The Potential of Native Tree Species for Post-Nickel Mining Land Restoration
Downloads
Due to the absence of topsoil, low pH, and contamination by various heavy metals, revegetation of post-nickel mining land, which is generally carried out by planting economically valuable species, is usually unsuccessful. This study aims to identify tree species suitable for revegetation on post-nickel mining land in Kolaka Regency, Indonesia. Nine plots measuring 20 m x 20 m were distributed in the revegetated post-nickel mining land at three different age categories (1, 5, and 10 years) to observe the growth of revegetation trees, which are introduced species and native tree species that naturally invade the revegetation area. In total, there were 24 tree species found in the revegetated post-nickel mining land consisting of 9 introduced revegetation species and the other 15 tree species were native tree species that invaded the revegetated area. The older the age of the revegetation, the more native plant species are found. In line with the increasing age of revegetation, the density of revegetation plants decreases while the density of native plants increases. The population structure of revegetation trees does not indicate that the species can regenerate, while the inverted shape of the population structure of native plants indicates excellent regeneration potential. Thus, the results of this study recommend making native species, including Buchanania arborescens, Alstonia macrophylla, Ficus sp. Syzygium sp. Colona scabra, Litsea sp., and Metrosideros cf. petiolata as revegetation plants in former nickel mining areas.
Adman B, Nugroho AW, Yassir Ishak. 2020. The growth of local tree species on post-coal mining areas in East Kalimantan. Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research 7(2): 83-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2020.7.2.83-97
Ahirwal J, Kumar A, Maiti SK. 2020. Effect of Fast-Growing Trees on Soil Properties and Carbon Storage in an Afforested Coal Mine Land (India). Minerals 10(10): 840. https://doi.org/10.3390/min10100840
Alessandrini A, Biondi F, Di Filippi A, Ziaco E. Piovesan G. 2011. Tree size distribution at increasing spatial scales converges to the rotated sigmoid curve in two old-growth beechstands of the Italian Apennies. Forest Ecology and Management 262: 1950-1962
Ansahar, Sitorus SRP, Hardjomidjojo H, Putri EIK. 2022. An analyses of coal post-mining land for agricultivation uses (a case study on PT ABK in Kutai Kartangegara District, East Kalimantan Province). IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 950 012047. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/950/1/012047
Bian Z, Inyang HI, Daniels JL, Otto F, Struthers S, 2010. Environmental issues from coal mining and their solution. Mining Science and Technology (China) 20(2): 215-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1674-5264(09)60187-3
Brambach F, Byng JM, Culmsee. 2017. Five new species of Syzygium (Myrtaceaea) from Sulawesi, Indonesia. PhytoKeys 81: 47-78. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13488
Chiarucci A and Baker AJM. 2007. Advances in the ecology of serpentine soils,” Plant and Soil 293: pp. 1-2.
DeArmond D, Ferraz JBS, Marra DM, Amaral MRM, Lima AJN, Higuchi N. 2022. Logging intensity effects growth and lifespan trajectories for pioneer species in Central Amazonia. Forest ecology and Management 522: 120450 (open access journal). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120450
Directorate of Open Access Land Damage Restoration, Directorate General of Environmental Pollution and Damage Control. 2016. Technical Instructions for Restoring Damage to Open Access Land Due to Mining Activities. Ministry of Environment And Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia (In Indonesia). Available at https://ppkl.menlhk.go.id/website/silat/assets/filebox/14/181101064336Pedoman Pemulihan Lahan Akses Terbuka.pdf
Gairola SU, Bahuguna R, Bhatt SS. 2023. Native Plant Species: a Tool for Restoration of Mined Lands. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 23, 1438–1448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01181-y
Ghanbari S, Sefifi K, Kern CC, and Alvarez-Alvarez P. 2021. Population structure and regeneration status of woody plants in relation to the human intervention, Arasban Biosphere Reserve, Iran. Forest 12(2) 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12020191
Hasbullah S. 2023. The reclamation of nickel post-mining land through the provision of organic matter and selection of local crops. Ann. For. Res. 66(1): 3617-3633. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajcs.2020.152.161
Haspari L, Trimanto, Budiharti S. 2020. Spontaneous plant recolonization on reclaimed post-coal mining sites in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Native versus alien and succession progress. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 21(5). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210527
Howieson J, Calmy H, Ballard N, Skinner P, WO’Hara G, Skinner L, Ruthrof KX, Swift R, Ballard V, St Hardy GE, McHenry MP. 2017. Bread from stones: Post-mining land use change from phosphate mining to farmland. The Extractive Industries and Society 4(2): 290-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2016.11.001
Hu Z, Zhu Q, Liu X, Li Y. 2020. Preparation of topsoil alternative for open-pit coal mines in the Hulunbuir grassland area, China. Applied Soil Ecology 147, March 2020, 103431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103431
Indrajaya, Y., Yuwati, T.W., Lestari, S., Winarno, B., Narendra, B.H., Nugroho, H.Y.S.H., Rachmanadi, D., Pratiwi, Turjaman, M., Adi, R.N., Savitri, E., Pamungkas Buana Putra, P.B., Santosa, P.B., Nugroho, N.P., Cahyono, S.A., Wahyuningtyas, R.S., Prayudyaningsih, R., Halwan, W., Siarudin, M., Widiyanto, A., Utomo, M.M.B., Sumardi, Winara, A., Wahyuni, T. and Mendham, D. 2022. Tropical Forest Landscape Restoration in Indonesia: A Review. Land 2022, 11, 328. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11030328
Jayadi M, Wahid Kadar, Neswati R, Andriansyah A. 2022. Improvement of post-nickel mining soil fertility with biochar and calcite. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 10 (1): 3083 – 3808. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2022.101.3803
Kartawisastra S, Gani RA. 2020. Ex-coal mine lands and their land suitability for agricultural commodities in South Kalimantan. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 7(3): 2171-2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2020.073.2171
Kneller K, Harris RJ, Bateman A, Muñoz-Rojas M. 2018. Native-plant amendments and topsoil addition enhance soil function in post-mining arid grasslands. Science of The Total Environment 621: 744-752.
König LA, Medina-Vega JA, Longo RM, Zuidema PA, Jakovac CC. 2022. Restoration success in former Amazonian mines is driven by soil amendment and forest proximity. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B37820210086. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2021.0086.
Kumar A and Maiti SK. 2013. Availability of chromium, nickel and other associated heavy metals of ultramafic and serpentine soil/rock and in plants, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 3 (2): 256–268.
Laker MC. 2023. Environmental impacts of gold mining – with special reference to South Africa. Mining 3(2): 205-2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/mining3020012
Lei H, Peng Z, Yigang H, Zhao Y.2016. Vegetation and soil restroration in refuse dumps from open pit mines. Ecological Engineering 94: 638-646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.108
Leomo S, Tufaila M, Adawiyah R, Anas AA, Rakian TC, Muhidin, Mudi L, Aprianto E, Sutariati GAK and Lumoindong Y. 2021. Recamation of ex-nickel mining soail using organis plus fertilizer to support corn cultivation in Souteast Sulawesi. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 681 012034. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/681/1/012034.
Lestari DA, Fiqa AP. Fauziah F, and Budiharta S. 2019. Growth evaluation of native tree species planted on post coal mining reclamation site in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20(1): 134-143. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200116
Li C, Ji Y, Ma N, Zhang J, Zhang H. Ji C. Zhu J, Shao J, Li Y. 2024. Positive effects of vegetation restoration on the soil properties of post-mining land. Plant Soil 497: 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05864-w
Lu t, Chen W-Q, Mo Y, Qian Q, Jia J. 2023. Environmental impacts and improvement potential for copper mining and mineral processing operation in China. Journal of Environmental Management. 342 15 September 2023, 118128 (open access). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118178
Massante JC, de Castro AF, de Medeiros Sarmento PS, da Silva GM, Caldeira CF, Ramos S, Gastauer M. 2023. Species selection for optimizing mine land rehabilitation: Integrating functional traits with the minimum set prioritization technique. Ecological Engineering 194, September 2023, 107039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2023.107039
Monjezi M, Shahriar K, Dehghani H, Namin FS. 2009. Environmental impact assessment of open pit mining in Iran. Environ Geol 58: 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1509-4
Morais J, Tebbett SB, MoraisRA, Bellwood DR. 2023. Natural recovery of coral after evere disturbance. Ecology Letters 27(1) Open Access e14332. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14332
Nadalia D, Pulunggono HB. 2011. Soil characteristics of post-mining reclamation land and natural soil without topsoil. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 7(2): 2011-2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2020.072.2011
Neswati R, Mustari AS, Iswoyo H, Larekeng SH, Lawang Y, Ardiansyah A. 2020. Post Nickel mining soil characteristic and its potential for development of non-timber producing plants. Asian Journal of Crop Science 12(3): 152-161.
Podgórska M, Jóźwiak M. 2024. Heavy metals contamination of post-mining mounds of former iron-ore mining activity. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 21, 4645–4652. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05206-y
Podgórska, M., Jóźwiak, M. 2024. Heavy metals contamination of post-mining mounds of former iron-ore mining activity. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 21: 4645-4652. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05206-y.
Pratiwi, Narendra BH, Siregar CA, Turjaman M, Hidayat A, Rachmat HH, Mulyanto B, Suwardi, Iskandar, Maharani R, Rayadin Y, Prayudyaningsih R, Yuwati TW, Prematuri R, Susilowati A. 2021. Managing and Reforesting Degraded Post-Mining Landscape in Indonesia: A Review. Land 10(6): 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10060658
Prematuri R, Turjaman M, Sato T, and Tawaraya K. 2020. The impact of nickel mining on soil properties and growth of two fast-growing tropical tree species. International Journal of Forestry Research. Open access 5 November 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8837590.
Purnomo DW, Prasetyo LB, Widyatmoko D, Rusyayati SB. Supriyatna I, and Yani A. 2022. Diversity and carbon sequestration capacity of naturally growth vegetation in ex-nickel mining area in Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Rahmonov O, Różkowski J, Klys G. 2022. The managing and restoring of degraded land in post-mining areas. Land 11(2): 269. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11020269
Santos GGA, Santos BA, Nascimento HEM, Tabarelli M. 2012. Contrasting demographic structure of short- and long-lived pioneers tree species on Amazonian forest edges. Biotropica 44(6): 771-778. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00882.x
Sing AK, Zhu X, Chen C, Yang B. Pandey VC, Liu W. Sing N. 2023. Investigating the recovery in ecosystem functions and multifunctionality after 10 years of natural revegetation on fly ash technosol.Science of the Total Environment 875. Open Access 162598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162598
Šofranko M, Végsöová O, Kalász T, Sulovec V, Beca J, Šuver M. 2020. Effect of reclamation on an environment impaired by mining activity: a case study29(5) 3329 3337. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/115097
Swab RM, Lorenz N, Byrd S, Dick R. 2017. Native vegetation in reclamation: Improving habitat and ecosystem function through using prairie species in mine land reclamation. Ecological Engineering 108(B): 525-536.
Tiebel K, Huth F, Wagner S. 2018. Soil seed banks of pioneer tree species in European temperate forest: a review. iForest – Biogeosciences and Forestry 11(1): 48-57. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2400-011
Vischetti C, Marini E, Casucci C, De Bernardi A. 2022. Nickel in the environment: Bioremediation techniques for soil with low or moderate contamination in European Union. Environments 9(10):133. Open Access. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments9100133
Vlam M, van der Sleen P, Groenendijk P, Zuidema P.A. 2017. Tree age distribution reveal large-scale disturbance-recovery cycles in three tropical forest. Frontiers in Plant Science 7: article 1984. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01984
Vorobeichik, E.L. 2022. Natural Recovery of Terrestrial Ecosystems after the Cessation of Industrial Pollution: 1. A State-of-the-Art Review. Russ J Ecol 53, 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413622010118
Wong F, Li W. Wong H, Hu Y, Cheng H. 2024. The leaching behavior for heavy metal from contaminated mining soil: the effect of rainfall condition and the impact on surrounding agricultural lands. Science of The Total Environment 914, 1 March 2024, 169877 (open access). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169877.
Yuan C, Wu F, Wu Q, Fornara DA, Heděnec P, Peng Y, Zhu G, Zhao Z, Yue K. 2023. Vegetation restoration effects on soil carbon and nutrient concentrations and enzymatic activities in post-mining lands are mediated by mine type, climate, and former soil properties. Science of The Total Environment 879, 25 June 2023, 163059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163059
Zhu D, Chen T, Zhen N, Niu R. 2020. Monitoring the effects of open-pit mining on the eco-environment using a moving window-based remote sensing ecological index. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 27(13): 15716-15728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08054-2.
