ECHINODERMATA DIVERSITY ON TIDUNG KECIL ISLAND

Abstract

This study aims to inventory and analyze the diversity of Echinodermata on Tidung Kecil Island and to understand the influence of environmental factors on the distribution of these species. Observations were conducted at three stations using purposive sampling and belt transect methods. Quantitative data were collected to calculate diversity, evenness, and species composition indices. The study identified a total of 34 individuals from 10 species across the classes Asteroidea, Holothuroidea, Ophiuroidea, and Echinoidea. Station 2 exhibited the highest diversity, with a diversity index (H') of 1.589 and the greatest number of species, whereas Stations 1 and 3 demonstrated low diversity, dominated by the species Synapta maculata and Diadema setosum. Environmental parameters, including temperature (31-32°C), pH (8.5), and salinity, significantly influenced the abundance and distribution of Echinodermata. The relatively unstable ecosystem conditions underscore the necessity for conservation efforts to maintain the balance and sustainability of marine habitats around Tidung Kecil Island. These findings provide valuable insights into the management of coastal ecosystems and regional marine waters.