PURIFICATION, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND TOXICITY POLYSACCHARIDE FRACTION FROM RED ALGAE Gracilaria verrucosa
Abstract
it contains polysaccharide compound. This research aims to isolate and examine the activity of antioxidant and toxicity of polysaccharide extract and fraction fromred algae Gracilariaverrucosa. The study was carried out by isolating the polysaccharide extract using aqueous 100 o C and methanol-ethanol precipitation .Purification of polysaccharide done by Column Chromatography DEAE-Cellulose and analysis polysaccharide concentration was using phenol-sulfuric acid. Antioxidant activity of crude extract and polysaccharide fraction was examined using DPPH method, and toxicity test was carried out using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The research results reveals that the highest polysaccharide concentration was fraction 7 with value of 0,267 mg/mL, and the crude extract and fraction 4 have strongest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 51,22 and 62,25 ppm, respectively. The result of BSLT assay showed that the crude extract and fraction 6 has a highest toxicity with LC50 values of 47,73and 58,48 ppm, therefore it is classified as toxic. The polysaccharide of crude extract and fraction 7 has a potential to be developed as an alternative antioxidant and antitumor agent. Identification with FT-IR shows the characteristic bands of agarocolloid.
References
Angka S.L. &Suhartono M.T. (2000). Bioteknologi Hasil Laut. Pusat Kajian Sumber daya Pesisir dan Lautan. Bogor: IPB. Cetakan I. 149p.
Balkan G., Coban B., & Giiven K.C. (2005). Fractionation of agarose and Gracilaria verrucosa Agar and Comparison of Their IR Spectra with Different Agar. Acta Pharmaceutica Turcica, 47:93-106.
Bengen D.G. (2001). Sinopsis Ekosistem dan Sumber daya Alam Pesisir dan Laut. Pusat Kajian Sumber daya Pesisir dan Lautan. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Chow S.T., Chao W.W. & Chung Y.C. (2003). Antioxidative Activity and Safety of 50% Ethanolic Red Bean Extract (Phaseolusraditus L. Var Aurea). J. Food Science, 68(1):21-25.
Cristiane M.R., De Souza., C.T. Marques., D.C.M. Guerra., F.R.F. Da Silva., Rocha., dkk. (2006). Antioxidant Activities Of Sulphated Polysaccharides From Brown And Red Seaweed. Springer Science and Business Media B.
Hernani., Rahardjo., & Mono. (2005). Tanaman Berkhasiat Antioksidan. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.
Hijaz M.N. (2009). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Karaginan dalam Alga Merah Jenis Eucheuma spinosum dan Gracilaria verrucosa (Tesis). Malang: Universitas Islam Negeri Malang.
Istini S., Abraham S. & Zatnika A. (2007). Proses Pemurnian Agar dari Gracilaria sp. IPTEKnet.3.
Maciel J.S., Chaves L.S., Souza B.W.S., Teixeira D.L.A.,Freitas A.L.P. &Feitosa P.A. (2008). Structural Characterization of Cold Extracted Fraction of Soluble Sulfated Polysaccharide from Red Seaweed Gracilaria birdiae. Carbohydrate Polymers,71: 559-565.
Mahendran S. & Saravanan S. (2013). Purification And In Vitro antioxidant Activity Of Polysaccharide Isolated From Green Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 4(4):(B) 1214-1227.
Meyer B. N., Ferrigni N. R., Putman J. E., Jacbsen L.B., Nicols D. E., &Mc Laughlin J. L. (1982). Brine Shrimp: A Convenient General Bioassay for Active Plant Constituents. Plant Medica.
Molyneux P. (2004). The Use of The Stable Free Radical Diphenyl picyrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for Estimating Antioxidant Activity. Songklanakarin. J. Sci. Technol, 26(2):211-219.
Nihiati I. A., Hertiani T. & Rohman T.(2008). Daya Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Temu Kunci (Boesen bergia Pandurata (Roxb) Schletch) dengan Metode Penangkapan Radikal Bebas DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Majalah Obat Tradisional, 13 (45): 101– 108.
Ningrum R.D., Hardoko. & Sasmito B.B.(2013). Pengaruh Ekstrak Kasar Fukoidan Alga Coklat Sargassum polycystum sebagai Antikanker terhadapViabilitas Sel HeLa. Thpi Student Journal,1 (1): 83-92.
Okay J.M. & Hamburger M.O. (2002). Screening of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants for Antioxidant Activity Using DPPH Radical. Afr. J. Biomed Res, 5: 77-79.
Santi R.A., Sunarti., TC., Santoso D. & Triwisari D.A. (2012). Komposisi Kimia dan Profil Polisakarida Rumput Laut Hijau. Jurnal Akuatika, 3(2):105-114.
Smit A.J. (2004). Medicinal And Pharmaceutical Uses of Seaweed Natural Products: A review. J. of Applied Phycology,16: 245–262.
Souza B.W.S., Cerqueira M.A., Bourbon A.I., Pinheiro A.C., Martins J.T., Teixeira J.A., dkk. (2012). Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant Activity of Sulfated Polysaccharide from The Red Seaweed Gracilaria birdiae. Food Hydrocolloids, 27: 287-292.
Wikanta T., Januar H.I. &Nursid M. (2005). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan, Toksisitas dan Sitotoksisitas Ekstrak Alga Merah Rhodymenia palmata. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia, 11 (4):41-49.
Ye, H., Wang, K., Zhou, C., Liu, J., Zeng, X., 2008. Purification, Antitumor and Antioxidant activities in Vitro of Polysaccharides from The Brown Seaweed Sargassum pallidum. Food Chemistry. 111: 428-432.
