Strategi Promosi Sabun Lux di Jawa, 1929-1941
Keywords:
Java; Lux; promotion; soap; unileverAbstract
This article discusses the history of the development of Lux soap promotion strategy in Java in the period 1929-1941. Lux is one of the soap product variants produced by the Unilever company. The first promotional effort of Lux Soap took place in 1929 and continued until 1941. With the aim of increasing sales profits, Lux products were then intensively promoted through various forms of advertisements. The variety of advertisements displayed included different visual aspects, promotional strategies, and language usage. In this article, the development of advertisements and marketing strategies of Lux soap along with their impacts, both in terms of sales and social impacts, are presented. The writing of this article uses the historical method, by collecting sources such as newspapers, magazines, and books from the collections of the National Library, UI Library, and online sources. The results showed that Lux's promotion strategy, which was widely spread in various media, including local and national newspapers, caused an increase in sales and popularity of Lux products. In addition, Lux's promotional strategies such as holding contests also proved to have a significant impact on the sales of the product.
References
Abdullah, A. (2017). Ethical Politic and Emergence of Intellectual Class. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 27(1), 37-49. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v27i1.6674.
Adam, A. (2003). Sejarah Awal Pers dan kebangkitan Kesadaran Keindonesiaan. Jakarta: Pustaka Utang Kayu.
Aji, T. N., Sudrajat, A., & Purwaningsih, S. M. (2020, October). Java Language in Dutch Indies Advertisement 1930-1939. In 3rd International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2020) (pp. 361-364). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201014.077.
Algemeen Handelsblad voor Nederlandsch Indie. 24 Mei 1934. Koleksi delpher.nl.
Algemeen Handelsblad voor Nederlandsch Indie. 4 Mei 1939. Koleksi delpher.nl. Darmokondo. 11 April 1939 No.79 Tahun XXVIII. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Alkatiri, Z. (2005, April). Iklan Lampau Indonesia Dalam Wujud komik: Analisis Bahasa dan Grafis. Wacana, 7(1), 67-82. https://doi.org/10.17510/wacana.v7i1.656.
Amstrong, G and Phillip Kotler. (2002). Dasar-dasar Pemasaran. Jakarta: Penerbit Prenhalindo.
Banindro, B. S. (2011). Tinjauan Sosiohistoris Iklan Masa Kolonial (1930-1942). Dekave: Jurnal Disain Komunikasi Visual, 1(1), 23-32. http://dgi.or.id/dgi-archive/tinjauan-sosiohistoris-iklan-masa-kolonial-1930-1942.
Blackburn, S. (2012). Jakarta: Sejarah 400 Tahun. Jakarta: Masup Jakarta.
Chaniago, D.M. and Umi Rusmiani Umairah (2018). Sejarah Pers Kolonial di Indonesia. Khazanah: Jurnal Sejarah dan Kebudayaan Islam, 8(16), 27-43. https://doi.org/10.15548/khazanah.v0i0.72.
Creutzberg, P. dan J.T.M. van Laanen. (1987). Statistik Sejarah Ekonomi Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Darmokondo. 20 Juni 1938 No.79 Tahun XXVIII. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
De Indische Courant. 2 Oktober 1939. Koleksi delpher.nl. De Indische Courant. 5 Oktober 1939. Koleksi delpher.nl.
De Indische Courant. 6 September 1939. Koleksi delpher.nl. De Locomotief. 20 Oktober 1934. Koleksi delpher.nl.
De Indische Courant. 7 Oktober 1937. Koleksi delpher.nl. De Indische Courant. 7 Juni 1939. Koleksi delpher.nl.
De Indische Courant. 9 Juli 1929. Koleksi delpher.nl. De Indische Courant. 4 Juli 1934. Koleksi delpher.nl.
De Locomotief. 30 Mei 1938. Koleksi delpher.nl. De Locomotief. 20 Juni 1938. Koleksi delpher.nl. De Locomotief. 7 Maret 1940. Koleksi delpher.nl.
Doenia Kita. Maret 1938. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Doenia Kita. April 1938. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Doenia Kita. Mei 1938. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Doenia Kita. Maret 1940. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Doenia Kita. Agustus 1940. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Duke Universities Library. (n.d.). J. Walter Thompson Company. Domestic Advertisements collection, 1875-2001 and undated, bulk 1920s-1990s - Archives & Manuscripts at Duke University Libraries. Archives & Manuscripts at Duke University Libraries. From Duke University Libraries website: https://archives.lib.duke.edu/catalog/jwtdomesticads#using-these-materials.
Faber, V. (n.d). A Short History Of Journalism In The Dutch East Indies. Surabaya: Koninklijke Boekhandel en Drukkerij G. Kolff.
Fachrurozi, M.H. (2019). Politik Etis dan Bangkitnya Kesadaran Baru Pers Bumiputra. Bihari: Pendidikan Sejarah dan Ilmu Sejarah, 2(1), 13-25. https://jurnal.unsil.ac.id/index.php/bihari/article/view/867.
Garraghan, G. (1957). A Guide to Historical Method. New York: Fordham University Press.
Gartrell, E. (2016, May 24). Emergence of Advertising in America Research Guide: Lever Brothers' Lux Soap. Research Guides. Retrieved December 27, 2021, from Duke University Libraries website: https://guides.library.duke.edu/c.php?g=494860&p=3386168.
Gunawan, I. (2009). Penggambaran Sosok Manusia dalam Iklan di Majalah De Zweep/D’Orient dan Pandji Poestaka Tahun 1922-1942: Analisis Ideologis Pada Media Massa Kolonial. Disertasi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.
Hoogervorst, T., & Schulte Nordholt, H. (2017). Urban Middle Classes in Colonial Java (1900–1942): Images and Language. Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, 173(4), 442-474. https://doi.org/10.1163/22134379-17304002.
Jayusman, I, and Miftahul Habib Fachrurozi (2021). Eksistensi Kaum Tionghoa dalam Dunia Pers di Hindia Belanda Tahun 1869-1942. Bihari: Pendidikan Sejarah dan Ilmu Sejarah, 4(1), 51-59. https://jurnal.unsil.ac.id/index.php/bihari/article/view/3202.
Jeffrey, B., & Thompson, W. (n.d.). JWT History. JWT - Timeline. Retrieved December 29, 2021, from J. Walter Thompsons’s. https://www.jwt.com/history/
Kadjawen. 22 September 1937. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Kadjawen. 6 Oktober 1937. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Kadjawen. 17 November 1937. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Pandji Poestaka. 1940. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Komandoko, G. (2008). Boedi Oetomo: Awal Bangkitnya Kesadaran Bangsa. Jakarta: PT Buku Kita.
Lie, R. (2018, November 7). Sejarah Sin Po, Koran Tionghoa yang Menyuarakan Indonesia Merdeka. Retreieved December 27, 2021, from https://tirto.id/sejarah-sin-po-koran-tionghoa-yang-menyuarakan-indonesia-merdeka-c8Vq.
Linblad, T. (2008). Bridges to The New Business: The Economic Decolonialization of Indonesia. Leiden: KITLV Press.
Maters, M. (2003). Dari Perintah Halus ke Tindakan Keras: Pers Zaman Kolonial antara Kebebasan dan Pemberangusan, 1906-1942. Jakarta: Penerbit Hasta Mitra.
Mulyana, F. (2006). Pengaruh Endorser dalam Iklan Televisi Sabun Lux Terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen (Suatu Telaah Terhadap Produk Global). Tesis. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.
Pertjatoeran Doenia Film. Desember 1941. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Sin Po. 25 Januari 1941 Special Number no.930. Koleksi Monash University. Soerabaijasch Handelsblad. 5 Desember 1930. Koleksi delpher.nl. Volksalmanak Djawi. 1940. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Pertjatoeran Doenia Film. Juli 1941. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Pertjatoeran Doenia Film. Oktober 1941. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Pertjatoeran Doenia Film. November 1941. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Poedjosoedarmo, et al. (2013). Tingkat Tutur Bahasa Jawa. Yogyakarta: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.
Ramadhan, I. R. (2019). Gaya Hidup Masyarakat Perkotaan Jawa dalam Iklan Media Cetak (1930-1942). Bihari: Pendidikan Sejarah dan Ilmu Sejarah, 2(2), 48-62. https://jurnal.unsil.ac.id/index.php/bihari/article/view/1282.
Ramadhan, I.R. (2015). Perkembangan Media Cetak dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Modernisasi di Jawa (1930-1942). Skripsi. Yogyakarta: Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Riyanto, B. (2000). Iklan Surat Kabar dan Perubahan Masyarakat di Jawa Masa Kolonial, 1870-1915. Yogyakarta : Tarawang.
Saraswati, L. A. (2017). Putih: Warna Kulit, Ras, dan Kecantikan di Indonesia Transnasional. Jakarta : Marjin Kiri.
Sunjayadi, A. (2007). Awal Mula Turisme Modern di Hindia Belanda (1908-1942). Depok: FIB UI.
Suwirta, A. (1999). Zaman Pergerakan, Pers, dan Nasionalisme di Indonesia. Mimbar Pendidikan, (4), 83-94. http://file.upi.edu/Direktori/FPIPS/JUR._PEND._SEJARAH/196210091990011-SUWIRTA/q.artikel.suwirta.mimbar.1999.ok.pdf.
Taylor, J. G. (2009). Kehidupan Sosial di Batavia : Orang Eropa dan Eurasia di Hindia Timur. Depok: Komunitas Bambu.
Taylor, J. G. (2011). Bathing and Hygiene: Histories From The KITLV Images Archive, in Cleanliness and Culture: Indonesian Histories. Leiden: KITLV Press.
Thamrin, M.Y. (2013, November 14). Nyonya Tjoa Hin Hoeij, Jurnalis Perempuan Indonesia yang Terlupakan. National Geographic Indonesia. Retreieved December 27, 2021, from National Geographic Indonesia. https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/13286123/nyonya-tjoa-hin-hoeij-jurnalis-perempuan-indonesia-yang-terlupakan?page=all.
Tirto.id. (2020, December 5). Unilever Indonesia, 87 Tahun Melewati Tantangan Zaman. Tirto.ID. Retrieved December 27, 2021, from https://tirto.id/unilever-indonesia-87-tahun-melewati-tantangan-zaman- f7MA.
Volksalmanak Melajoe. 1937-1941. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI. Volksalmanak Soenda. 1937-1940. Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Wamsteker, H. W. (1993). 60 Tahun Unilever di Indonesia 1933-1993. Jakarta: Indonesian Printer.
Widiyanti, M. (2009). Ide-Ide Tentang Kemajuan Perempuan dalam Majalah Doenia Kita (1937-1941). Skripsi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Amanda Lathifah Laksmana Putri, Linda Sunarti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright & License
Authors published in this journal agree to the following terms:
- The copyright of each article is retained by the author (s).
- The author grants the journal the first publication rights with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, allowing others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship and the initial publication in this journal.
- Authors may enter into separate additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of published journal versions of the work (for example, posting them to institutional repositories or publishing them in a book), with acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (For example, in the Institutional Repository or on their website) before and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and more extensive citations of published work.
- Articles and all related material published are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All writing in this journal is the sole responsibility of the author. Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia provides open access to anyone so that the information and findings in these articles are helpful for everyone. Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia can be accessed and downloaded for free, free of charge, following the creative commons license.
License
Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to :
Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Adapt: remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Under the following terms:
Attribution: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so reasonably but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
ShareAlike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
No additional restrictions: You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.