Edukasi dan Deteksi Dini: Membangun Kesadaran Pencegahan Penyakit Tidak Menular pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lapadde Kota Parepare

Abstract

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus pose major health threats in Indonesia with prevalence rates of 34.11% and 11.7% (2023 Indonesia Health Survey). Early detection and appropriate education are essential to prevent serious complications that can reduce quality of life and increase healthcare economic burden. This community service implemented integrated free health screening services with structured health education to increase NCD prevention awareness at Lapadde Health Center working area, Parepare City. Implementation methods included: (1) comprehensive health screening (blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol) using point-of-care testing to provide immediate results, (2) staged health education on hypertension and diabetes mellitus through interactive lectures, practical demonstrations, and group discussions, and (3) knowledge evaluation through pre-post tests to measure program effectiveness. Activities were conducted from June to August 2025 through four visit stages, with health screening on July 11 and staged education on July 11 and 25, involving 40 participants consisting of Prolanis members and at-risk community members. Results showed 17 hypertension cases (42.5%), 27 high cholesterol cases (67.5%), and 21 high fasting blood glucose cases (52.5%) requiring medical follow-up, with 78% of participants previously unaware of their NCD conditions. Significant knowledge improvement was achieved with an average increase of 59.5% based on pre-post test evaluation. The activity successfully established sustainable cooperation with Laladde Health Center for monitoring and follow-up programs, demonstrating the effectiveness of an integrated approach between health education and early detection at the primary healthcare level.

Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) seperti hipertensi dan diabetes melitus menjadi ancaman kesehatan utama di Indonesia dengan prevalensi 34,11% dan 11,7% (SKI 2023). Deteksi dini dan edukasi tepat penting untuk mencegah komplikasi serius yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup dan meningkatkan beban ekonomi kesehatan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini menerapkan pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis terintegrasi dengan edukasi kesehatan terstruktur untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pencegahan PTM di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lapadde Kota Parepare. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi: (1) pemeriksaan kesehatan komprehensif (tekanan darah, gula darah puasa, kolesterol total) menggunakan point-of-care testing untuk memberikan hasil segera, (2) edukasi kesehatan bertahap tentang hipertensi dan diabetes melitus melalui ceramah interaktif, demonstrasi praktis, dan diskusi kelompok, dan (3) evaluasi pengetahuan melalui pre-post test untuk mengukur efektivitas program. Kegiatan dilaksanakan Juni-Agustus 2025 melalui empat tahap kunjungan, dengan pemeriksaan kesehatan pada 11 Juli dan edukasi bertahap pada 11 dan 25 Juli, melibatkan 40 peserta yang terdiri dari anggota Prolanis dan masyarakat berisiko PTM. Hasil menunjukkan terdeteksi 17 kasus hipertensi (42,5%), 27 kasus kolesterol tinggi (67,5%), dan 21 kasus gula darah puasa tinggi (52,5%) yang memerlukan tindak lanjut medis, dengan 78% peserta tidak menyadari kondisi PTM mereka sebelumnya. Peningkatan pengetahuan signifikan tercapai dengan rata-rata 59,5% berdasarkan evaluasi pre-post test. Kegiatan berhasil membangun kerjasama berkelanjutan dengan Puskesmas Lapadde untuk program monitoring dan follow-up, menunjukkan efektivitas pendekatan terintegrasi antara edukasi dan deteksi dini di pelayanan kesehatan primer.