Dari NIROM ke RRI: Radio sebagai Instrumen Kekuasaan dan Media Perjuangan Nasional di Indonesia, 1928–1945
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62924/jsi.v9i2.49803Keywords:
NIROM, National Struggle, Power, Radio, RRIAbstract
Anti-colonial nationalist movements increasingly gained momentum following the establishment of Budi Utomo in 1908, which was later followed by the First Youth Congress in 1926 and the Second Youth Congress in 1928. During the same period, radio, which was gaining popularity, was utilized by the Dutch colonial government as an instrument of power through NIROM (Nederlandsch-Indische Radio Omroep Maatschappij), and this role as a medium of political control continued during the Japanese occupation under the name Hoso Kanri Kyoku. This study aims to analyze the transformation of radio from the colonial period to Indonesian independence between 1928 and 1945 using the historical research method, which consists of four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this research indicate that radio underwent a shift in function from a colonial propaganda tool to a medium of national struggle and social integration during the period of colonialism and the struggle for independence; in Indonesian history, radio was not merely a medium of information and communication, but also played a significant role in the formation of national identity and became a precursor to the establishment of Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI).
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