Analisis Rantai Nilai dan Struktur Pasar Komoditi Getah Pinus di Hutan Kemasyarakatan Cempalagie Indonesia
Value Chain Analysis and Market Structure of Pine Sap Commodity in Community Forest Area Case in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v21i1.42890Kata Kunci:
getah pinus, hutan kemasyarakatan, pelaku usaha, rantai nilai, struktur pasarAbstrak
Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) merupakan skema yang bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat lokal dan memberikan akses dalam mengelola kawasan hutan lindung/produksi. Komoditi getah pinus menjadi salah satu sumber mata pencaharian bagi masyarakat di dalam kawasan HKm Cempalagie dengan memanfaatkan akses yang ada. Analisis rantai nilai menjadi sangat penting untuk mengetahui pelaku usaha komoditi getah pinus yang ada di dalam rantai pemasaran dari hulu hingga ke hilir yaitu dari berbentuk bahan baku hingga menjadi sebuah produk melalui metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil analisis rantai nilai kemudian akan menunjukkan struktur pasar berupa tipe atau jenis pasar, jumlah penjual dan pembeli, diferensiasi produk, hambatan masuk, struktur biaya serta konglomerasi yang terbentuk di setiap rantai. Jumlah responden dipilih sebanyak 30 kepala keluarga secara sensus berdasarkan responden yang bekerja sebagai petani penyadap getah pinus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaku usaha komoditi getah pinus terdiri dari petani penyadap, pedagang pengumpul serta pedagang besar atau industri pengolahan getah pinus yang di dalamnya terjadi proses aliran barang, informasi, dan uang serta memasarkan getah pinus dan produk getah pinus berupa gondorukem, terpentin, alpha pinene dan delta carene sampai ke pasar internasional yaitu negara India, Vietnam dan Cina.
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