PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE TERMOSTABIL DARI BAKTERI NG2 MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI SUMBER SELULOSA ASAL LIMBAH PERTANIAN DAN PERKEBUNAN (Production of Thermostable Cellulase Enzyme by NG2 Bacteria Using Various Cellulose Sources from the Agriculture Waste)

Authors

  • Rahmad Fani Ramadhan Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Padjadjaran
  • M. Montesqrit Program Studi Ilmu Peternakan Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Andalas
  • Yetti Marlida Program Studi Ilmu Peternakan Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Andalas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20956/jitp.v8i2.8171

Keywords:

Selulase, termofilik, bakteri NG2, termostabil

Abstract

This experiment aimed to determine the best cellulose sources from the agricultural by product on the production of the thermostable cellulase enzymes by thermophilic bacteria (NG2) and also to find out the best concentration level of the selected sources of cellulose. The experiment was conducted in two stages using a completely randomized design (CRD). In phase 1, four cellulose sources were used, namely A: corn cobs, B: rice straw, C: coconut fiber, and D: oil palm trunk, in which the replication for each source was five. In phase 2,  the best sources of cellulose from the phase 1 was used at four different levels of concentration, i.e., A: 2%, B: 3%, C: 4%, and D: 5%, in which replication for each concentration was five. The result of phase 1 showed that the corn cobs was the best cellulose source  in producing cellulase enzyme. This was indicated by the activity of 0.329 U/ml, the enzyme protein of 0.0328 mg/ml, and the specific activity of 10.165 U/mg, which were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those of other cellulose sources. The results of phase 2 showed that the concentration of 4% (w/v) had the highest (P<0.01) specific activity of 44.002 U/mg  compared with those of the other concentrations. In conclusion, the highest production of cellulase enzyme using thermophilic bacteria (NG2) was obtained at the concentration of 4% (w/v) using the corn cobs as the cellulose source.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Akhtar, M. S. 1998. Bioconversion of Cellulasic Materials by the Action of microbial Cellulases. Thesis. Institut of Chemistry University of the Punjab.

Aliman, A.R. and M. H. Bejo. 1995. Feeding systems based on oil palm by-products in Malaysia. 1st Int. Symp. on Integration of Livestock to Oil Palm Production. MSAP/FAO and UPM. 25-27 June. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Ariffin, H., N. Abdullah, K. Umi, Y. Shirai, and M. A. Hassan. 2006. Production and characterisation of cellulase by Bacillus pumilus EB3. Int. J. Eng. Technol., 3(1): 47-53.

Bai, S., M. R. Kumar, D. J. M. Kumar, P. Balashanmugan, M. D. Balkumaran, and P. T. K. Chelvan. 2012. Cellulose production by Bacillus subtillis isolate from cow dung. Archives Appl. Sci., 2012. 4(1): 269-279.

Bradford, M. M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.

Brock., T. D, M.T. Madigan, J. M. Martinko and J. Parker. 1986. Biology of Microorganism. Seventh Edition. Prentice-Hall International, Inc., New York.

Hardjo, S. 1989. Biokonversi Pemanfaatan Limbah Industry Pertanian Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Dir-Jen Pendidikan Tinggi. PAU Pangan dan Gizi, IPB Bogor.

Kenedi, D. 2012. Isolasi, Seleksi dan Optimasi Pertumbuhan Bakteri Penghasil Enzim Sellulase Thermostabil dari Sumber Air Panas Kabupaten Solok Selatan. Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas, Padang.

Lorenz, K. L., and K. Kulp. 1991. Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York USA.

Lubis, D. A. 1992. Ilmu Makanan Ternak. Cetakan ke-3. PT. Pembangunan, Jakarta.

Nelson , N. 1994. A Photometric Adaption of Somogyi Method for Determination of Glucose, J. Biol. Chem., 153-375.

Perez, J., J. M. Dorado, T. Rubia, and J. Martinez. 2002. Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin : an overview. Int. Microbiol., 5: 53-63.

Rachman, A. 1989. Pengantar Teknologi Fermentasi. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Pusat Antar Universitas Pangan dan Gizi Intitut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Ray, A. K., A. Bairagi, K. S. Ghosh, and S. K. Sen. 2007. Optimization of fermentation conditions for cellulose production by Bacillus subtilis CY5 and Bacillus circulans TP3 isolated from fish gut. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat., 37(1): 47–53.

Robson, L. M., and G. H. Chambliss. 1984. Characterization of the cellulolytic activity of a Bacillus isolate. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 47(5): 1039-1046.

Sakthivel, M., N. Karthikeyan, R. Jayaveny, and P. Palani. 2010. Optimization of culture conditions for the production of extracellular cellulase from Corynebacterium lipophiloflavum. J. Ecobiotechnology 2: 6-13.

Saliu, B. K and A. Sani. 2012. Bioethanol potential of corn cob hydrolysed using cellulose of Aspergilus niger And Penicellium decumbens. Exeli Journal, 11:468-479.

Santi, M. 2012. Pengaruh Berbagai Sumber Karbon dalam Memproduksi Xilanase Termostabil dalam Bakteri NG2. Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas, Padang.

Silvia. 2012. Pengaruh Berbagai Sumber Manan dalam Memproduksi Enzim Mananase oleh Bakteri NG2 Asal Sumber Air Panas Kabupaten Solok Selatan. Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas, Padang.

Susanti, E. 2011. Optimasi Produksi dan Karakterisasi Sistem Selulase dari Bacillus circulans strain Lokal dengan Induser Avicel . Jurnal Ilmu Dasar, 12(1): 40 – 49.

Tyas, S. I. S. 2000. Studi netralisasi limbah serbuk sabut kelapa (Cocopeat) sebagai media tanam. Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Yetti, M., G. Gusmanizar, dan Agushan. 2003. Isolasi dan produksi enzim selulase oleh kapang endophylic dan aplikasinya dalam meningkatkan kualitas pakan ruminansia. Laporan hibah X. 2002/2003.

Yetti, M et al. 2012. Peranan Enzim Pytase Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pakan. Suka Bina Espress; Padang.

Downloads

Published

2020-07-30

Issue

Section

Articles