Production of Bioethanol From Kappaphycus alvarezii Algae by Using Pichia kudriavzevii Yeast
Abstract
Kappaphycus alvarezii is a red algae that can be used as alternative raw material for bioethanol production. This is because K. alvarezii contains a high carbohydrate that reaches 60%. This study aims to determine the effect of fermentation nutrition and fermentation duration of hydrolysis results of K. alvarezii algae on pH changes, sugar levels, cell biomass and ethanol content. There are two methods was used in this research, namely hydrolysis method and fermentation method. The hydrolysis method was used α-amylases enzyme which is 150 KNU/L with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% concentrations. The next method, K. alvarezii algae was fermented by Pichia kudriavzevii and used Gandasil-D® as an anorganic suplementation and yeast extract which is 0 g/L, 1 g/L, 2 g/L and 3 g/L. The results showed that K. alvarezii can be fermented into bioethanol after enzymatic hydrolysis process. The optimal ethanol content was produced at 48 hours of incubation duration.References
Arad, S.M., Levy-Ontman, O. 2010. Red Microalgal Cell-Wall Polysaccharides: Biotechnological Aspects. Curr.Opin.Biotechnol. 21 (3): 358–364.
Chang, V., Patrick, N. O., Swee-Sen, T. 2017. The Properties Of Red Seaweed (Kappaphycus Alvarezii) And Its Effect On Mammary Carcinogenesis. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 296-301.
Del Monaco, S.M., Maria E. Rodriguez, Chistian A. Lopes. 2016. Pichia kudriavzevii as a Representative yeast of North Patagonian Winemaking Terrior. Journal International of Food Microbiology. 230: 31-39.
Fayaz, M., K.K. Namitha, K.N. Chidambara Murthy, M. Mahadeva Swamy, R. Sarada, S. Khanam, P.V. Subbarao, G.A. Ravishankar. 2005. Chemical composition iron bioavailability, and antioxidant activity of K. alvarezii (Doty). Journal Agriculture Food Chem. 53: 792–797.
Gonzalez, C.F., Farina, J.I. & Figueroa, L.I.C. 2008.Optimized Amylolytic Enzymes Production in S. fibuligera DSM-70554.Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 42: 272–277.
Hayashi, L., A.A. Santos, G.S.M. Faria, B.G. Nunes, M.S. Souza, A.L.D. Fonseca, P.L. M. Barreto, E.C. Oliveira, Z.L. Bouzon. 2011. K. alvarezii(Rhodophyta, Areschougiaceae) cultivated in subtropical waters in Southern Brazil. J. App. Phys. 23: 337–343.
Jang, J.S., Cho, Y.K., Jeong, G.T., Kim, S.K., 2012a. Optimization of saccharification andethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF)from seaweed, Saccharina japonica. Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng. 35, 11–18.Jannah, A., M. 2010.Proses Fermentasi Hidrolisat Jerami Padi Untuk Menghasilkan Bioetanol.Jurnal Teknik Kimia. 17(1): 44.
Kim, S.W., Hong, C., Jeon, S. & Shin, H. 2015. High-yield Production of Biosugars from Gracilaria verrucosa by Acid and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Processes. Bioresource Technology. 196: 634–641.
Kumar, S., Gupta, R., Kumar, G., Sahoo, D., Kuhad, R.C., 2013.Bioethanol productionfrom Gracilaria verrucosa, a red alga, in a biorefinery approach.Bioresour.Technol. 135: 150–156.
Lee, Sang-Bum and Gwi, T. J. 2016.Production of Biosugar from Red Macro-Algae Eucheuma cottonii Using Acid-Hydrolysis.Microbiolgy and Biotechnology Letters. 44(1): 48-54.
Loreo, Y. C., Ferrari, M. D., Guigo, M., Fajardo, L., Larnaudie, V., Ramirez, M. B. & Gerreiro, J. M. 2013.Evaluation of Sweet Potato for Fuel Bioethanol Production: Hydrolysis and Fermentation. Springer Plus. (2): 1-11.
Meinita, M. D. N., Ji-Young, K., Gwi-Taek, J., Hyun, M. K., Sung, M. P., Yong-Ki, H. 2012. Bioethanol Production from the Acid Hydrolysate of the Carrageenophyte Kappaphycus alvarezii (cottonii). Journal of Applied Phycology. 24(4): 857-862.
Munoz, J., Y. Freile-Pelegrin, D. Robledo. 2004. Mariculture of K. alvarezii(Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae) Color Strains in Tropical Waters of Yucatan, Mexico. Agriculture. 239, 161-177.
Nicolau, A., Georgescu, L. & Bolocan, A. 2010. Impact Of Bioprocessing On Rice. Food Technology. 35(1) 19-26.
Pandey, A., Nigam, P., et al. 2000. Advances in microbial amylases.Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 31: 135-152.
Pickering, T.D., P. Skelton, Sulu, J.R., 2007. Intentional Introductions of Commercially Harvested Alien Seaweeds, Botani Marien. 50. 338–350.
Ra, C.H., Jeong, G.T., Shin, M.K., Kim, S.K., 2013. Biotransformation of 5- hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by Scheffersomyces stipitis during ethanol fermentation of hydrolysate of the seaweed Gelidium amansii.Bioresour. Technol. 140: 421–425.
Ramachandran, V., Pujari, N., Matey, T., & Kulkarni, S. 2013.Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Glucose-A Review. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research. 10(2): 1937-1942.
Ravanal, C., Salazar, O., Mäki-Arvela, P., Mikkola, J. P., Lienqueo M. E. 2016.Comparison of different types of pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of Macrocystis pyrifera for the production of biofuel. Algal Res. 13: 141–7.
Sankh, S., Meikadhan Tinru, Saurabh, S., &Vidyah, R., 2013. Biodiesel Production from a Newly Isolated Pichia kudriavzevii strai.. Industrial Biotechnology Group Reliance Life Science Put. Ltd. Nan Mumbai. India.
Vanegas, C.H., Hernon, A., Bartlett, J., 2015. Enzymatic and Organic Acid Pretreatment of Seaweed: Effect on Reducing Sugars Production and nn Biogas Inhibition. Int. J. Ambient Energy. 36, 2–7.
Widodo, P., Chairul.S. and Reni, Y. Produksi Bioetanol Dari Nira Nipah Skala 50 Liter Dengan Penambahan Tween 80 Dan Ergosterol Pada Proses Fermentasi Menggunakan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. 2015. JOM Teknik. 2:2. 1-8.
Wu, F.C., Wu, J.Y., Liao, Y.J., Wang, M.Y., Shih, I.L., 2014. Sequential acid andenzymatic hydrolysis in situ and bioethanol production from Gracilariabiomass.Bioresour. Technol. 156, 123–131.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Notice
This is an open access journal which means that all contents is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher. An article based on a section from a completed graduate dissertation may be published in International Journal of Applied Biology, but only if this is allowed by author's(s') university rules. The Editors reserve the right to edit or otherwise alter all contributions, but authors will receive proofs for approval before publication.
International Journal of Applied Biology operates a CC-BY 4.0 © license for journal papers. Copyright remains with the author, but International Journal of Applied Biology is licensed to publish the paper, and the author agrees to make the article available with the CC-BY 4.0 license. Reproduction as another journal article in whole or in part would be plagiarism.
