Balancing the Positive and Negative Impacts of AI in Education Through a Capacity Development-Centered Approach

Abstrak

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed the education sector. AI can be both an opportunity and a major challenge as time goes on, especially in education. The positive opportunities for AI in education are significant enough to enhance the learning process for both educators and students. On the other hand, there are also concerns about the negative impact of AI, which is a major challenge for academic integrity in the future. There is a need to enhance the positive potential of AI while mitigating trhe negative impact of AI itself. This research aims to explore effective alternative solutions to overcome the debate about the positive and negative impacts of AI in education. The research method used in this study is a capacity building approach, based on the UN SDG 2017 framework. Capacity building itself  has three levels that need to complement each other, referring to the individual, institutional and enabling environment levels. At the individual level, AI literacy and lifelong learning are vital for adapting to technological changes. Institutionally, integrating AI into education and providing adequate training for educators are key. At the enabling environment level, supportive policies and fair regulations are necessary for ethical and inclusive AI implementation in education. The application of capacity building as an implication of artificial intelligence at the three levels must take place simultaneously. The interconnection between these three levels is the key to successfully managing the balance between the positive and negative impacts of AI in the world. The results provide actionable recommendations for policymakers and educational institutions to design strategies that optimize AI's potential while minimizing its risks. By offering a novel application of the capacity building framework, this study contributes to academic discourse on AI and education and serves as a practical reference for creating sustainable and equitable educational systems globally.