Dampak Kereta Api terhadap Pertanian dan Perdagangan di Jawa Barat, 1880-1930
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62924/jsi.v9i1.43514Keywords:
Agriculture, Railway, Trade, West JavaAbstract
This study aims to analyze the role of railway transportation in supporting the movement of agricultural products and trade development in West Java during the Dutch colonial period. This research is significant because the growth of plantation commodities such as coffee, tea, sugar, and tobacco was closely linked to the availability of transportation infrastructure connecting production centers with export ports. This study uses a historical research method, collecting data from books, scientific journals, archival documents, and other historical sources relevant to the development of agriculture, plantations, and railways in West Java. The findings indicate that before the introduction of railways, agricultural commodities were transported using traditional methods such as carts, pack animals, and simple road networks, resulting in long travel times, high transportation costs, and a significant risk of product damage. The development of a railway network connecting plantation areas in Bogor, Sukabumi, Cianjur, Bandung, and other areas with Batavia and major ports substantially improved transportation efficiency. Railways accelerated the distribution of plantation products, reduced logistical constraints, increased export capacity, and encouraged economic integration between rural production areas and urban trade centers. The implications of this research indicate that transportation infrastructure plays a crucial role in agricultural commercialization, regional economic development, and market expansion. This study also demonstrates how the development of railways transformed patterns of commodity mobility and circulation in colonial West Java. The originality of this research lies in its focus on examining the relationship between railway expansion and the movement of agricultural commodities in West Java, a topic that has received little attention in previous historical studies.
References
Afschrift ’S- Gravenhage, 20 Juni 1911.
Alatas, A., & Sulong, W. S. W. (2020). The Emergence and Development of Indigenous Tea Plantations in West Java, 1875-1941. KEMANUSIAAN: The Asian Journal of Humanities, 27(2), 39-58. https://doi.org/10.21315/kajh2020.27.2.3.
Andaya, L. (2002). Daya Tarik Rempah. In Indonesian Heritage Sejarah Modern Awal. Grolier International.
Boomgaard, P. (2002a). Hutan Dan Kemajuan Pertanian. In Indonesian Heritage Sejarah Modern Awal. Grolier International.
Boomgaard, P. (2002b). Pangan, Perayaan, dan Kelaparan.” In Indonesian Heritage Sejarah Modern Awal. Grolier International.
Boomgard, P. (2004). Anak Jajahan Belanda: Sejarrah Sosial dan Ekonomi Jawa 1795-1880. Djambatan.
Breman. (2014). Keuntungan Kolonial Dari Kerja Paksa, Sistem Perdagangan Dari Tanam Paksa Kopi di Jawa 1720-1870. Pustaka Obor.
Daliman. (2012). Sejarah Indonesia Abad XIX- Awal Abad XX: Sistem Politik Kolonial Dan Administrasi Pemerintahan Hindia Belanda. Ombak.
Dienaputra, R. D. (2004). Antara Priangan dan Butenzorg; Sejarah Cikal Bakal Cianjur dan Perkembangan Hingga 1942. Prolitera.
Dienst Der Staatsspoorwgen Op Java. 1912.
Dienst Der Staatsspoorwgen Op Java. 1910.
Dinas Perhubungan (2018). Pengaruh Perkembangan Teknologi Transportasi Terhadap Kehidupan Manusia. https://dishub.badungkab.go.id/artikel/17803-pengaruh-perkembangan-teknologi-transportasi-terhadap-kehidupan-manusia. Diakses 15 Januari 2025.
Falah, M., Herlina, N., Muhsin, M., & Sofianto, K. (2018). The Position of Railway Lines and Railway Stations in Priangan Urban Spatial Planning in The 19th to 20th Centuries. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 28(1), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v28i1.12414.
Firdaus, Y. M., & Hamidah, D. N. (2020). Peran Dan Perkembangan Perkeretaapian Cirebon Barat Pada Masa Hindia Belanda. Jurnal Tamaddun: Jurnal Sejarah Dan Kebudayaan Islam, 8(2), 358-384. https://doi.org/10.24235/tamaddun.v8i2.7238.
Gischa, S. (2021). Sistem Ekonomi Liberal Pada Masa Kolonial dan Kondisi Masyarakat. https://www.kompas.com/skola/read/2021/02/19/171815969/sistem-ekonomi-liberal-pada-masa-kolonial-dan-kondisi-masyarakat. Diakses 15 Januari 2025.
Gottschalk, L. (2008). Mengerti Sejarah. UI Press.
Gustaman, B. (2019). Sisi Lain Kehidupan Preangerplanters: dari Perburuan Hingga Gagasan Konservasi Satwa Liar. Patanjala, 11(2), 235-248. https://doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v11i2.505.
Handinoto, H. (2004). Kebijakan Politik dan Ekonomi Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda yang Berpengaruh pada Morpologi Bentuk dan Struktur Beberapa Kota di Jawa. DIMENSI (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment), 32(1), 19-27. https://dimensi.petra.ac.id/index.php/ars/article/view/16172.
Hermawan, I. (2014). Keterkaitan Jalur Kereta Api Batavia-Cilacap dengan Sistem Pertahanan Hindia Belanda di Pulau Jawa. June 2016. PURBAWIDYA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi, 3(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.24164/pw.v3i2.41.
Kartodirjo, Sartono, Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro, and Nugroho Notosusanto. 1975. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia V. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
Kementrian Perhubungan. (2018). Riview Pencana Induk Perkeretaapian Nasional 2018. Kementrian Perhubungan Direktorat Jendral Perkeretaapian.
Knight, R. (2002). Tanaman Baru Untuk Dunia Baru. In Indonesian Heritage Sejarah Modern Awal. Grolier International.
Kuntowijoyo. (1995). Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yogyakarta: Tiarawacana.
Kuntowijoyo. (2002). Perubahan Sosial Dalam Masyarakat Agraris. Yogyakarta: Mata Bangsa.
Lasmiyati. (2017). Transportasi Kereta Api di Jawa Barat Abad ke-19 (Bogor-Sukabumi-Bandung). Patanjala, 9(2), 197-212. https://doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v9i2.21.
Masyrullahushomad & Sudrajat. (2019). Penerapan Agrarische Wet (Undang-Undang Agraia) 1870: Periode Awal Swastanisasi Perkebunan di Pulau Jawa. HISTORIA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, 7(2), 159-174.
Biro Komunikasi dan Informasi Publik (2022). Memacu Pengembangan Infrastruktur Perkeretaapian Indonesia. https://dephub.go.id/post/read/memacu-pengembangan-infrastruktur-perkeretaapian-indonesia. Diakses 15 Januari 2025.
Mubyarto. (1992). Tanah dan Tenaga Kerja Perkebunan: Kajian Sosial Ekonomi. Aditya Media.
Mulyana, A. (2017). Sejarah Kereta Api di Priangan. Ombak.
Nagtegaal, L. (2002). Perdagangan, Industri dan Pertanian di Jawa. In Indonesian Historical Studies. Grolier International.
Nuralia, L. (2018). Bangunan Perkebunan Teh Zaman Belanda di Jawa Barat: Kajian Arkeologi Publik. Kalpataru, 27(1), 45-60. https://ejournal.brin.go.id/kalpataru/article/view/2670.
Nurbaity, & Saring. (2015). Swastanisasi Perkebunan Teh di Bogor 1905-1942. Sosio-E-Kons, 7(3), 216–25. https://journal.lppmunindra.ac.id/index.php/sosio_ekons/article/view/698/610.
Pamungkas, S. C. (2021). Transformasi UU Agraria Tahun 1870 ke UUPA 1960 pada masa dekolonisasi kepemilikan tanah pasca kemerdekaan di Indonesia. Al-Isnad: Journal of Islamic Civilization History and Humanities, 2(2), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.22515/isnad.v2i2.4854.
Pangestu, D. A., & Zulkarnain, Z. (2020). Modernisasi: Sukabumi Dalam Arus Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi Era Kolonial Belanda. ISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sejarah, 16(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.21831/istoria.v16i2.35601.
Provinsi Republik Indonesia Jawa Barat. (1992). Profil Propinsi Republik Indonesia Jawa Barat. Yayasan Bhakti Wawasan Nusantara.
Ramadan, A. P. (2017). Pengaruh Jalur Kereta Api Batavia-Buitenzorg Terhadap Kehidupan Sosial dan Ekonomi Masyarakat Batavia Tahun 1871-1913. Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Rina, K. A., Susanto, A., & Sumargono, S. (2021). Runtuhnya Kejayaan Kopi Priangan Tahun 1870-1900. Journal of Social Science Education, 2(2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.23960/jips/v2i2.92-97.
Staatsblad. 1900.
Staatsblad. 1911.
Subekti, F. J. (2020). Sejarah Kereta Api di Karesidenan Banyumas 1895-1917. Prabu Dua satu.
Suhartono, & Padmo, S. (1983). Jalan Trem di Kota Jakarta 1915-1942: Suatu Analogi Terhadap Perluasan Ekologi dan Aspek-Aspek Sosial-Ekonominya. Fakultas Sastra Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Sulasman. (2013). Teori Dan Metodelogi Sejarah Teori, Metode, Contoh Aplikasi. Pustaka Setia.
Syah, M. K. T. (2025). Mobilitas Masyarakat Bogor Pasca Kehadiran Kereta Api (1915-1930). Skripsi. UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.
Tim Redaksi. (2017). Sejarah Kereta Api Lintas Bandung-Ciwidey. Tabloid Kontak. February 2017.
Tim Redakasi. (2022). Jalur Kereta Api Bogor-Sukabumi Diresmikan Belanda Dalam Sejarah Hari Ini, 21 Maret 1882. https://voi.id/memori/147709/jalur-kereta-api-bogor-sukabumi-diresmikan-belanda-dalam-sejarah-hari-ini-21-maret-1882. Diakses 15 Januari 2025.
Tim Redaksi. (2025). Rencana Reaktivasi Jalur Kereta Api Bandung - Ciwidey, Digulirkan Sejak 2014. https://garut.pikiran-rakyat.com/jawa-barat/pr-529340164/rencana-reaktivasi-jalur-kereta-api-bandung-ciwidey-digulirkan-sejak-2014. Diakses tanggal 28 Juni 2026.
Tim Telaga Bakti Nusantara. (1997). Sejarah Perkeretaapian Indonesia. Percetakan Angkasa.
Tunggal, N. (2014). Dulu Jakarta Punya KA Kelas Eropa. https://jelajah.kompas.id/susur-rel-kereta-api/baca/transportasi-dulu-jakarta-punya-ka-sekelas-eropa/. Diakses 15 Januari 2025.
Tunggal, N., & Arif, A. (2016). Susur Rel: Dimungkinkan, Reaktivasi Rancaekek-Tanjungsari. https://jelajah.kompas.id/susur-rel-kereta-api/baca/susur-rel-dimungkinkan-reaktivasi-rancaekek-tanjungsari/. Diakses 15 Januari 2025.
Tunggal, N., & Arif, A. (2016). Susur Rel: Jalur Harapan Masa Depan. https://jelajah.kompas.id/susur-rel-kereta-api/baca/susur-rel-jalur-harapan-masa-depan-liputan-khusus-susur-rel-2016/. Diakses 15 Januari 2025.
Utami, A. P., Abrar, A., & Martini, S. (2022). Sejarah Jalur Kereta Api Batavia–Bandung Via Karawang Tahun 1884-1942. Pattingalloang: Jurnal Pemikiran Pendidikan dan Penelitian Kesejarahan, 9(2), 149-164. https://doi.org/10.26858/jp.v9i2.35954.
Wardhani, W F. 2020. “Peranan Koperasi Dalam Menunjang Kinerja Petani Kopi.” Jurnal AgroTatanen 2 (2): 1–7. https://www.ejournal.unibba.ac.id/index.php/agrotatanen/article/view/597. Diakses 15 Januari 2025
Wardojo, W. W. (2018). Sejarah Kereta Api Kota Solo 1864-1930. Kendi.
Warto. (2018). Hutan Jati Berkalung Besi Pengangkutan Kayu Jati Di Jawa Pada Akhir Abad Ke-19 dan Awal Abad ke-20. SASDAYA, Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanitie, 2(2), 184-198.
Zakaria, M. M. (2017). Produksi Kopi di Priangan Pada Abad Ke-19. Paramita: Historikal Studies Journal, 27(2), 182-194. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/paramita/article/view/11160.
Zed, M. (2008). Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Kautsar Thariq Syah, Putri Lailatus Sa'adah, Yan Nurcahya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright & License
Authors published in this journal agree to the following terms:
- The copyright of each article is retained by the author (s).
- The author grants the journal the first publication rights with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, allowing others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship and the initial publication in this journal.
- Authors may enter into separate additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of published journal versions of the work (for example, posting them to institutional repositories or publishing them in a book), with acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (For example, in the Institutional Repository or on their website) before and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and more extensive citations of published work.
- Articles and all related material published are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All writing in this journal is the sole responsibility of the author. Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia provides open access to anyone so that the information and findings in these articles are helpful for everyone. Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia can be accessed and downloaded for free, free of charge, following the creative commons license.
License
Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to :
Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Adapt: remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Under the following terms:
Attribution: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so reasonably but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
ShareAlike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
No additional restrictions: You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
