Effect of Water Diffusion on Dielectric and Hydrophobicity in Silicone Elastomer Materials

Abstract

One of the supporting equipment for the power distribution system is an electrical insulator. The function of an electrical insulator is crucial in ensuring the smooth transmission of electrical energy by isolating the high-voltage conductor from other conductors. The advantages of polymer insulators include dielectric properties, volume resistivity, thermal properties, mechanical strength, and lightweight. Polymer insulators also possess hydrophobic properties, allowing them to maintain their hydrophobic nature even when exposed to a layer of pollution. To determine the influence of water diffusion on the dielectric and hydrophobic properties of silicone elastomer, the percentage of water absorption affecting the contact angle and relative permittivity was determined. The dielectric strength and contact angle play a significant role in determining the quality of the insulator used in the power system. In this research, silicone elastomer samples with SiO2 and ATH fillers were immersed at room temperature and 50°C, following the IEC standards. The study also involved qualitative data testing. The research results indicate that the concentration of fillers given affects the level of water absorption by the samples. As the sample weight increases, the obtained contact angle tends to be smaller, but all samples still exhibit hydrophobic properties.
Furthermore, the research findings also show that as the sample weight increases, the relative permittivity values
tend to be higher, but under certain conditions, the relative permittivity values can be lower.