Kualitas Air Dan Kandungan Beberapa Logam Di Danau Unhas (Water Quality and Concentration of Metals in Lake Unhas)
Abstract
Study on several metals in Lake Hasanuddin University (Unhas) has been conducted as a basis of management of the lake as an aquaculture activity. This study was performed by sampling of water, sediment and biota, such as fish. The results revealed that the average of temperature 32.72 oC has exceeded the threshold of the quality standard. The average of dissolved oxygen, ammonia, pH were 5.8 mg/l, 0.016 mg/l, and 7.72 respectively. Consentrations of nitrate and phosphate were 0.39 and 0.28 mg / l, respectively. Concentrations of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and cobalts (Co) were not detected in water coloumn. Arsenic (As) was detected in level that still allowed by the threshold of the quality standard. Concentrations of chromium (Cr) and plumbum (Pb) have exceeded the threshold of the quality standard. In sediment, Hg and As were not detected, but Cr was detected in level that not exceed the the threshold of the quality standard. Conccentrations of Cd, Co and Pb detected exceed the threshold of the quality standard. Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) that live in the lake has been contaminated by As, Cd and Pb.
Keywords: Lake Unhas, metals, aquaculture, Silver barb.
References
Alabaster, J. S., & Lloyd, R. S. 1980. Water quality criteria for freshwater fish. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd. London. 361 hal.
Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council (ANZECC), 2000, ANZECC interim sediment quality guidlines. Report for the Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Sydney, Australia.
Barus, T. A. 2004. Pengantar Limnologi Studi Tentang Ekosistem Air Daratan. USU Press. Medan.
Burrows, R. E. 1964. Effects of accumulated excre- tory products on hatchery reared salmonids. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Res. Rept. 66.
FAO/WHO.1993. Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: Forty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. WHO Technical Report Series, WHO, Geneva. Vol. 837.
Finlay, J. C., Sterner, R. W., & Kumar, S. 2007. Isotopic evidence for in‐lake production of accumulating nitrate in lake superior. Ecological Applications, 17(8), 2323-2332.
Hutchinson, G. E., & Löffler, H. 1956. The thermal classification of lakes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 42(2), 84.
Lewis, W.M.Jr. 2000. Basis For The Protection ang Management of Tropical Lakes, Lake and Reservoir. Research Management 5 : 35 – 48
Morse, G.K., J.N. Lester and R. Perry. 1993. The economic and environmental impact of phosphorus removal from wastewater in the European Community. Selpher Publications, London.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air Dan Pengendalian Air.
Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi, and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the Protections and Management of Aquatic Sediment Quality in Ontario, Ontario Ministry of Environmentand Energy, ISBN 0-7729-9248-7.
Pujiastuti, P., Ismail., B., & Pranoto, 2013. Kualitas dan Beban Perairan Waduk Gajah Mungkur. Jurnal Ekosains, 5(1):59-75.
Smith, C. E., and R. G. Piper. 1975. Lesions associated with chronic exposure to ammonia. Pages 497-514 in: W. E. Ribelin and G. Migaki, eds. The pathology of fishes. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison WI.
Standar Nasional Indonesia. 2009. Standar Nasional Indonesia 7387:2009 [online]. http://sertifikasibbia.com/upload/logam_berat.pdf [diakses pada 20 Maret 2014].
Waiwood, K. G., & Beamish, F. W. H. (1978)a. Effects of copper, pH and hardness on the critical swimming performance of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson). Water Research, 12(8), 611-619.
Waiwood, K. G., & Beamish, F. W. H. (1978)b. The effect of copper, hardness and pH on the growth of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Journal of Fish Biology, 13(5), 591-598.
Wetzel, R.G. 2001. Limnology Lake and River Ecosystem. 3thEd. Academica Press. San Diego California.
