Negara, Pasar, dan Problem Pendalaman Demokrasi Pasca Orde Baru
Keywords:
Neoliberalisme, Era Orde Baru, Pendalaman Demokrasi, Konstruktivis, Massa MengambangAbstract
Abstract: This paper tries to elaborate about deepening integration of state to neoliberal regime and its implication on deepening of democracy in domestic level. After the New Order era, the mass political identity all channeled through very limited political institutions proved to re-discover the primordial basis. Along with the growth of neo-liberal regime, changing also the constructt of the state formation by the international structures. Construction of the state as an agent of the capitalist is changing. If liberalism tend to create state as repressive apparatus, the neoliberal regime tried to construct a democratic state. Moreover, the neoliberal regime also began creating directly political identity that they expect in domestic level.
Keywords: Neoliberalism, New Order Era, Deepening Democracy, Constructivist, Floating Mass
References
ADB, 2000, Asia Policy Forum, Manila: Asian Development Bank.
Bank Dunia, “The State in a Changing World” World Development Report tahun 1997.
Bunted an Andreas Ufen, Democratization in Post-Suharto Indonesia, Routledge, London, 2009.
Christian Chua, “Capitalist Consolidation, Consolidated Capitalist: Indonesia’s Conglomerates between Authoritarianism and Democracy” dalam Marco Bunted an Andreas Ufen, Democratization in Post-Suharto Indonesia, Routledge, London, 2009.
Diamond, Larry; Linz; Juan J; Lipset; Saymor Martin, Democracy and Developing Countries, Asia Lynne Riener Publisher inc., 1989.
Dhakidae, Daniel, Cendekiawan dan Kekuasaan dalam Negara Orde Baru, Gramedia Jakarta, 2003.
Dieters Evers, Hans, “Bureaucratization of Southeast Asia”, Working Paper No. 71/1985, Sociology of Development Research Centre, University of Bielefeld, 1985, dalam Jurnal Sosiologi, Vol. I, No. 1/1990.
Global Justice Update , diterbitkan oleh Institute for Global Justice, Jakarta, volume ke-7, edisi khusus 2009.
Hadiwinata, Bob Sugeng, “From ‘Heroes’ to ‘Troublemakers’?: Civil Society and Democratization in Indonesia”, dalam Bunted an Ufen (eds.) Democratization in Post-Suharto Indonesia, Routledge, London, 2009.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung,State Intervention and Neoliberalism in the Globalizing World Economy: Lessons from Singapore’s Regionalization Programme,The Pacific Review, Vol. 13 No. 1/2000.
Jayasurya, Kanishka “Beyond New Imperialism: State and Transnational Regulatory Governance in East Asia”, dalam Vedi R Hadiz (ed), Empire and Neoliberalism in Asia, Routledge, USA dan Kanada, 2006.
Moertopo, Ali Dasar-dasar Pemahaman Tentang Akselerasi Modernisasi Pembangunan 25 Tahun, Yayasan Proklamasi dan CSIS, 1972.
Onnis, Ziyya “States, Markets and the Limits of Equitable Growth: The Middle Eastern NICs in Comparative Perspective”. Dalam Atul Kohli, Chung-in-Moon and George Sorensen (eds.), States, Markets and Just Growth: Development in the 21st Century. New York and Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2003.
Robison, Richard, Indonesia: The Rise of Capital, Allen and Unwin, 1986.
Robison, Richard dan Vedi R Hadiz, Reorganising Power in Indonesia: The Politics of Oligarchy in an Age of Market, Routledge, London, 2004.
Rueschmeyer, Dietrich dan Theda Skockpol (eds.), Bringing State Back In, Cambridge University Press, 1985.
TEMPO, majalah berita mingguan ,“Mengapa Pemain Lama Berjaya”?, Edisi 12/18 Mei 2008.
UNDP, “Deepening Democracy in Fragmented World”, Human Development Report 2002.
UNDP, Indonesia Democracy Index, Project Fact, November 2008
Word Development Report 1997, The State in A Changing World, Bank Dunia dan Oxford University Press, 1997.
