SENSISTEK:Riset Sains dan Teknologi Kelautan
SENSISTEK: Research of Science and Ocean Technology is an open-access and peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Department of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, with the support of the Alumni Association of Ocean Engineering, Hasanuddin University. The journal has been nationally accredited SINTA 5 and is published twice a year, in May and November. SENSISTEK provides an academic platform for students, lecturers, researchers, engineers, practitioners, government institutions, and maritime industry professionals to publish and disseminate original research findings, technological developments, review articles, case studies, technical notes, and innovative ideas in the fields of marine science, maritime technology, and ocean engineering. All submitted manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening and a peer-review process conducted by qualified reviewers. Manuscripts approved for publication are made freely available through the SENSISTEK website and can be accessed and downloaded without subscription or access fees. SENSISTEK aims to strengthen scientific communication, knowledge exchange, and collaboration among universities, research institutions, government agencies, professional associations, coastal communities, and maritime industries. Through the publication of relevant and high-quality scientific articles, the journal contributes to the advancement of marine technology and the development of sustainable solutions for present and future challenges in the maritime sector. SENSISTEK is registered with e-ISSN 2988-2559 and p-ISSN 2623-1506, and publishes its articles under the DOI prefix 10.62012. Focus and Scope SENSISTEK publishes scientific works related to marine science, maritime technology, and ocean engineering. The journal’s scope includes, but is not limited to: Offshore structures and offshore engineering technology; Ship technology, marine transportation, and navigation systems; Renewable marine energy and marine materials; Marine systems, instrumentation, automation, and control; Port engineering, port management, and maritime logistics; Oceanography, coastal engineering, and coastal zone management; Marine tourism and coastal community development; Marine economics and maritime policy; Fisheries technology, aquaculture, and fisheries management; Marine environmental protection and sustainable maritime development; Marine safety, risk assessment, reliability, and asset integrity; Digital technology, artificial intelligence, modelling, and simulation for marine applications. Interdisciplinary studies that contribute to the development of marine and maritime sectors are also encouraged. Types of Articles SENSISTEK accepts the following types of manuscripts: Original Research Articles Articles presenting original research findings supported by clear research objectives, appropriate methodologies, data analysis, results, discussions, and conclusions. Review Articles Articles that critically evaluate and synthesize existing literature on specific topics related to marine science, maritime technology, or ocean engineering. Case Studies Articles discussing practical engineering cases, field applications, operational problems, or technology implementation in marine and maritime sectors. Technical Notes Concise articles reporting technical developments, preliminary findings, engineering methods, computational models, experimental procedures, or innovative technological applications. Conceptual and Methodological Articles Articles proposing new concepts, analytical frameworks, research methods, decision-support models, or engineering approaches relevant to marine and maritime studies. Publication Principles All submitted manuscripts are evaluated through an editorial screening and peer-review process. Manuscripts must be original, relevant to the journal’s scope, written according to the SENSISTEK author guidelines, and must not have been previously published or simultaneously submitted to another publication. SENSISTEK is committed to maintaining academic integrity, publication ethics, research transparency, and the continuous improvement of scientific publication quality. Intended Readers The journal is intended for: Students and lecturers; Researchers and academics; Marine and ocean engineers; Maritime industry practitioners; Government and regulatory institutions; Professional associations; Coastal and fisheries stakeholders; Other parties interested in marine science and maritime technology.
Departemen Teknik Kelautan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Hasanuddin
The Future of Underwater Technology: Challenges and Opportunities for Indonesia in the Global Ocean Economy
A large-diameter single pile is a potentially attractive alternative for simplifying the foundation system of compact offshore jackets; however, concentrating all actions into one load path requires more rigorous geotechnical, structural, fabrication, and installation verification. This paper develops an integrated pre-design framework for assessing the concept. The assessment combines offshore structural design principles, soil–pile load-transfer mechanisms, axial and lateral capacity screening, tubular section stress checks, and fabrication quality planning. An illustrative reference case with a 3.0 m diameter steel pile, 60–80 mm wall thickness, 70 m total length, and 45 m embedment is used to demonstrate the influence of diameter, penetration, soil stiffness, wall thickness, and scour. The screening results indicate that axial resistance increases strongly with diameter and embedment, whereas lateral response is particularly sensitive to soil stiffness, diameter, and scour. For an illustrative combination of 20 MN axial load and 120 MN·m overturning moment, a 60 mm wall gives a combined nominal stress of approximately 337 MPa, leaving limited margin to a 355 MPa yield strength; increasing the wall to 70–80 mm reduces the stress to approximately 291–257 MPa. Fabrication reliability is governed by material traceability, ovality, alignment, welding parameters, non-destructive testing, corrosion protection, and loadout readiness. The concept can be efficient for light-to-medium topsides in relatively uniform ground, but it should not be selected merely because it reduces the number of piles. A final decision requires site-specific ground investigation, nonlinear soil–structure analysis, fatigue verification, drivability assessment, accidental limit-state checks, and installation-spread evaluation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Riset Sains dan Teknologi Kelautan
Penguatan Kapasitas Nasional dalam Teknologi Bawah Air: Strategi Riset, Industri, dan Kolaborasi Akademik
Indonesia requires independent underwater-technology capabilities to support hydrographic survey, subsea infrastructure inspection, oceanographic research, environmental monitoring, search and rescue, and maritime defence. The initial manuscript identified technological gaps, limited laboratories, weak certification arrangements, human-resource constraints, and fragmented stakeholder collaboration. This revised study extends the analysis through a structured narrative review and policy analysis of national planning documents, international standards, and scientific literature on remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), navigation, communication, safety, and technology commercialisation. The assessment is organised into six capability dimensions: mission demand, critical technologies, testing facilities, standardisation and assurance, human competencies, and industrial-governance ecosystems. The results indicate that the principal constraint is not merely the ability to build prototypes, but the absence of an end-to-end evidence chain linking user requirements, design, relevant-environment testing, qualification, certification, procurement, and life-cycle support. A national strategy should therefore shift from fragmented prototype projects towards mission-driven programmes supported by open-system architectures, a national network of test facilities, early off-takers, and a Triple Helix governance structure with clear programme ownership. A four-phase roadmap for 2026–2045 is proposed: foundation, integration, industrial scaling, and technology leadership. Each phase is controlled through decision gates and measurable indicators, including technology readiness, domestic content, failure-free operating hours, certified products, qualified personnel, and industrial contracts. The framework provides a basis for research programming, facility investment, procurement reform, and national underwater-technology industrial development.
Copyright (c) 2026 SENSISTEK:Riset Sains dan Teknologi Kelautan
Conceptual Design and Fabrication Assessment of a Single Large-Diameter Pile Foundation for Compact Offshore Jacket Structures
Evaluation and Sensitivity Analysis of a 2D Portal Frame under Variations in Geometry and Boundary Conditions Using SAP2000
The stiffness of a two-dimensional portal frame is governed by the interaction among geometry, section properties, joint rigidity, support restraints, and loading pattern. This paper revises and expands an initial SAP2000 analysis of a 2D portal frame by incorporating a unit audit, model-data reconstruction, normalized sensitivity formulations, a verification procedure, and a mechanically consistent interpretation of the results. The baseline model represents a one-story, one-bay rigid portal made of ASTM A992 steel and subjected to vertical and horizontal distributed loads under linear static analysis. The original outputs show maximum raw values of 7086.87 for shear force, 20673.05 for bending moment, -5874.94 for compressive axial force, and 0.2022 for lateral displacement. Because the screenshots do not explicitly preserve the active output units, these values are treated as raw software results; under an N-m unit system, the force values correspond to 7.087 kN and 5.875 kN, while the moment corresponds to 20.673 kN·m. The normalized screening analysis demonstrates that the flexural response is highly sensitive to column height and beam span because displacement scales approximately with the cube of member length. A 10% increase in height is expected to increase lateral displacement by about 33.1%, whereas a 20% increase produces an increase of about 72.8% when flexural action dominates. A 20% reduction in the second moment of area increases deformation by approximately 25%. Support conditions also modify moment redistribution and drift, with fixed-fixed bases providing the highest restraint compared with configurations involving rotational releases. The revised study emphasizes that SAP2000 results should not be used for design decisions before the model units, geometry, reactions, rotations, and section properties have been independently verified.
Evaluation of the Linear Elastic Response of a Three-Dimensional Frame in a Jacket Structure Leg System under Vertical Loading Using SAP2000
Jacket structures are three-dimensional steel framing systems that transfer top side loads to the foundation through legs, braces, and tubular joints. This study evaluates the linear-elastic response of a three-dimensional portal model representing a jacket leg system under vertical loading using SAP2000. The model consists of four legs connected by diagonal and horizontal braces, rigid joints, fixed base supports, and hollow circular sections. The analysis includes self-weight and four concentrated loads of 1 kN applied at the top. The revised study extends the original work through section-property calculations, load-path assessment, a unit-consistency audit, and a critical interpretation of the output contours. The SAP2000 displacement legends show an E-6 scale factor; assuming the model length unit is metre, the maximum Ux and Uy are 245×10⁻⁶ m or 0.245 mm, while Uz is 560×10⁻⁶ m or 0.560 mm. These values correct the initial metre-based interpretation. The reported axial response is compression-dominated, ranging from -1059.44 kN to +7.41 kN. The stress contour identifies the middle-brace region as a critical response zone; however, yielding cannot be concluded because the active stress unit was not documented. Reported torsion ranges from -4.60 to +3.42 kN·m, indicating internal coupling associated with the three-dimensional configuration. Linear static analysis is therefore useful for preliminary stiffness and load-path assessment, but unit verification, reaction equilibrium, member discretization, joint flexibility, soil-pile interaction, environmental loading, and nonlinear analysis are required before the model can support an offshore structural safety assessment.
Conceptual Design of a Floating Nuclear Power Plant in Eastern Indonesia: Strategic Site Selection for Remote Areas
Eastern Indonesia has great potential for clean energy development, but still faces limitations in terms of electricity infrastructure and energy distribution in island and remote areas. Floating nuclear power plant (FNPP) are seen as an effective solution to meet these needs due to their flexible nature and ability to be located on outlying islands. This study presents a conceptual design for a Floating Nuclear Power Plant, focusing on a strategic location selection study in the waters of Eastern Indonesia. The research methodology includes secondary data analysis via satellite covering oceanographic aspects (waves, currents, sea depth), logistical accessibility, distance from population centres, potential connections to local electricity grids, as well as safety and environmental risk mitigation factors. By obtaining wave recurrence results, it is hoped that suitable locations for the placement of floating nuclear power plants can be identified, while also providing initial considerations for long-term energy planning in Eastern Indonesia. This research is expected to serve as a strategic reference in supporting sustainable energy provision and strengthening national energy security.
Floating Nuclear Power Plant Six-Degree-of-Freedom Motion Response Analysis of a SPAR-Type Floating Nuclear Power Plant in Halmahera Waters: A Conceptual Study Using ANSYS AQWA
Reliable electricity supply for the archipelagic regions of Eastern Indonesia motivates the assessment of floating nuclear power plants (FNPPs) as low-carbon baseload sources. This study revises and expands a conceptual motion-response assessment of a 250 MWe spar-type FNPP proposed for Halmahera waters. The model base consists of a 45 m diameter cylindrical structure, a total height of 73 m, a draft of 48.5 m, a modeled water depth of 150 m, and a nine-line spread-mooring system. Hydrodynamic behavior is evaluated in the frequency domain using a six-degree-of-freedom framework and the ANSYS-AQWA outputs available from the original study. Regular-wave responses are interpreted through response amplitude operators (RAOs), while irregular-wave behavior is assessed through response spectra and stochastic amplitudes. Directional patterns are physically consistent: maximum surge is 1.825 m at 0° wave heading, maximum sway is 1.825 m at 90°, heave is 0.226 m for all headings, maximum roll is 0.532° at 90°, and maximum pitch is 0.532° at 0°. All responses remain below the adopted screening criteria of 12 m for surge/sway, 1.3 m for heave, and 45° for roll/pitch. Nevertheless, satisfying these thresholds demonstrates only preliminary hydrodynamic feasibility and does not constitute a nuclear safety case. Site-specific metocean validation, mooring-line tension and one-line-damaged analyses, nonlinear time-domain simulations, tsunami assessment, and qualification of safety-related equipment are required before advancing the concept to a technical pre-feasibility stage.
Desain Konseptual PLTN Terapung di Indonesia Timur: Aspek Kelayakan dan Implikasi Ekonomi
Indonesia is a vast archipelagic country with thousands of islands stretching from west to east; however, the distribution and accessibility of electricity supply remain uneven across regions. This challenge necessitates reliable, sustainable, and affordable energy solutions, particularly in the eastern part of the country. To address the energy crisis and climate change mitigation, the Floating Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) has emerged as a potential alternative due to its ability to generate large-scale electricity with low emissions, more efficient construction compared to land-based plants, and accessible cooling processes. This study evaluates the feasibility of implementing the FNPP design in the waters surrounding Halmahera Island, North Maluku Province. In addition to technical feasibility, the study also highlights economic implications, where the proposed 300 MW capacity not only has the potential to reduce energy disparities but also to provide affordable electricity (SDGs 7), support sustainable infrastructure development (SDGs 9), and promote the blue economy through enhanced access to electricity, strengthened fisheries, port activities, and the maritime industry. Accordingly, the conceptual design of the FNPP is expected to serve as a strategic solution to improve national energy security while supporting Indonesia’s sustainable development agenda. Furthermore, this design recommendation is anticipated to serve as a strategic reference to reduce energy disparities in remote areas, strengthen national energy resilience, and contribute to the global development agenda.
STRATEGI MANAJEMEN RISIKO DALAM PEMELIHARAAN INFRASTRUKTUR MARITIM UNTUK KESELAMATAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS
Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan strategi manajemen risiko dalam pemeliharaan infrastruktur maritim guna meningkatkan keselamatan dan produktivitas operasional pelabuhan. Evaluasi difokuskan pada peran komponen infrastruktur, mencakup fasilitas, teknologi, dan prosedur operasional, terhadap efektivitas pengelolaan risiko. Pemeliharaan serta perbaikan infrastruktur maritim memiliki peran penting dalam menjamin kelancaran aktivitas pelabuhan sekaligus menjaga standar keselamatan. Namun, proses ini kerap menghadapi tantangan, seperti keterlambatan pekerjaan, kerusakan peralatan, serta faktor lingkungan yang berpotensi menurunkan produktivitas. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan manajemen risiko melalui identifikasi potensi bahaya, analisis tingkat kemungkinan dan dampak, serta perumusan strategi mitigasi berdasarkan standar keselamatan maritim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan manajemen risiko yang terstruktur mampu mengurangi potensi kecelakaan kerja, menekan biaya tak terduga, serta meningkatkan keandalan infrastruktur dan efisiensi operasional pelabuhan. Strategi ini menunjukkan efektivitas dalam menyeimbangkan keselamatan dengan produktivitas melalui optimalisasi pengelolaan pemeliharaan infrastruktur. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa manajemen risiko bukan hanya instrumen penting dalam pemeliharaan infrastruktur maritim, melainkan juga pendekatan strategis untuk memastikan keberlanjutan produktivitas pelabuhan. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan kebijakan pemeliharaan yang adaptif, berorientasi pada keselamatan, serta responsif terhadap dinamika lingkungan operasional maritim.
PENERAPAN SMART PORT SYSTEM BERBASIS IoT UNTUK EFISIENSI MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL PELABUHAN DI INDONESIA
Pelabuhan di Indonesia memiliki peran vital dalam menopang sistem logistik nasional dan internasional, terutama karena lebih dari 90% volume perdagangan dunia diangkut melalui laut. Namun, masih banyak pelabuhan Indonesia menghadapi persoalan efisiensi operasional, seperti lamanya waktu tunggu kapal (waiting time), tingginya dwelling time, serta keterbatasan koordinasi antarpemangku kepentingan. Penerapan konsep Smart Port System berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) menjadi solusi inovatif dalam mendukung transformasi digital pelabuhan menuju era Port 4.0. Konsep ini memungkinkan peningkatan produktivitas, transparansi operasional, serta efisiensi energi melalui integrasi sistem digital, analitik data, dan automasi proses. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian literatur sistematis yang menelaah berbagai publikasi ilmiah internasional dan nasional pada periode 2019–2025 mengenai implementasi Smart Port System. Fokus kajian mencakup identifikasi teknologi utama (sensor, RFID, AGV, TOS), dampak penerapan terhadap indikator kinerja pelabuhan (throughput, dwelling time, moves per crane per hour), serta hambatan implementasi di konteks Indonesia. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem pelabuhan pintar dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional secara signifikan: throughput meningkat 15–30%, dwelling time menurun 25–40%, produktivitas crane meningkat 20–35%, serta konsumsi energi turun 15–20%. Namun, efektivitas implementasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh kesiapan infrastruktur digital, investasi, kebijakan regulatif, serta kapasitas sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan strategi bertahap implementasi Smart Port System di Indonesia, dimulai dari digitalisasi layanan administratif, penerapan IoT pada peralatan utama, hingga integrasi data analitik dan keamanan siber. Pendekatan tersebut diharapkan mampu memperkuat daya saing pelabuhan nasional dan berkontribusi terhadap penurunan biaya logistik nasional. Kata Kunci: Smart Port, Internet of Things, efisiensi operasional, Pelabuhan, Port 4.0
STUDI KOMPARATIF: KEPUASAN PENUMPANG KAPAL FERRY ASDP DAN KAPAL DHARMA LAUTAN TUJUAN SELAYAR
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat kepuasan penumpang terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan oleh kapal ferry ASDP dan kapal Dharma Lautan pada rute tujuan Selayar, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan penumpang pada kedua kapal ferry tersebut serta perbandingan antara kualitas pelayanan dan pengoperasian kedua kapal tersebut. Kepuasan penumpang diukur berdasarkan indikator: kualitas pelayanan (keramahan staf, responsivitas), fasilitas kapal (kenyamanan tempat duduk, kebersihan, dan fasilitas tambahan), serta ketepatan waktu keberangkatan dan kedatangan. Kualitas pelayanan dinilai berdasarkan persepsi penumpang terhadap indikator seperti kecepatan layanan, keramahan staf, dan ketepatan waktu. Pengoperasian kapal dinilai dari aspek kenyamanan fasilitas, frekuensi keberangkatan, dan efisiensi operasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan metode komparatif untuk membandingkan tingkat kepuasan penumpang antara dua operator kapal, yaitu PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry dan Dharma Lautan Nusantara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai rata-rata (mean score) dari kedua kapal tersebut memiliki selisih sekitar 8 nilai. Rata-rata tingkat kepuasan pelanggan kapal ferry ASDP adalah 64,68 sedangkan rata-rata tingkat kepuasan pelanggan kapal Dharma Lautan lebih tinggi yaitu mencapai 72,96. Angka ini menunjukkan bahwa secara statistik pelanggan kapal Dharma Lautan secara umum lebih puas dibanding pelanggan kapal ASDP. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan penumpang: Jadwal keberangkatan yang tepat waktu; Pelayanan awak kapal; Kebersihan dan fasilitas kapal; Harga tiket; Proses naik turun penumpang. Penelitian menunjukkan persentase perbandingan kepuasan penumpang pada kedua kapal ini berbeda secara signifikan di mana kapal Dharma Lautan Utama memiliki persentase tinggi pada setiap indikator penilaian kepuasan, sedangkan kapal ferry ASDP hanya berada di kisaran persentase tertinggi 30%.
DESIGN AND STABILITY OF THE GALAHERANG TOUR SHIP USING MAXSURF SOFTWARE
This study aims to analyze the design and stability of the Galaherang tourist vessel operating on the Kapuas River, Pontianak, using Maxsurf software. The Galaherang is a river-based passenger vessel designed to accommodate approximately 97 passengers and 4 crew members. The analysis includes hull form modeling using Maxsurf Modeler and stability simulation using Maxsurf Stability. The study encompasses hydrostatic calculations, equilibrium analysis, and large angle stability assessment. The results show that the vessel has principal dimensions of LOA 21 m, LWL 17.6 m, beam 5 m, depth 3 m, total height 8 m, and draft 1.61 m. The vessel’s transverse metacentric height (GMt) is 0.957 m under full load conditions. The righting arm (GZ) curve reaches a maximum of 0.523 m at a heeling angle of 45.5°, with an area under the curve of 71.583 m·deg for the 0–30° range. Simulations under dynamic conditions, such as passenger crowding and turning, result in heel angles ranging from 7.5° to 10°, which remain within safe limits. The design complies with the minimum stability criteria set by IMO Resolution A.749(18) Chapter 3 and the BKI standards for passenger vessels, meeting requirements for initial stability, large-angle stability, and longitudinal balance.
This study aims to describe the condition of spare parts management and operational smoothness, as well as to analyze the influence of spare parts management on operational smoothness at PT Pelayaran Samudera Rizqi. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 60 respondents who are active employees of the company. The descriptive analysis results show that the average score for spare parts management is 4.08 and for operational smoothness is 4.03, both of which fall into the "good" category. Simple regression analysis yielded a t-value of 8.369, which is greater than the t-table value of 1.671, with a significance level of 0.001. This indicates a significant influence of spare parts management on operational smoothness. The coefficient of determination (R Square) is 0.547, suggesting that 54.7% of the variation in operational smoothness is explained by spare parts management, while the remaining 45.3% is influenced by other factors outside the scope of this study. The resulting regression equation model is Y = 11.695 + 0.805X. These findings emphasize that effective spare parts management plays a crucial role in supporting the smooth operation of shipping company activities. Keywords: spare parts management, shipping, operational smoothness
The Relationship between Stress Coping and Cadets’ Learning Motivation in Vocational Maritime Education and Policy Formulation
This study aims to analyze the relationship between stress coping and cadets’ learning motivation in Vocational Maritime Education and to formulate relevant policies. The study population consisted of 95 first-year cadets’ at the Vocational Faculty of Maritime. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling, where all 95 cadets’ became research participants. Data collection methods included questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Data analysis was conducted using multiple regression analysis, with hypothesis testing performed using t-tests and F-tests. The results showed that Emotion-Focused Coping did not significantly affect learning motivation when analyzed separately. However, Problem-Focused Coping had a significant impact on learning motivation. When considered simultaneously, both coping strategies significantly influenced cadets’' learning motivation. Based on these findings, this study suggests the necessity of a comprehensive policy to help cadets’ manage stress. This includes providing guidance and counseling services and developing effective stress management training programs to enhance cadets’ well-being, reduce dropout rates, and increase learning motivation. Implementing these policies is expected to support cadets’ in achieving optimal academic performance and completing their education on time.
Rekayasa dan Manajemen Kepelabuhanan dan Transportasi Laut
Optimization of Cold Storage Temperature and Humidity Monitoring with Elitech RC4 HC Data Logger: Case Analysis at PT. Delta Mina Perkasa
Cold storage is an important facility in the fishing industry to extend the shelf life of products, especially frozen fish, while maintaining their quality. This research analyzes the performance of the Elitech RC4 HC Data Logger in monitoring temperature and humidity in a 400-ton capacity cold storage at PT Delta Mina Perkasa, Sidoarjo, East Java. Research methods include surveys, direct observation, interviews, and internships, with descriptive and quantitative data analysis approaches. Data loggers were placed at three points: near the door, the middle section with load, and the back section without load, to record temperature and humidity conditions for 78 days. The results showed that the best temperature and humidity stability was recorded in the center of the cold storage, while the largest temperature fluctuations occurred near the door, caused by door opening and closing activities. In June, the cold storage conditions were considered good, but the quality of frozen fish decreased during July to September due to machine repairs. Overall, the Elitech RC4 HC Data Logger proved effective in monitoring real-time temperature and humidity conditions. However, to maintain the quality of frozen fish consistently, it is recommended that the company adds specialized humidity monitors, improves cold storage management, and conducts regular monitoring.
HARI EFEKTIF MESIN KAPAL NELAYAN TRADISIONAL
Ship engines are machines that play an important role in the dynamics of the fishing business. Unfortunately, traditional fishing boat engines in Indonesia are neglected in maintenance and repair, so that apart from affordable areas, efforts in unreached areas are very important. In this research, damaged machines are maintained and repaired, working hours are monitored, with the main aim of evaluating continued seaworthiness compared to machines that work continuously. Machine operation, machine working hours, assessed for one year in Tablolong village, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The effective day rate of operation ranges from 268±97 to 275±90 idle time in machine operation and from 190±175 to 200±165 idle time in continuous machine operation. Machines that are maintained every month have higher levels of operation and movement compared to machines that are maintained for three and five months. However, the seaworthiness of the engines is very low, mostly due to lack of understanding, unavailability of engine maintenance facilities. Effective days in machine operation were observed, during the period (January-November). Machine maintenance is very useful for traditional fishermen who lack skills. Nevertheless, ongoing long-term and systematic monitoring is necessary to have a greater understanding of maintenance and repair.
EFFECT OF THE MADDEN-JULLIAN OSCILLATION ON VARIABILITY SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN THE MAKASSAR STRAIT
Madden-Jullian Oscillation (MJO) climate variability is global climate variability that can influence oceanographic conditions, including sea surface temperature. This research was conducted to determine the influence of the MJO phenomenon on sea surface temperature variability during the Asian Monsoon period in the Makassar Strait. The data used in this research are MJO monitoring data from BOM, sea surface temperature data from NOAA's Aqua MODIS Satellite. The method used in this research is to group active MJO events into phases 2, 3, 4 and 5 and then create a monthly average SST. Next, determine the monthly SST anomaly and then analyze it. The research results show that when the MJO is active in phases 2,3,4 and 5, there is an increase and decrease in SST
PRE ELIMINARY DESIGN OF LAKKANG FLOATING PIER
Lakkang is one of the neighbourhoods located in Tallo Sub-district, Makassar City and is a residential area and tourist destination purpose. Lakkang can be accessed from varius directions, namely from Kera-kera and Tallo. To get to Lakkang, people currently use catamaran boats. In order to support shipping to Lakkang, a pier was built on the island called the Lakkang pier. Lakkang Pier is made of wood. The existing pier at this time during the high tide season with flood discharge the pier is submerged in water, the distance between the pier floor and the low tide elevation is 1.93 m and the condition of the pier construction is not safe for the process of loading and unloading goods and getting on and off passengers. Therefore, a pier design is needed that can overcome these problems. The purpose of this research is to conduct preliminary planning of floating docks in Lakkang. The research starts from collecting secondary data and primary data. Secondary data includes spatial planning documents, social economy and river discharge. While primary data include tides, bathymetry, shipload, and ship data. Furthermore, analysis of all data collected was carried out to determine the dimensions of the floating dock. The planning results obtained the dimensions of the planned pier have a length of 9.2 m, a width of 5.2 m, a height of 0.708 m, and a ladder of 0.115 m.
MASA DEPAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN DI LAUT: PERAN TEKNOLOGI TENAGA LAUT DALAM MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM
Human life cannot be separated from the use of energy. Energy is needed for many things like cooking, traveling, and working. Currently, electrical energy is the main need. To produce electrical energy, power plants that utilize renewable and non-renewable energy sources are needed. Technology in the field of renewable energy continues to experience rapid development. The use of renewable energy aims to reduce the impact of global climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. A variety of natural resources are available as renewable energy alternatives, one of which is marine power technology. Marine energy technology is a technology that utilizes various properties and movements of the ocean to generate electrical energy. Energy sources from the sea can be utilized by using marine technology such as ocean current technology, ocean wave technology, and ocean thermal energy conversion. This technology makes it easy to adapt to the characteristics of the exploited sea.
OPTIMIZATION OF BREAKWATER FUNCTION FISH LANDING PORT (PPI) TANAH BERU BULUKUMBA REGENCY
At the Fish Landing Harbor (PPI) coastal protection buildings have been built to protect the area in an effort to obtain calm waters at the harbor. A breakwater is infrastructure built to break waves by absorbing wave energy. The types of wave breakers are sloping side breakwaters, vertical side breakwaters and mixed wave breakers. Waves are a form of energy that can shape beaches, cause currents and sediment transport in perpendicular directions and along the coast, and cause forces that act on coastal buildings. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of wave transmission and alternative breakwater construction in ports, simulated using a numerical hydrodynamic model to simulate waves. The input data is wave height, wave period and wave direction. The Fish Landing Harbor Breakwater (PPI) is not yet optimal because the waves entering the port area in the west season reach 1.2 meters. Based on the results of the breakwater design used to optimize its function, this can be proven by the existence of breakwater construction designed in modeling where the breakwater with a length of 150 m, the wave height entering the protected area is 0.81 m, the breakwater with a length of 300, the wave height entering the area protected by 0.2 m, and a breakwater with a length of 500, the wave height entering the protected area is 0.03 m.
KAJIAN LAJU TRANSFOR SEDIMEN DI ESTUARIA JENEBERANG, STUDI KASUS PEMUNCULAN TOMBOLO AKTIF DI SELATAN ESTUARIA
Sediment movement continuously at the mouth of the river causing erosion and sedimentation and shoreline changes in the area around the estuary. Introduction behavior sedimentation in the estuary is an important initial step in determining step efforts to address the problem of sediment deposition and movement. This study aimed to determine the pattern of propagation of waves and currents and their effects on sediment and Tombolo active or cuspate appearance. The methodology used in data collection is to perform direct measurements and the data obtained is processed by software based on finite difference especially for the analysis of wave propagation patterns and sediment movements. The results of the study conducted in the southern estuaries Jeneberang shows that the propagation pattern of waves and currents affect the movement of sediment and the intersection between the two causes that trigger the appearance of sediment deposition on Tombolo active or cuspate.
ESTIMASI WAKTU REPARASI KM. WILIS MENGGUNAKAN CRITICAL PATH METHODE
Accurate time estimation is the key to the success of KM Wilis repair activities at PT Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero). Delays in ship repair activities will be able to cause losses for shipowners in fulfilling shipping transport service schedules. This study aims to develop a reparation plan for KM. Wilis with critical path method in order to obtain the optimal duration of repair work. Based on the KM Wilis repair list, repair activities were identified into smaller components (work breakdown structure) to determine the relationship between preceding and preceded activities. The repair list is also used as a guideline for data analysis, which includes job descriptions, labour, duration, and work volume. Critical Path Method as a time management method is used to identify activities that are on the critical path. KM Wilis repair time estimation obtained a duration of 33 days with critical path activities including tug boat services, docking services, hull cleaning work with water jets, hull cleaning work with scrap, unloading skerm bush pintles and rudder leaf pens, dismantling of the lowered rudder leaf on the dock floor, making new left rudder leaves, reinstalling rudder leaves, undocking services, tug boat services and sea trials.
ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL UTILIZATION OF THE TALLO RIVER MAKASSAR AS A SHIPPING ROUTE
One of the rivers with potential for development into a river transportation system in the city of Makassar is the Tallo River, which is approximately 22.2 km long. This river can connect the Tamalanrea sub-district with the coastal area of Makassar. Currently, the Tallo River is utilized as a transportation route to Lakkang Island, which is one of the tourist destinations. Based on the relatively wide characteristics of the river, the Tallo River can accommodate vessels with a relatively large draft. However, a study is needed to determine the maximum draft of vessels that can operate in the river based on water depth and air clearance at the Reformasi Toll Bridge. The objective of this research is to determine the maximum draft and freeboard of vessels that can operate in the Tallo River, identify areas of shoaling, and calculate the volume of dredging required. The research begins with literature review, collection of secondary and primary data, data analysis, and identification of shoaling points for calculating dredging volume. The data collected includes bathymetric data, tidal data, current data, bottom sediment data, and river discharge data. Based on the data analysis results, the maximum vessel draft before dredging is 1.0 m LWL with an air clearance of 1.9 m from the high tide water level. After dredging, the draft of vessels that can use the Tallo River is 1.5 m LWL. The locations requiring dredging are 13 points, with a total dredging volume of 1283.49.
VALIDASI KECEPATAN ARUS SIMULASI NUMERIK MIKE 21 DENGAN KECEPATAN ARUS LAPANGAN PADA BANGUNAN GROIN PT. BODDIA GALESONG JAYA
Ocean currents are the flow of water in the ocean, influenced by factors such as temperature and salinity gradients, wind stress, gravitational forces from the moon, and bathimetry of ocean. These currents follow specific patterns and significantly impact climate, weather, and marine ecosystems. This study focuses on validating field measurements of current speed against simulated speed generated by the MIKE 21 software, a widely used tool for hydrodynamic modeling in coastal engineering. The validation process involved comparing in-situ measurements of current speed, obtained using an acoustic Doppler current profiler, with the simulated currents from MIKE 21. The simulation parameters were calibrated to reflect the field conditions accurately. The results indicated that the maximum discrepancy between field measurements and the model's simulated currents was approximately 6.3%. This level of agreement confirms that the MIKE 21 model accurately represents the field conditions. Therefore, the model's predictions can be reliably used for other hydrodynamic simulations and coastal management applications.
DISASTER POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF EXTREME SEA WAVES AND COASTAL ABRASION IN TANJUNG BUNGA AND BAROMBONG BEACH AREA IN MAKASSAR
Makassar City is a coastal city in Indonesia with a coastline length of 32 km which includes eleven small islands and a total area of 122,370 km or about 1.1% of the area. This is why Makassar City has a unique character as a coastal city. In recent years, coastal areas in various parts of Indonesia have experienced a very alarming decline, according to the report of the Content Study and Management Plan for Coastal Waters and Oceans, Ministry of Regional Development and Regional Development. Makassar City is one of 30 coastal cities in Indonesia. It is estimated that coastal cities in Indonesia can be affected by rising sea levels in coastal areas, among others; Coastal areas are exposed to negative impacts such as sedimentation (deposition), environmental pollution, then changes in the water system due to human activities and building infrastructure on land but also at sea. The Makassar coastal area has experienced a significant decrease in environmental carrying capacity caused by uncontrolled access to building infrastructure and the condition of the earth's surface shape in coastal areas that can cause disasters. If coastal conditions are not repaired/improved and reduced, it will cause damage to coastal environmental areas which also have an impact on the surrounding areas. The development of this coastal area must be managed by developing the concept of disaster reduction. through the right regional system with me
Coastal and Marine Environment Disasters
DEVELOPMENT OF SHIP CONSTRUCTION ON A PINISI SHIP USING A LAMINATED HULL
The development of shipping technology continues with the discovery of new construction methods to achieve fast and cost-effective results. The development of shipping technology is starting to show a better direction and shipping as a means of transportation has become a very promising business for the shipping industry in Indonesia. This is different from the construction of civil ships, where the legal process is still traditional and takes a long time, especially for private ships. It is very important to pay attention to the factors that influence the condition of the ship. Factors related to ship performance and productivity must of course be taken into account, especially when calculating ship cargo. Because increasing the load will reduce the maximum load that the ship can carry and automatically affect the stability of the ship, etc. Under these conditions, it is necessary to calculate the performance of the ship's steel that will be used later so that the collection is in accordance with the ship owner's expectations. The development of working methods is considered negative due to differences in current conditions, especially in the manufacturing sector, especially in the quality of technology and human resources. Therefore, one of the methods used is the lamination technology method, which combines one or more types of materials into one
ANTICIPATING THE IMPACT OF SEA LEVEL RISE AND ITS MITIGATION IN THE GALESONG TAKALAR COASTAL AREA
Indonesia is an archipelago, and some cities began as coastal towns. Takalar, a coastal city, has experienced social, cultural, and economic development. The Galesong Coastal Area, located in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, has various aspects of social, cultural, and financial life, as well as a tourism sector. The relative sea level on the Galesong coast ranges between 6,203 and 6,274 mm per year. On the other hand, sea level rise has tremendous effects on climate change and marine disasters. Some of the effects produced by sea level rise include increased frequency and intensity of flooding, changes in ocean currents, greater mangrove damage, and increased threats to the socioeconomic activities of coastal communities. The purpose of this study is to identify the effects and sources of sea level rise and disasters, hence this study shows the impacts on coastal communities and surrounding marine ecosystems. Based on the declining terrain, socialisation and education of the community on disaster mitigation, and the creation of evacuation routes are some of the impacts that can be anticipated from sea level rise and disasters.
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A MINI SHIP AS A WASTE CLEANER IN A TOURIST BEACH ENVIRONMENT
Environmental cleanliness is still a very serious problem until now, even though cleanliness is something that must be considered for the government and the awareness of the citizens themselves. One small example is the cleanliness of canals and irrigation canals. The cleanliness of the place also affects the continuity of the system in the place, such as waterways which will have an impact on the marine ecosystem. If this happens to the marine ecosystem, it will certainly be very vital for coastal communities and fishermen who work as fishermen and seaweed farmers. Most marine debris consists of plastic. This waste can be found on the beach as well as in the depths of the sea. This marine debris also has different sizes: mega, micro, and nano. This can harm marine creatures and contaminate their habitat. This global problem is getting worse over time and it is predicted that plastic waste in the ocean will triple from 2015 to 2025. The accumulation of plastic waste has a major impact on the ocean from an environmental, economic, public health and wildlife perspective. For example, nanoplastics from seafood can enter the human body through the digestive tract to the circulatory system. However, the disadvantages are not directly linked to social benefits. To prevent the dumping of plastic waste, plastic products must be designed, used and disposed of more responsibly. In this paper, we will design an arduino nano-based garbage cleaning ship that can be monitored so that it can clean up marine debris but still on a small scale. The main feature of this ship's design is the FPV camera that can monitor the surroundings and the ship is driven using a remote control via wireless NRF24L01. With the creation of this tool, it is hoped that it can facilitate the performance of beach cleaners or anyone who wants to continue to maintain cleanliness, especially in the marine sector, and can foster a sense of responsibility for the cleanliness of the environment around where we live.
THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN INCREASING COASTAL HUMAN CAPACITY
This research explores the role of information and communication technology (ICT) in enhancing human resource capacity in coastal areas. The aim is to analyze how ICT has influenced education, training, productivity, and climate change adaptation in coastal regions. The research involves statistical data analysis on internet access and interviews with coastal residents.The results show that ICT has broadened access to education and training, facilitated global knowledge exchange, and provided more efficient reference resources. Technology also plays a role in improving productivity and climate change adaptation in coastal communities.In conclusion, ICT plays a crucial role in enhancing coastal human resource capacity. Collaboration among stakeholders is key to ensuring technology is used wisely in sustainable planning and management. Keywords: information and communication technology, coastal areas, education, climate change, human resource capacity.