Pengaruh Pakan Subtitusi Berbasis Kacang-Kacangan Terhadap Konsumsi Lebah Tetragonula biroi pada Masa Kekurangan Pakan Serbuk Sari
Effect of Legume-Based Substitute Feed on The Consumption of Tetragonula Biroi Bees During Pollen Deficiency Periods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v22i2.50107Kata Kunci:
Kacang-Kacangan, Lebah Tanpa Sengat, Meliponikultur, Pakan Subtitusi, Tetragonula biroiAbstrak
Keterbatasan ketersediaan serbuk sari pada masa paceklik menjadi kendala utama yang menurunkan konsumsi pakan lebah Tetragonula biroi. Ketersediaan serbuk sari alami sering menurun selama musim kemarau, sehingga membatasi produktivitas dan perkembangan koloni lebah tanpa sengat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengganti serbuk sari berbasis kacang-kacangan terhadap konsumsi pakan dan perkembangan koloni T. biroi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada meliponikultur di Kelurahan Baranti, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, pada November 2024, menggunakan total 12 koloni lebah dengan durasi 9 hari. Percobaan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Konsumsi pakan dan peningkatan berat sarang dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians (ANOVA) dengan signifikansi (p<0,05), diikuti oleh uji rentang berganda Duncan (DMRT). Perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) pada konsumsi pakan hanya terdapat pada kacang merah dibandingkan dengan pengganti lainnya (kacang hijau, kedelai, dan kontrol). Pakan yang memiliki nilai tertinggi pada tingkat konsumsi terdapat pada tepung kacang merah (2,10±0,12 g per koloni setiap tiga hari), begitupun dengan pertambahan berat sarang (126±5,44 g per koloni setiap tiga hari). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengganti serbuk sari berbasis kacang-kacangan, terutama tepung kacang merah, dapat mendukung perkembangan koloni selama periode kelangkaan serbuk sari alami. Secara praktis, substitusi pakan ini menawarkan pilihan tambahan untuk pengelolaan budidaya lebah T. biroi selama kekurangan serbuk sari musiman.
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