Ekosistem Hutan Pegunungan Bawah Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung: Hotspot Keanekaragaman Hayati Burung dan Manajemen Konservasinya
Keywords:
Hutan pegunungan bawah, Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung, keanekaragaman burung, manajemen konservasiAbstract
Hutan pegunungan bawah dikenal sebagai salah satu hotspot keanekaragaman hayati. Namun informasi mengenai keanekaragaman hayati burung yang terdapat di ekosistem ini tergolong masih sangat minim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi ilmiah mengenai ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati burung dan manajemen konservasinya. Pengumpulan data keanekaragaman burung dilakukan di tiga lokasi ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung (TN Babul) dan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode count point. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman jenis Shannon-Weiner, indeks kemerataan jenis Pielou, indeks dominasi Simpson, indeks kekayaan jenis Margalef dan indeks kesamaan jenis Sorensen. Beda nyata pada populasi burung yang dijumpai di lokasi penelitian diuji dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah TN Babul kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati burung, kaya akan spesies endemik, langka dan dilindungi. Kondisi populasi burung tergolong baik, meskipun terdapat perbedaan nyata pada jumlah individu burung yang dijumpai di lokasi penelitian akibat adanya perbedaan tingkat gangguan oleh manusia. Untuk itu sangat diperlukan peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang zonasi, serta partisipasi berbagai pihak bagi peningkatan peran dan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya konservasi. Selain itu juga diperlukan adanya kesinambungan program konservasi yang dilaksanakan oleh pihak TN Babul, agar kelestarian ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah dan keanekaragaman hayati yang terdapat di dalamnya tetap lestari.
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