Ablasi Tangkai Mata Mempercepat Pematangan Ovari Lobster Pasir (Panulirus homarus) pada Musim Pemijahan
Abstract
Musim pemijahan alami lobster pasir di perairan Pesisir Barat Lampung terjadi pada Juli-September yang ditandai dengan hasil tangkapan induk betina yang membawa telur mendominasi saat ditangkap. Pelarangan penangkapan lobster pasir ukuran kecil diduga akan menganggu produksi penangkapan sehingga perlu dimulai pembenihan yang memperlukan teknik pemeliharaan dan maturasi ovari induk betina lobster pasir hasil tangkapan alam. Tujuan penelitian ini mempelajari cara pemeliharaan induk dan pengaruh ablasi satu tangkai mata pada maturasi ovari lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus). Empatpuluh delapan ekor lobster pasir digunakan dan dipisahkan menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu ablasi satu tangkai mata dan tanpa ablasi tangkai mata. Tiga ekor diambil dari setiap kelompok pada hari ke-1:3:7:10:14:21 dan 27 untuk evaluasi perubahan anatomi ovari dan gonadosomatik indeks (GSI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seleksi selama masa adaptasi induk dapat meniadakan kematian induk karena ablasi mata. Anatomi ovari menunjukkan terjadinya maturasi ovari yang meningkat dari matang awal menjadi matang berlebih dengan ablasi mata pada hari ke-3 setelah ablasi sampai hari ke-27. Berbeda dengan perlakuan diatas, induk betina tanpa ablasi mata tidak dapat mematangkan ovari secara spontan. Setelah 27 hari, ovari secara serentak mencapai matang berlebih yang diasumsikan karena nutrien dari pakan yang diberikan dapat mendukung maturasi ovari. Perbedaan GSI antara perlakuan ablasi satu tangkai mata berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan tanpa ablasi tangkai mata. Hal ini menunjukkan hilangnya hormon penghambatan vitelogenesis (VIH) dan terpacunya hormon stimulasi vitelogenesis (VSH) karena ablasi tangkai mata. Studi merekomendasikan adaptasi untuk seleksi induk, ablasi untuk memperoleh maturasi ovari yang singkat dibandingkan dengan tanpa ablasi mata meskipun dengan nutrien pakan yang berkualitas.
Kata Kunci: ablasi mata, GSI, lobster pasir, maturasi ovari, musim pemijahan
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