Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research analyzes Brazil's diplomatic strategy for overcoming the problem of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest. The Amazon region is an essential part of the environment, which is a centre of biodiversity and contributes to the environment through carbon absorption. The deforestation problem that occurs in the Amazon region has a significant impact not only on Brazil but also globally. This is what underlies various international criticisms of Brazil, so it needs to be responded to diplomatically. By using qualitative methods and the concept of environmental diplomacy, this research finds that Brazil operates in four main strategies that represent the dynamics of environmental diplomacy practice. The strategy includes a commitment to achieving zero deforestation, holding meetings with Latin American countries to discuss the Amazon crisis, using the summit forum to negotiate with the United States in cooperation to overcome deforestation, and responding to trade demands from European countries that discriminate against Brazilian trade products. This response shows that basically Brazil is committed to realizing environmental preservation. However, there is a contradiction caused by Brazil's condition, which still needs to develop its economy amidst the current crisis. Therefore, the practice of environmental diplomacy is taken to become a momentum in raising awareness of the environment with the policies implemented by Brazil.
Keywords
Article Details
References
- Berghe, A. Van Den. (2021). What ’ s going on with the EU-Mercosur agreement ? Client Earth. https://www.clientearth.org/latest/latest-updates/news/what-s-going-on-with-the-eu-mercosur-agreement/
- Biller, D. (2021). Brazil to seek zero deforestation by 2028, up from 2030. PBS. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/brazil-to-seek-zero-deforestation-by-2028-up-from-2030
- CNN. (2019). Brasil Gandeng Negara Tetangga untuk Menjaga Hutan Amazon. CNN Indonesia.
- Egelston, A. (2022). Worth Saving: International Diplomacy to Protect the Environment. Springer.
- Furumo, P. R., & Lambin, E. F. (2021). Policy sequencing to reduce tropical deforestation. Global Sustainability, 4(e24), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2021.21
- Genin, C., Calixto, B., Walls, G., Keneally, S., Frasson, C., & Vicente, I. (2021). How Can Brazil Protect the Amazon and Advance Climate Action? World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/insights/strategies-amazon-rainforest-climate-action-brazil
- Hunnicutt, T., & Whitcomb, D. (2022). White House says Biden , Bolsonaro agree to work together on Amazon deforestation. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/white-house-says-biden-bolsonaro-agree-work-together-amazon-deforestation-2022-06-10/
- Jordan, L. (2022). Brazil threatened UK with trade action over deforestation legalisation. Unearthed, Greenpeace. https://unearthed.greenpeace.org/2022/09/27/brazil-threatened-uk-wto-deforestation-legislation/
- McNabb, D. E. (2015). Research Methods for Political Science. In Research Methods for Political Science (Second Edi). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003103141
- Orsini, A. (2020). Environmental Diplomacy. In Global Diplomacy An Introduction to Theory and Practice (p. 239). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28786-3_6
- Poerwantika, T. R., & Hatami, M. I. (2021). Deforestasi Amazon Pada Era Bolsonaro (2019). Indonesian Journal of International Relations, 5(2), 184–217. https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v5i2.205
- Spring, B. J., & Deutsch, A. (2021). European supermarkets stop selling Brazil beef over deforestation links. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/european-supermarkets-stop-selling-brazil-beef-over-deforestation-links-2021-12-15/
- Spring, J. (2022). EU-Mercosur trade deal to clear environmental hurdles this year , EU commissioner says. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/eu-mercosur-trade-deal-clear-environmental-hurdles-this-year-eu-commissioner-2022-05-02/
- Spring, J., & Paraguassu, L. (2020). Eight European countries urge Brazil to take action on Amazon deforestation. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment-europe-idUSKBN2672DM
- Werneck, F., Angelo, C., & Araújo, S. (2022). the Third Year of Environmental Havoc Under Jair Bolsonaro (Issue February).
- WWF. (2010). UNSUSTAINABLE CATTLE RANCHING. WWF. https://wwf.panda.org/discover/knowledge_hub/where_we_work/amazon/amazon_threats/unsustainable_cattle_ranching/
References
Berghe, A. Van Den. (2021). What ’ s going on with the EU-Mercosur agreement ? Client Earth. https://www.clientearth.org/latest/latest-updates/news/what-s-going-on-with-the-eu-mercosur-agreement/
Biller, D. (2021). Brazil to seek zero deforestation by 2028, up from 2030. PBS. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/brazil-to-seek-zero-deforestation-by-2028-up-from-2030
CNN. (2019). Brasil Gandeng Negara Tetangga untuk Menjaga Hutan Amazon. CNN Indonesia.
Egelston, A. (2022). Worth Saving: International Diplomacy to Protect the Environment. Springer.
Furumo, P. R., & Lambin, E. F. (2021). Policy sequencing to reduce tropical deforestation. Global Sustainability, 4(e24), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2021.21
Genin, C., Calixto, B., Walls, G., Keneally, S., Frasson, C., & Vicente, I. (2021). How Can Brazil Protect the Amazon and Advance Climate Action? World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/insights/strategies-amazon-rainforest-climate-action-brazil
Hunnicutt, T., & Whitcomb, D. (2022). White House says Biden , Bolsonaro agree to work together on Amazon deforestation. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/white-house-says-biden-bolsonaro-agree-work-together-amazon-deforestation-2022-06-10/
Jordan, L. (2022). Brazil threatened UK with trade action over deforestation legalisation. Unearthed, Greenpeace. https://unearthed.greenpeace.org/2022/09/27/brazil-threatened-uk-wto-deforestation-legislation/
McNabb, D. E. (2015). Research Methods for Political Science. In Research Methods for Political Science (Second Edi). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003103141
Orsini, A. (2020). Environmental Diplomacy. In Global Diplomacy An Introduction to Theory and Practice (p. 239). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28786-3_6
Poerwantika, T. R., & Hatami, M. I. (2021). Deforestasi Amazon Pada Era Bolsonaro (2019). Indonesian Journal of International Relations, 5(2), 184–217. https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v5i2.205
Spring, B. J., & Deutsch, A. (2021). European supermarkets stop selling Brazil beef over deforestation links. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/european-supermarkets-stop-selling-brazil-beef-over-deforestation-links-2021-12-15/
Spring, J. (2022). EU-Mercosur trade deal to clear environmental hurdles this year , EU commissioner says. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/eu-mercosur-trade-deal-clear-environmental-hurdles-this-year-eu-commissioner-2022-05-02/
Spring, J., & Paraguassu, L. (2020). Eight European countries urge Brazil to take action on Amazon deforestation. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment-europe-idUSKBN2672DM
Werneck, F., Angelo, C., & Araújo, S. (2022). the Third Year of Environmental Havoc Under Jair Bolsonaro (Issue February).
WWF. (2010). UNSUSTAINABLE CATTLE RANCHING. WWF. https://wwf.panda.org/discover/knowledge_hub/where_we_work/amazon/amazon_threats/unsustainable_cattle_ranching/