Sifat Tanah dan Pola Curah Hujan pada Perkebunan Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) di Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara
Soil Properties and Rainfall Regimes in Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) Plantations in Mandailing Natal, North Sumatra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v22i1.49583Kata Kunci:
Budidaya Kayu Manis, Cinnamomum burmannii, Curah Hujan, Kesuburan Tanah, Pengelolaan TanahAbstrak
Budidaya berkelanjutan Cinnamomum burmannii di wilayah tropis memerlukan pemahaman mendalam mengenai sifat tanah dan pola curah hujan, karena faktor-faktor ini sangat memengaruhi ketersediaan nutrien, pertumbuhan tanaman, dan produktivitas jangka panjang. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi karakteristik tanah dan kondisi iklim di Desa Sawahan, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, untuk menilai kesesuaiannya dalam budidaya C. burmannii. Sampel tanah dianalisis untuk sifat fisik dan kimia, termasuk karbon organik, nitrogen total, fosfor, kalium, pH, aluminium dapat ditukar, makro dan mikronutrien, serta tekstur tanah. Data curah hujan selama 25 tahun juga dianalisis untuk memahami ketersediaan air dan pengaruhnya terhadap kesuburan tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah memiliki kandungan bahan organik dan nutrien yang moderat, pH sedikit asam hingga netral, tidak terdapat toksisitas aluminium dapat ditukar, serta tekstur berpasir-lom yang mendukung drainase dan pertumbuhan akar. Wilayah ini menerima curah hujan tinggi dan merata, yang mendukung perkembangan tanaman tahunan namun dapat meningkatkan pencucian nutrien pada tanah berpasir. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Desa Sawahan memiliki kondisi yang kondusif untuk budidaya C. burmannii, dengan catatan penerapan praktik pengelolaan tanah yang berkelanjutan, seperti penambahan bahan organik, pemupukan seimbang, dan pengendalian erosi. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya integrasi analisis tanah dan iklim untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kayu manis dan menyediakan data dasar untuk perencanaan pengelolaan lahan dan sistem agroforestri di daerah tropis.
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