Hamas Counter-Propaganda Strategy in the Israel-Palestine Conflict Between 2014 and 2023

Abstract

There is no sign yet that the Israeli-Palestinian war will end completely. In recent years, the two sides—Israel and Hamas—have been aggressively attacking each other. One of their war strategies is to use propaganda or manipulate public opinion to gain support from various parties. This research aims to find out what Israeli propaganda looks like and how Hamas's counter-propaganda strategy in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has changed from 2014 to 2023. In addition, this study will look at the impact of the counter-propaganda strategy. The research used a qualitative approach, with data collected through library research. The results showed that there were six Hamas counter-propaganda strategies throughout the 2014-2023 conflict, namely 1) resistance through alternative media; 2) dissemination of video documentation on the battlefield; 3) dissemination of official statements; 4) emphasis on the impact of war; 5) counterpropaganda through prisoners of war; and 6) claiming war victory. Hamas' six counter-propaganda strategies have been very effective. Hamas was able to gain international support, such as with the emergence of protests against Israel and the condemnation caused by various countries against Israel. This strategy reflects Hamas' total victory in international politics. Hamas also managed to gain the support of local communities and regional actors, such as Iran, Qatar, Turkey, Hezbollah, and the Houthis, either for political support or even financial support and weapons. Finally, the impact of this effectiveness can also be seen in the social and psychological conditions of Israeli society due to this counter-propaganda.