The Use of callispongia sp from Halong waters (Ambon Bay) as Biomonitor for Trace Metals Pb,Cd,Cr and Zn
Abstract
The aim of this investigation is to estimate metal concentration distribution, Pb,Cd, Cr, and Zn,in Callispongia sp, sediment and water column in Halong waters of Ambon bay. After sampling, analytical processes were carried out according to Warsidah (2001) and measure it by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy). The Results showed that callispongia sp, contain highest metal concentration compared to water and sediment that is 9.56 mg/kg dry weight (ppm) of Zn while sediment was of 0.5 ppm and in waters 0,750 ppm. It can be concluded that the role of spongest in absorbing trace metals must not be underestimated. In the future more research in this area need to be conducted so that an alternative local solution for trace metal pollution can be constructed.
References
Andrew j. Forester 1999. The association between the spongeHalichondria panacea (pallas) and scallop chlamys varza(l.): a commensal-protective mutualism.Journal Marine Ecology Biology. vol.36. p 1-10
Bell,J.J.,2001.The Ecology Sponges at lough hyne Marine Natural Reseve, PhD, thesis, University College Cork,Ireland
Bell,J.J.,2007.Contrasting patterns of species and functional composition for coral reef sponge assemblages. Marine Ecology Progress. p 73-81
Bell.J.J.,Smith,D, 2004.Ecology of sponges in the Wakatobi region,south-eastern Sulawesi – Indonesia:Richness and abudance.Journal of Marine Biological Associations Kingdom. p1199-1208
Bremer,J.,Rogers,SJ.Frid,C.L.J,2003. Assesing functional diversity in marine benthic ecosystems. Journal Marine Ecology Progress. p 11-25
Darmono,1095. Logam dalam Sisitem Lingkungan Hidup, Universitas Indonesia
Fardias S, 1997. Dampak Polutan terhadap Lingkungan Hidup dan kesehatan Manusia. Jurnal Lingkungan dan Pembangunan, Vol.11