Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia (JSI) is a journal published by the Perkumpulan Prodi Sejarah Se-Indonesia (PPSI) in collaboration with the Department of History, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Hasanuddin. JSI was first published in 2018 in a print edition with the ISSN (print) 2621-1580 and ISSN (electronic) 3032-4564. JSI is published twice a year, in May and November. JSI accepts a variety of formats, including articles from scholarly forums, review essays, and special issues covering all fields and periods in Indonesian history, such as social, cultural, political, and economic history, with diverse approaches. JSI editors also accept book reviews. Articles can be written in both Indonesian and English. Name of Journal Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia Initials JSI Abbreviation J. Sej. Indonesia Issued Twice a year | May and November DOI 10.62924/jsi ISSN (electronic) 3032-4564 Publisher Perkumpulan Prodi Sejarah Se-Indonesia Website https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jsi/index Citation analysis Google Scholar l Garuda l Dimensions l
Perkumpulan Program Studi Sejarah Se-Indonesia
Copyright & License Authors published in this journal agree to the following terms: The copyright of each article is retained by the author (s). The author grants the journal the first publication rights with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, allowing others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship and the initial publication in this journal. Authors may enter into separate additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of published journal versions of the work (for example, posting them to institutional repositories or publishing them in a book), with acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (For example, in the Institutional Repository or on their website) before and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and more extensive citations of published work. Articles and all related material published are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. All writing in this journal is the sole responsibility of the author. Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia provides open access to anyone so that the information and findings in these articles are helpful for everyone. Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia can be accessed and downloaded for free, free of charge, following the creative commons license. License Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. You are free to : Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. Adapt: remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. Under the following terms: Attribution: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so reasonably but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. ShareAlike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. No additional restrictions: You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Sebelum Peristiwa Pemberontakan 1926: Perebutan Ruang Publik Sarekat Rakyat di Priangan, 1920-1926
In the periodization of the national movement in Indonesian history, indigenous intellectual resistance was carried out through modern organizations, one of which was the Sarekat Islam, which split, with the left faction forming the Sarekat Rakyat. This study aims to reconstruct and analyze the struggle for public space and the dynamics of ideological conflict within the Sarekat Islam organization, culminating in the formation of the Sarekat Rakyat in the Priangan region before the 1926 rebellion. The research method used is the historical method consisting of four stages of work: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography (explanation). The concepts and theories used are the concepts and theories of hegemony or power of Antonio Gramsci. The results of this study conclude that the history of the national movement through the modern Sarekat Islam organization experienced quite difficult developments. This difference began with the interests of each leader of the Sarekat Islam organization in their region, and there was always competition over the policies and strategic and political steps of the organization. The struggle for public space carried out by the Sarekat Rakyat in Priangan during 1920–1926 brought important changes to the political dynamics of society. Through public meetings (vergadering), propaganda, and various organizational activities, Sarekat Rakyat succeeded in transforming the public sphere into a vehicle for disseminating anti-colonial ideas and building popular political awareness. As a result, the public sphere, previously largely controlled by the colonial government and the Sarekat Islam group, became an arena for political contestation between Sarekat Rakyat, Sarekat Islam, the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), and the Dutch East Indies government. This development strengthened Sarekat Rakyat's influence in Priangan but also triggered repressive measures by the colonial government, including surveillance, the disbandment of meetings, arrests of activists, and restrictions on political activity in the lead-up to the 1926 rebellion.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dharyanto Tito Wardani, A. Fadhilah Utami Ilmi Rifai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Menerobos Badai Revolusi: Dinamika Pengangkatan Sampurno Kolopaking Menjadi Bupati Bekasi, 1951
This study examines the appointment of Sampurno Kolopaking as Regent of Bekasi in 1951, an important episode in local political history that has received limited attention in Indonesian historiography. Sampurno Kolopaking, previously Regent of Deli Serdang (1947–1951), was assigned to lead Bekasi during the post-revolutionary political transition, when the central government sought to consolidate administrative authority in newly reorganized territories. The appointment was not merely administrative but laden with political dimensions, involving competing interests of the central government, local elites, and national political parties. The study aims to investigate the political background behind Kolopaking’s appointment, emphasizing the dominant role of the Ministry of Home Affairs in determining local leadership. Using a local political history approach, it relies on primary sources including Dutch and Dutch East Indies newspaper archives, official government documents, and secondary academic literature. This method allows an in-depth analysis of the relationship between central policies and local responses. Findings indicate that Kolopaking’s appointment represented a strategy by the central government to ensure the loyalty of regional officials, while the aspirations of the Regional Administrative Council (Bestuurscollege van de kabupaten) were often overlooked. Interventions by national political parties, especially PNI and Masyumi, also influenced the selection process. This dynamic reflects the complexity of post-revolutionary politics, where central authority remained dominant, yet national political fragmentation limited space for local actors. The study not only fills a historiographical gap regarding Sampurno Kolopaking but also enhances understanding of center–regional relations, political party roles, and the consolidation of the Indonesian state during the early post-independence period.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Mulky Al Haramein Mulky https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peristiwa Malari 1974: Pergeseran Narasi dari Gerakan Moral ke Stigma Politik dalam Propaganda Orde Baru
The Malari incident on January 15, 1974, was a pivotal moment in Indonesian political history, marking tensions between students, community groups, and the New Order government. This study aims to analyze the factors that triggered Malari, the dynamics of student action, and the government's response within the context of political stability and economic development. The research method used is historical, with an analytical approach to documents, newspaper archives, and secondary literature related to economic and political policies at the time. The results show that Malari was not simply a protest against foreign investment but also reflected a critique of corruption, social injustice, and the political control of the New Order. Furthermore, this event reveals patterns of interaction between student moral movements and the political stigma that the government constructs through propaganda. This study provides a new perspective in understanding Malari as a complex socio-political phenomenon, while also emphasizing the role of students as agents of change amidst the pressures of an authoritarian regime.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ganda Febri Kurniawan, Alfira Apriyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Etnis Tionghoa dan Konflik Sosial di Surakarta: Analisis Historis Kerusuhan 1998
This study examines the May 1998 riots in Surakarta by focusing on their causes, dynamics, and impacts on the Chinese Indonesian community. The monetary crisis that began in late 1997 triggered economic instability, mass unemployment, and social unrest, which escalated into large-scale riots. The Chinese Indonesians became the main targets of looting, arson, and physical as well as sexual violence, leaving deep psychological trauma and significant material losses. This research employs historical methodology through four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Primary sources consist of local newspapers (Solopos and Suara Merdeka), supported by secondary sources such as books and academic journals. The findings reveal that the Surakarta riots were not merely spontaneous incidents but were closely linked to the discriminatory policies of the New Order, socioeconomic disparities, and the state’s failure to protect minority groups. After the riots, the Chinese community faced long-term challenges, including loss of security, distrust toward the government, and economic collapse. However, community-based reconciliation efforts, such as those in Surakarta’s Chinatown, played a role in rebuilding social harmony. This study highlights the importance of both structural and cultural approaches in preventing the recurrence of similar ethnic conflicts in the future.
Copyright (c) 2026 Moch Akbar Maulana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dari Revolusi Hijau ke Food Estate: Kapitalisme Pedesaan dan Warisan Dualisme Ekonomi dalam Sejarah Pembangunan Pertanian Indonesia
This article examines the long-term impacts of Indonesia's Green Revolution during the New Order era on the rural socio-economic structure, particularly in Java. Using a political-economic historical approach and data from the 1983 and 2023 Agricultural Censuses, the study argues that the Green Revolution did not merely modernize agriculture through technology and chemical inputs but also reshaped rural society through class differentiation, patronage relations, and agrarian commodification. The policy fostered a persistent economic dualism between large landowners and land-poor farmers. This historical trajectory continues in the present, especially under President Joko Widodo's Food Estate program and its anticipated expansion under President-elect Prabowo Subianto, both of which reproduce a top-down, capital-intensive, and exclusionary development model. The findings highlight that without structural agrarian reform and agricultural policy, Indonesia risks remaining trapped in agricultural involution, an intensification of labor without corresponding improvements in productivity or welfare, and recurring food security crises.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tirto Adhie Soerjo, Sari Oktafiana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Keterpurukan Penonton Bioskop di Kota Semarang, 1979-1996
This study examines the decline in cinema attendance in Semarang City between 1979 and 1996 in relation to social, economic, and cultural changes in urban society. The study aims to describe the conditions of Semarang society during this period and to analyze the decline in cinema attendance and the factors contributing to it. The study employed historical methods, including heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data sources included statistics from the Central Java Statistics Agency (BPS), contemporary newspaper archives, and interviews with informants who were involved in or experienced the cinema industry firsthand in Semarang. The results show that although the number of cinemas in Semarang continued to increase from the late 1970s to the 1980s, the number of cinemagoers tended to decline. In the 1980s, the average number of cinemagoers reached around four million per year, but in the 1990s, this number dropped drastically to around four hundred thousand per year. Various factors, such as advances in audio-visual technology, the rise of television and VCDs, the high circulation of pirated VCDs, high ticket prices, and inadequate facilities at traditional cinemas, influenced this decline. Furthermore, the dominance of modern cineplexes in the distribution of imported films and the declining appeal of national films also weakened the position of local cinemas. This situation was further exacerbated by high entertainment taxes and the 1997–1998 monetary crisis, which reduced public purchasing power. As a result, several traditional cinemas in Semarang were forced to close due to continued losses. This research shows that the decline of cinemas in Semarang is the result of changes in technology, the economy, and public entertainment consumption patterns, which have transformed cinemas' role as public entertainment spaces.
Copyright (c) 2026 Luluk Maknunah Fahruddin, Bambang Rakhmanto, Ufi Saraswati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dampak Kereta Api terhadap Pertanian dan Perdagangan di Jawa Barat, 1880-1930
This study aims to analyze the role of railway transportation in supporting the movement of agricultural products and trade development in West Java during the Dutch colonial period. This research is significant because the growth of plantation commodities such as coffee, tea, sugar, and tobacco was closely linked to the availability of transportation infrastructure connecting production centers with export ports. This study uses a historical research method, collecting data from books, scientific journals, archival documents, and other historical sources relevant to the development of agriculture, plantations, and railways in West Java. The findings indicate that before the introduction of railways, agricultural commodities were transported using traditional methods such as carts, pack animals, and simple road networks, resulting in long travel times, high transportation costs, and a significant risk of product damage. The development of a railway network connecting plantation areas in Bogor, Sukabumi, Cianjur, Bandung, and other areas with Batavia and major ports substantially improved transportation efficiency. Railways accelerated the distribution of plantation products, reduced logistical constraints, increased export capacity, and encouraged economic integration between rural production areas and urban trade centers. The implications of this research indicate that transportation infrastructure plays a crucial role in agricultural commercialization, regional economic development, and market expansion. This study also demonstrates how the development of railways transformed patterns of commodity mobility and circulation in colonial West Java. The originality of this research lies in its focus on examining the relationship between railway expansion and the movement of agricultural commodities in West Java, a topic that has received little attention in previous historical studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Kautsar Thariq Syah, Putri Lailatus Sa'adah, Yan Nurcahya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Resistance of the People of Bima against the Dutch Colonial Government,1908-1910
In 1908, the Dutch colonial government forced the Bima Sultanate to sign a Longe Contract agreement. The Bima people did not accept the agreement because it meant the pride of the Bima sultanate. This research aims to analyze the background of the Bima people's resistance, the process of the event, and the impact of the Bima people's resistance to the Dutch. This research uses historical research methods with political, socio-cultural, and religious approaches. Data analysis uses four stages: heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The results showed that the resistance of the Bima people was caused by the lengthy contract that was detrimental to the Bima sultanate and demeaned the sultanate's dignity. The people of Bima, who are known for their strong Islamic understanding, did not want to submit to the Dutch colonial system. The resistance of the people of Bima occurred in three villages, namely Ngali, Dena, and Kala. Resistance efforts were able to be paralyzed by the Dutch, who had modern war weapons, and ended with the Dutch victory. The impact of the resistance resulted in the Tureli Council being replaced with the Royal Governing Council, the Hadat (adat) Council was narrowed, only taking care of Hadat (adat) affairs in the palace and its function as the Bima Sultanate Judicial Body, Islamic Law was replaced with Dutch Colonial Law.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arfaton, Rhoma Dwi Aria Yuliantri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dampak Kebijakan Daendels dan Raffles pada Perubahan Sosial Kontemporer
The policies implemented by Herman Willem Daendels and Thomas Stamford Raffles during the colonial period in the Archipelago had a significant impact on social change. Daendels was known for his infrastructure projects, particularly the construction of the Great Post Road, which accelerated mobility and colonial control but also led to labor exploitation. Meanwhile, Raffles introduced the land rent system, altering land ownership patterns and the agrarian economy, though its implementation faced social challenges. These policies not only influenced the colonial period but also shaped Indonesia’s socio-economic dynamics and governance in the modern era. The administrative reforms introduced by both figures laid the foundation for the bureaucratic system still in use today. This article examines how Daendels’ and Raffles’ policies shaped the social structures of the Archipelago and left a lasting legacy that remains relevant to contemporary Indonesian development policies. Using a historical-critical approach and literature analysis, this study explores the relevance of colonial legacies in Indonesia’s socio-political dynamics while providing a new perspective on the long-term relationship between colonial policies and social transformation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khalisha Khalisha, Belkis Nurbaiti, Rifki Putra Pratama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The United States' Strategies to Undermine Japan in Palembang During World War II via Operation Matterhorn, 1944
During World War II in the Pacific region, Palembang functioned as the main center of oil production in the Southeast Asian region. This area and its oil refinery facilities were controlled by Japanese forces on February 15, 1942 in a battle known as the Battle of Palembang. In response, the United States planned an attack on the Plaju Oil Refinery in Palembang with the aim of weakening Japanese power through an operation called Matterhorn. This research aims to dig deeper into the Operation Matterhorn which took place in the city of Palembang. The method used in this study is a historical method with a qualitative approach. In the implementation of Operation Matterhorn (August 10-11, 1944), the United States bombed the Plaju Oil Refinery in Palembang using Boeing B-29 Superfortress aircraft. In addition, the aircraft was also used to spread mines in the Musi River, with the aim of disrupting the shipping lanes of Japanese ships carrying oil. During the Matterhorn operation in Palembang, areas such as Padang City, especially the Indarung Cement Factory, and Jambi City also experienced the impact of air attacks, because these areas were used as alternative missions if the bombing in Palembang was unsuccessful.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ardi Tri Yuwono; Helen Jayla Lansford https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mewujudkan Indonesia Maju: Korelasi dan Relevansi Pemikiran Sartono Kartodirdjo terhadap Konsep Politik Inspiratif Mahfud MD
The purpose of this study is to analyze the relevance of Sartono Kartodirdjo's thoughts in the concept and practice of politics shown by Mahfud MD. This research method uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The results of the study show that realizing an advanced nation cannot be separated from the role of the thoughts of revolutionary and adaptive national figures. Sartono Kartodirdjo has the idea that in realizing an advanced and modern country, it cannot be separated from the five principles of life that must always be applied. Mahfud MD, as a national figure who currently still exists in the national arena, has thoughts about the concept of inspirational politics that are in line with Sartono Kartodirdjo's thoughts. Inspirational politics are politics that build justice, law enforcement, equality, and choose fair and honest leaders. The correlation and relevance of the thoughts of the two figures are important to study and apply to achieve common national goals. There is a close correlation and relationship between Sartono Kartodirdjo's thoughts about the five principles of life to realize an advanced nation and Mahfud MD's thoughts about inspirational politics. The thoughts of the two figures are also relevant to the current condition of the Indonesian nation, which requires united efforts in order to realize the nation's ideals of becoming an advanced nation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sifaul Amin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dinamika Konflik Agraria di Desa Alastlogo Kabupaten Pasuruan, 1960-2024
Indonesia, as an agrarian country, faces various problems in the agricultural sector. Agrarian conflicts still frequently occur in many areas, including inAlastlogo Village, Pasuruan Regency. This article aims toprovide a historical review of the land conflict that occurred in Alastlogo Village, Pasuruan Regency, focusing on the general description of the Alastlogo Village community, the conflict in Alastlogo Village, Pasuruan RegencyPasuruan from 1960 to 2024, and the impact ofagrarianconflict in Alastlogo Village. This article uses a historical method with fivesteps, namely topic selection, heuristics, verification, interpretation, andhistoriography. The results of the researchshow that the agrarian conflict in Alastlogo Village is a prolonged conflict thathas been going on since 1960 between the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) and the farming community. The conflicthas caused suffering for the community, especially in 2007, whichbecame a historic tragedy when violence committed by the TNI ALcaused four people to die and eight to be injured. Despite various attempts at resolution, the agrarian conflict in Alastlogo Village has yet to be fully resolved. This situation continues to have asignificant impact on the social and economic relations of the local community.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lailatul Fitriyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peran Diaspora Arab di Indonesia: Jejak Perdagangan, Islamisasi, Pendidikan, dan Budaya di Gresik Sejak Abad XIX
The purpose of this study is to explain the contributions made by the Arab diaspora in Gresik, Indonesia, over the years in various fields, including trade, Islamization, education, and culture. Gresik, a major trading center on the north coast of Java, attracted an Arab community, which contributed significantly to the region's social and economic progress. This article uses archival sources and historical research with a literature review approach to demonstrate that the Arab diaspora not only strengthened global trade networks but also contributed to the spread of Islam by building mosques and educational institutions. Furthermore, the Arab presence in Gresik also left a deep impression on the area's social and cultural landscape, as seen in art, architecture, and customs. This study demonstrates that the contribution of the Arab diaspora has been a significant factor in shaping Gresik's distinctive local identity, which remains to this day.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diva Putri Prahesti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Gerwani: Keterlibatan dalam Perjuangan Gender Hingga Stigmatisasi Pasca 1965
This article examines the transformation of Gerwani (Indonesian Women's Movement) as a women's organization actively involved in gender struggles in Indonesia, as well as the impact of stigmatization that emerged after the events of 1965. Using qualitative methods and a literature study approach, this research examines historical sources, academic articles, and related documents to understand the changing role and image of Gerwani over time. The findings indicate that Gerwani initially played a significant role in the fight for women's rights, education, and gender equality. However, after the events of 1965, the organization underwent a drastic image shift, with its members stigmatized as part of a political movement associated with the G30S (G30S) incident. This stigmatization resulted in the silencing of gender struggles and the marginalization of its members in Indonesian socio-political history. This article seeks to explore the complexity of Gerwani's narrative in Indonesian history and its implications for the women's movement today.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rania Dhiyaulhaq Aisyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peran PB Djarum dalam Peningkatan Prestasi Olahraga Bulu Tangkis Indonesia, 1969-2019
This research aims to describe the role of the badminton club in Indonesia, namely PB Djarum, in improving Indonesia's achievements in the national and international arena from 1969 to 2019. Badminton has a place in society just like the much-loved sport of football. The very high development of badminton is influenced by the mushrooming of clubs and the love of the Indonesian people for this sport. From this, the problem to be studied is how PB Djarum was formed and what factors strengthened PB Djarum for Indonesian sports achievements from 1969 to 2019. This research method will use historical methods, namely topic search, heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and then historiography. The results of this paper discover how PB Djarum was formed in 1969 and the role of PB Djarum in improving quality, namely by developing management of infrastructure, players and even coaches. Not only that, PB Djarum's achievements have also increased after experiencing a decline.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahel Sabathani, Ronal Ridhoi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gerakan Millenarian di Pegunungan Gawalise Palu Pasca Kemerdekaan
This paper discusses two millenarian movements in the Gawalise Mountains region of Central Sulawesi that emerged in the post-independence era of Indonesia, namely the Panteuwa Movement, which occurred in 1952, and the Madi Movement, which occurred in 2005. This paper uses the historical method, which consists of four stages: heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The sources used include the Sulawesi Provincial Secret Archives collection obtained from the South Sulawesi Provincial Library and Archives Office in Makassar. This paper reveals that the movement carried out by Panteuwa alias Salamagawu and Arifin alias Madi was a millenarian movement, which “pointed to a golden age that said that all injustice would be ended and harmony would be restored.” Both Panteuwa alias Salamagawu’s teachings and Madi’s teachings have various elements in them, such as nativism (indigenous), millenarianism, messianism (saviour), and revivalism.
Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammad Sairin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Ras, Kuasa, dan Kekerasan Kolonial di Hindia Belanda
This article is a review of the book "Race, Power, and Colonial Violence in the Dutch East Indies, Period 1808-1830," written by Peter Carey and Farish A. Noor in 2022. This review article, in addition to discussing the book's content and ideas about colonialism in the Dutch East Indies, also reveals cases beyond warfare and violence, namely the racial concepts developed by European scholars that later fueled the colonialists' mistreatment of indigenous people. The purpose of this review article is to provide new insights into colonialism in the Dutch East Indies beyond the concepts of warfare and indigenous resistance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iqra Pandu Wijaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
History is a science that has many meanings for everyone. In learning history aims to foster a sense of nationalism and pride in one's homeland. The purpose of the study is to explain the narrative of Indonesian-centric historiography in historical novels in Indonesia. This study follows the historical research procedure with the stages of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This study shows that history has a method, namely systematic principles and rules designed to help collect historical source materials efficiently, disseminate or critically examine these sources, and present conclusions in written form to increase historical awareness. Historical awareness can emerge in various ways, for example by getting to know local history, joining a history community to find historical sources, or reading historical novels. Historical novels can broaden readers' horizons about history because they also include stories, interpretations, and experiences of the author. As a result, reading history is more enjoyable for readers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rudy Gunawan, Huriah Rachmah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Discourse of History Writing: Mochtar Lubis' Social Criticism of Campus and Students through "Tadjuk Rentjana" Harian Indonesia Raya (HIR) in the Early New Order Period
This article examines the discourse of writing press history with a focus on Mochtar Lubis's social criticism of campuses and students. The discourse of writing the history of the press is sourced from the "tadjuk rentjana" of Harian Indonesia Raya written by Mochtar Lubis during the early span of the New Order in 1968-1974. This naturally gives rise to the question of how editorial plans that became the face of a press institution such as Harian Indonesia Raya became a medium for Mochtar Lubis to conduct social criticism. The methodology employed is a literature review and content analysis of pertinent sources. The initial section of this article delineates Mochtar Lubis' social and intellectual background. The subsequent section examines Mochtar Lubis' social criticism as manifested in HIR editorials. The concluding section elucidates the discourse surrounding the writing of his history.
Copyright (c) 2024 Febbrizal Febbrizal, Abdurakhman Abdurakhman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Denpasar dari Kota Agraris Menjadi Kota Budaya, 1906-1979
It does not seem to appear that Denpasar, the current capital of Bali Province, was originally an agricultural city and was not designed as a modern city. However, the modern city of Denpasar was formed due to power shifts, the development of cultural tourism, and the circulation of trade, both regional and international, in Bali since the beginning of the 20th century. This article aims to convey the written history of Denpasar City, 1906–1979, from socio-economic and cultural aspects. This essay uses historical methods as a tool to dissect and explain the changes that occurred in Denpasar City over 60 years. The transformation of Denpasar developed from initially being an agricultural city to becoming a cultural city at the beginning of the 20th century. The colonial era was the starting point for the modernization of Denpasar in terms of physical development, but on the other hand, the Dutch, with their Baliseering policy, made Bali, including Denpasar, a living museum. Denpasar, which was initially more agricultural, with the provision of various facilities both planned by the colonial government and those that developed spontaneously, is moving towards becoming an urban society. The establishment of Akademi Seni Tari Indonesia (ASTI, now Institut Seni Indonesia (ISI) Denpasar) in 1967, the construction of the Bali Art Center in 1978, and the launch of the Bali Arts Festival in Denpasar in 1979 as the launch of the Bali Arts Festival in Denpasar in 1979 as the peak of Balinese cultural activities made Denpasar a barometer of cultural cities and Bali Cultural Center.
Copyright (c) 2024 Anak Agung Ayu Dewi Girindrawardani, Slamat Trisila https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Antara Merdeka dan Dijajah: Problematika Kawula Desa Perdikan di Wilayah Eks Karesidenan Madiun, 1742-1962
This research focuses on examining the social and economic aspects of perdikan villages, especially the problems of perdikan village people in the former Madiun Residency area. This research uses historical research methods with a social and economic approach. The relationship between kawula and priyayi in several perdikan villages in the former Madiun residency area has not resulted in significant conflict, although in practice the kwula are still charged with taxes and the obligation to work. Apart from the psychological factor of the kawula that they were bound by a relationship with the perdikan village gentry because they lived on their land, the working relationship was only between the kawula and the perdikan village gentry, not between the kawula and the Dutch East Indies colonial government.
Copyright (c) 2024 Akhlis Syamsal Qomar, Setya Yoga Pratama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Beragam Seni Pertujukkan di Era Jawa Kuno
This study reviews various forms of performing arts that developed in Java during the classical period or the Hindu-Buddhist period. This study uses historical methods through the stages of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography to explore and reveal the various performing arts that existed in the Ancient Javanese era. One of the most striking forms of performing arts is Wayang Art, which is divided into Wayang Beber and Wayang Purwa. Wayang Beber is a performance that depicts an epic story by spinning rolls of cloth filled with images, while Wayang Purwa is a performance of wooden or leather puppets that reflect mythological and epic stories. Dance is also an integral part of Ancient Javanese performing culture, with various types of dances reflecting the beauty of movement and expression of Javanese culture. Musical arts, including instruments such as gamelan and other traditional musical instruments, play an important role in accompanying dance and puppet performances. In addition, the art of comedy (classical Javanese) is also an inseparable part of the Ancient Javanese performing arts. This is a form of entertainment that combines comedy, social criticism, and moral messages. Through these various forms of performing arts, Ancient Javanese culture expresses its intellectual wealth and artistic expression, which remain a valuable heritage in Javanese culture to this day. This performing art is not only entertaining but also teaches deep values ​​and history to the next generation, making it an irreplaceable part of Javanese cultural identity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Soni Sadono, Brilindra Pandanwangi, Danil Kasputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dari Khong Kauw Hwee Ke MAKIN Boen Bio: Perjuangan Etnis Tionghoa di Surabaya Mempertahankan Eksistensi Agama Khonghucu Awal Abad XX sampai Awal Abad XXI
This study seeks to find answers to how Khong Kauw Hwee, who later changed his name to MAKIN Boen Bio, fought for the existence of the Confucian Religion. This study uses historical research methods. Source searches were carried out at the Boen Bio Library, the Medayu Agung Library in Surabaya, and the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia. Actualizing religious values through social and cultural activities is a strategic step to achieve support. An open attitude, prioritizing universal values and seriousness in supporting the achievement of integration is carried out not only for the benefit of Confucian religious communities but also to protect the position of ethnic Chinese in a pluralistic society. So in every social and cultural activity, Confucian religious communities under the MAKIN Boen Bio institution do not leave behind other elements of society, including non-Confucian and non-Chinese institutions.
Copyright (c) 2024 Shinta Devi Ika Santhi Rahayu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Historiografi Demokrasi dan Masalah Periodisasi Sejarah Indonesia Kontemporer
The periodization of contemporary Indonesian history is generally divided into three periods, namely the period of Revolution, the Liberal Democracy, the Guided Democracy, the New Order, and the Reformation. Periodization requires accuracy in determining the starting and ending points as well as consistency in the use of terms with historical facts. The Liberal Democracy in this case, there was inaccuracy in the terms used and the temporal scope that had been determined. By using historical methods that emphasize literature study, this research will explain, when the term “liberal democracy” began and what historiographical consequences there would be if that period began in 1950. From the research and analysis that has been carried out, parliamentary democracy is more appropriate to use as a periodization. Liberal democracy can be a concept that accompanies parliamentary democracy. Then the starting point of this period was 1945 when the Workers' Body-Central Indonesian National Committee as a legislative body was formed. The historiographic development of periodization starting in 1950 would miss the democratization process and the ideas of Indonesian actors and agencies at the beginning of independence, as well as the historical continuity between 1945 and 1959.
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Fijar Lazuardi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
CRITICAL REVIEW: Peasant Labour and Capitalist Production in Late Colonial Indonesia: The ‘Campaign’ at a North Java Sugar Factory, 1840-1870
G. R. Knight's article entitled "Peasant Labor and Capitalist Production in Late Colonial Indonesia: The 'Campaign' at a North Java Sugar Factory, 1840-1870" is very interesting. However, if viewed from the title, the spatial aspect of this article is very broad, namely northern Java. This does not match what Knight explained in the content section which only took a case study in Wonopringgo, one of the areas in Pekalongan. If so, Knight should have immediately said the Wonopringgo or Pekalongan area. However, if using the terminology of North Java, in the author's opinion, using more than one case study. This is because what happened in Wonopringgo cannot then be equated with what happened in eastern or western North Java. So it would be more interesting if this article used a comparison with eastern and western North Java, for example what happened in Pasuruan and Cirebon. The author uses the theory of structuralism to see an event in society as a whole. This theory makes an event have a reciprocal relationship between parts and between parts and the whole.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fajar Santoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kompleks Perairan Campurdarat: Dari Wisata Rawa Hingga Objek Perikanan, 1931-1941
Rawa Campurdarat was initially used as a fishing site before transforming into a tourist destination under the Dutch East Indies community. Tourism activities, however, had to be suspended during the west monsoon due to rising water discharge that caused flooding in the Campurdarat District. Rawa Campurdarat also functioned as a fishery, with catches distributed beyond the region, significantly impacting the surrounding communities. This study aims to analyze the toponymy and conditions of the Rawa Campurdarat complex during the period 1931–1941, its transformation into both a tourist destination and a drainage system, and its role as a fishery within socio-economic and environmental contexts. The research employs historical methodology, consisting of four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings reveal that Rawa Campurdarat underwent significant transformations between 1931 and 1941, encompassing its function as a site, drainage system, and fishery activities. These transformations not only benefited the Colonial Dutch East Indies government but also had positive impacts on the local population, directly felt through the development of tourism and the local economy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vigi Ilham Fernando, Nurul Baiti Rohmah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tengku Muhammad Saleh: Ulama Generasi Terakhir Kerajaan Riau Lingga, 1901-1966
At the end of the 19th century from the Riau Lingga Kingdom appeared a number of scholars, such as King Ali Haji, Raja Ali Kelana, King Khalid Hitam, and a number of other names who settled on Penyengat Island. The majority of these scholars are from the nobility of Riau Lingga Kingdom and are of Bugis blood. At the beginning of the 20th century, there appeared a Malay cleric of noble Riau Lingga Kingdom named Tengku Muhammad Saleh (TMS) who settled on Lingga Island, the area that became the center of Riau Lingga Kingdom in 1787-1900. This paper examines the biography of Tengku Muhammad Saleh (TMS): The Last Generation Ulama of Riau Lingga Kingdom 1901-1966. From the research, it was concluded that TMS was a nobleman and cleric of the Riau Lingga Kingdom who was anti- the Dutch government. Resistance against the Dutch was carried out through criticism through writing and also rejected positions in the government of the Riau Lingga Kingdom. He was arrested by the Dutch because he was considered a Japanese spy and taken to Batavia but was able to escape. During the Japanese occupation, TMS was appointed as a judge of the Sharia Court in Lingga. TMS's formal education is not high, but his figure is highly respected because he gave birth to a number of works, including the book Nur al Salah which is currently taught in mosques in Lingga. A figure of Hamka's caliber had come to Lingga to meet TMS in 1957. He actively preached from the islands and settled in his hometown.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dedi Arman, Anastasia Wiwik Swastiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Eksil Banten dan Terbentuknya Komunitas Muslim di Minahasa Abad XIX
This article discusses the socio-cultural life and development of the exiled Muslim community from Banten in the Minahasa Residency, which was a location for exile in line with the Dutch colonial government's policy of placing exiles from Banten in the Manado (Minahasa) Residency throughout the 19th century. The historical method used in this research is by using the 19th century Colonial Archives stored in the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia, travel reports, and local sources, especially manuscripts kept by their descendants in Tomohon and Minahasa. The findings in this research are: First, who are the figures from Banten who were exiled in Minahasa. Second, the reason Minahasa was chosen as the location of exile for the Dutch Colonial Government. Third, the form of adaptation carried out by the exiled community in Sarongsong village, Minahasa, Java. fourth, what is the relationship between Islam and Christianity after the arrival of exiles from Banten in Manado and Minahasa.
Copyright (c) 2024 Roger Allan Christian Kembuan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Keterlibatan Rakyat Kecil dalam Gerakan Reformasi 1998 di Surabaya
The historical narrative about the 1998 economic crisis has so far only revolved around the student movement and its economic, social and political conditions. How ordinary people fight for reform has not been widely discussed. This article aims to look at the struggles of the small people in Surabaya in the 1998 reform movement. By using historical methods through archival sources, newspapers, books and journals, this article tries to create a historical narrative from the lower classes. The research results show that the role of ordinary people in the 1998 reforms in Surabaya was inseparable from the student movement which was intensively carried out at that time. Small people often join by directly participating in movements carried out by students. On May 5 1998, among the 1,000 students from Unitomo, Untag and Perbanas, there was a cracker seller who took part in a speech demanding reform. On the same day, taxi drivers also demonstrated due to the increase in fuel prices which had a deep impact on the taxi community. On May 9 1998, among thousands of joint students in Surabaya, there was a pedicab driver named Tugiman who led a speech. On May 10 1998, pedicab drivers who were members of Persabaya (Persatuan Becak Surabaya) took part in a mass action at the Airlangga University Library. He shouted for the government to reduce the prices of basic necessities which were soaring at that time. The small people's actions were not only speeches, many small people also provided food assistance to the students who were taking action. One of them was when students stayed overnight at the DPRD Building on 25-27 May 1998.
Copyright (c) 2024 Fajar Santoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kekeringan: Kelangkaan Pangan dan Kriminalitas di Lamongan, 1892-1940
This paper aims to explain the natural disaster of drought which influenced the decline in the economy and high crime in Lamongan. This paper uses historical research methods which include the stages of topic selection, heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography by paying attention to the focus of the study on urban issues, especially environmental and social history. Based on research results, it is known that the drought in Lamongan was caused by climate anomalies and erratic climate change. This drought has had various impacts, ranging from a lack of water supply for agriculture, scarcity of food to the rise of crime such as theft. The efforts to overcome drought were carried out by the colonial government with the cooperation of local residents, such as carrying out repairs to reservoirs, holding prayer events, and joint celebrations to ask God for help. Even though this drought disaster cannot be avoided, its impact can be minimized with mitigation efforts.
Copyright (c) 2024 Alfin Ganendra Albar, Anggy Fitri Darmayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0