PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PEMANTAUAN PERTUMBUHAN ANAK PADA KADER DAN GURU PAUD
Keywords:
Family guidance cadres, : teachers, knowledge, health promotion, stuntingAbstract
Indonesia bears a triple burden of malnutrition, namely undernutrition, overweight, and micronutrient deficiencies. The global economic crisis due to COVID-19 has produced lifestyle changes, including changes in dietary intake, that may increase malnutrition risks. The Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey 2022 data show an incidence of stunting of 15.2% in West Jakarta, well above the 2024 14% target determined by Indonesia’s President Joko Widodo in Presidential Regulation No. 72 for 2021 on accelerated stunting reduction. Various strategies have been formulated by West Jakarta’s municipal government, such as 3-month courses of nutritious food for children at risk of stunting. Available studies show that knowledge is associated with attitude and behavior. At present, however, the effect of improving child growth monitoring knowledge through health promotion to cadres and early childhood education (PAUD) teachers in Kelurahan Jatipulo, West Jakarta, is still unknown. Therefore West Jakarta’s Administrative City Health Department invited the Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Trisakti to organize health promotion for family guidance team cadres and PAUD teachers as vanguards in child growth monitoring. Child growth standard usage questionnaires were distributed before and after health promotion, the results being that most respondents were ignorant or uncertain about growth chart usage, had never used growth chart in the previous year, and had never participated in growth chart usage training. Post-promotion knowledge level of cadres and teachers increased by 55% (p<0.001). Promotional activity on growth curve usage for more respondents and in a wider work area in West Jakarta may become the next public service program. --- Indonesia sedang mengalami tiga beban ganda malnutrisi, yakni kekurangan gizi, kelebihan berat badan, dan defisiensi zat gizi mikro seperti anemia. Krisis ekonomi yang melanda dunia akibat pandemi COVID-19 berpengaruh terhadap perubahan pola hidup termasuk asupan makan dan dapat meningkatkan risiko malnutrisi. Data Hasil Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2022 menunjukkan bahwa angka stunting di Jakarta Barat sebesar 15,2%. Angka tersebut belum mencapai target yang diberikan oleh Presiden Indonesia, Joko Widodo, yang tertuang dalam Perpres No. 72 Tahun 2021 mengenai program percepatan penurunan stunting dengan target 14% pada tahun 2024. Berbagai strategi dilakukan oleh pemerintah kota Jakarta Barat seperti pemberian makanan bergizi selama tiga bulan pada anak rawan stunting. Penelitian yang ada menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan berhubungan dengan sikap dan perilaku seseorang. Namun, sampai saat ini belum diketahuinya efektivitas penyuluhan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan pertumbuhan anak pada kader dan guru PAUD di kelurahan Jatipulo, Jakarta Barat. Oleh karenanya, Suku Dinas Kesehatan Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat mengundang Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti untuk dapat berkontribusi dalam penyuluhan kepada kader dan guru PAUD sebagai salah satu garda terdepan dalam pemantauan pertumbuhan anak. Kuesioner diberikan sebelum dan setelah pelaksanaan penyuluhan. Hasil penyuluhan didapatkan mayoritas responden tidak mengetahui atau ragu-ragu dalam penggunaan kurva, tidak pernah menggunakan kurva pertumbuhan dalam satu tahun terakhir, dan belum pernah mengikuti pelatihan penggunaan kurva pertumbuhan. Pengetahuan kader dan guru PAUD meningkat sebesar 55% (p<0,001) setelah penyuluhan. Kegiatan penyuluhan mengenai penggunaan kurva pertumbuhan dengan jumlah responden dan lokasi wilayah kerja lebih luas di Jakarta Barat dapat menjadi program pengabdian selanjutnya.
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