Analisis Persepsi Dampak Limbah Tambak Udang Terhadap Pendapatan Nelayan Skala Kecil Di Kecamatan Mallusetasi, Kabupaten Barru

Adi Zulkarnaen; La Ode Muhammad Iksan Yusuf; Achmad Husein Nyompa

doi:10.35911/torani.v9i1.47126

Authors

Adi Zulkarnaen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Negeri Makassar
La Ode Muhammad Iksan Yusuf Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Negeri Makassar
Achmad Husein Nyompa Shrimp Club Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35911/torani.v9i1.47126

Keywords:

Fishermen's perceptions, impact of pond waste, small-scale fishermen's income, traditional capture fisheries, coastal environment

Abstract

Small-scale fisheries play a strategic role in the blue economy and food security in coastal regions. In Mallusetasi District, fishers still rely on traditional and environmentally friendly fishing gear, yet they remain vulnerable to changes in coastal ecosystems, including shrimp farming activities. This study aims to analyze the perceptions of small-scale fishers regarding the impact of shrimp pond waste on their income. A total of 40 respondents were selected through purposive sampling, and data were analyzed using a Likert scale and Spearman correlation. The Likert scale analysis produced a total score of 552, indicating that fishers perceive a decline in catch volume and income due to waste discharge and expansion of shrimp farms. However, the Spearman correlation test revealed no statistically significant relationship between shrimp farming activities and the income of small-scale fishers. These findings indicate a discrepancy between environmental perceptions and actual economic conditions, suggesting that fishers are able to adapt and maintain their income through various coping strategies. Further investigation is required to better understand the socio-economic adaptation dynamics of small-scale fishers amid the pressures of coastal aquaculture activities.

References

Aini, M., & Parmi, H. J. (2022). Analisis Tingkat Pencemaran Tambak Udang di Sekitar Perairan Laut Desa Padak Guar Kecamatan Sambelia Kabupaten Lombok Timur. AQUACOASTMARINE: Journal of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, 1(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.32734/jafs.v1i2.9025

Aktar, A., Hasan, J., Mim, T. R., Rahman, M. L., Haque, F., & Ahsan, M. E. (2025). Heavy Metals Contamination in Rohu (Labeo rohita) from Fish Ponds of Mymensingh and Cumilla Regions in Bangladesh. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 23(2), 269–280. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v23i2.82597.

Basurto, X., Gutierrez, N. L., Franz, N., Mancha-Cisneros, M. del M., Gorelli, G., Aguión, A., Funge-Smith, S., Harper, S., Mills, D. J., Nico, G., Tilley, A., Vannuccini, S., Virdin, J., Westlund, L., Allison, E. H., Anderson, C. M., Baio, A., Cinner, J., Fabinyi, M., … H. Thilsted, S. (2025). Illuminating the multidimensional contributions of small-scale fisheries. Nature, 637(8047), 875–884. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08448-z.

Becker, G. S. (1993). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education (2nd ed.). Chicago: National Bureau of Economic Research; distributed by Columbia University Press.

Birkan, R., & Öndes, F. (2020). Socio-economic characteristics of small-scale fisheries in the Aegean Sea, Turkey (Eastern mediterranean). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 50, 257–268. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIEP/02840.

Bjørkan, M., & Eilertsen, S. M. (2020). Local perceptions of aquaculture: A case study on legitimacy from northern Norway. Ocean and Coastal Management, 195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105276.

Byabasaija, S., Limuwa, M., & Semyalo, R. (2025). Optimizing small-scale aquaculture systems in the Lake Victoria Basin Uganda through analysis of profitability drivers. Discover Sustainability, 6(1), 768. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01706-8

Byabasaija, S., Limuwa, M., & Semyalo, R. (2025). Unlocking potential: an assessment of small-scale aquaculture viability in the Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda. Discover Agriculture, 3(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44279-025-00185-9

Cinti, A., Ramirez, L., Castrejón, M., Aburto, J. A., Loto, L., Fulton, S., Rueda, M., Schiavetti, A., Fernández-Rivera Melo, F. J., Bravo, M., Alarcon, D. T., Araújo, V. P., & Parma, A. M. (2025). Small-scale fisheries in ecologically sensitive areas in Latin America and the Caribbean: Do marine protected areas benefit fisheries governance? Ambio, 54(1), 20–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-024-02062-z.

Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity, Youth & Crisis. New York: W. W. Norton & Company

Garland, R. (1991). The mid-point on a rating scale: Is it desirable? Marketing Bulletin, 2, 66–70.

Garlock, T. M., Asche, F., Anderson, J. L., Eggert, H., Anderson, T. M., Che, B., Chávez, C. A., Chu, J., Chukwuone, N., Dey, M. M., Fitzsimmons, K., Flores, J., Guillen, J., Kumar, G., Liu, L., Llorente, I., Nguyen, L., Nielsen, R., Pincinato, R. B. M., Tveteras, R. (2024). Environmental, economic, and social sustainability in aquaculture: the aquaculture performance indicators. Nature Communications, 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49556-8

Goode, W. J. (1963). World Revolution and Family Patterns. New York: Free Press of Glencoe.

Handayati, P., Nasih, A. M., Susilowati, I., Idris, Nayak, P. K., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2025). From vulnerable to resilience: an assessment of small-scale fisheries livelihood in South Malang of Indonesia. Discover Sustainability, 6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-00810-z.

Haque, A. B. M. M., Khan, Md. A., Hossain, M. M., Hossain, Md. E., Nahiduzzaman, Md., & Islam, M. S. (2025). Improved aquaculture management practices and its impact on small-scale rural aquaculture farmers in Bangladesh. Aquaculture, 594, 741459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741459.

Imbwae, I., Aswani, S., & Sauer, W. (2025). Enhancing the livelihood of small-scale fishers in the context of vulnerability. Marine Policy, 177, 106690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106690.

Imelda, Dolorosa, E., & Hidayat, R. (2025). Risk management in fisheries: perception, mitigation, and benefits for small-scale fisheries performance. AACL Bioflux, 18(3), 1191–1206.

Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Barru. (2024). Kabupaten Barru Dalam Angka. Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Barru, 1–378.

Karim, M. R., Ahasan, S. M. N., & Ashik Ur Rahman, M. (2025). Social‐Ecological Dynamics of Sustainable Small‐Scale Fisheries Management in the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest Region, Bangladesh. Fisheries Management and Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12798.

Kebir, Z., Hausner, V. H., Murguzur, F. J. A., Ommundsen, V. L., & Lennert, A. E. (2025). Assessing the role of kelp for small‐scale fisheries by combining fishers’ knowledge of spawning locations with modelled kelp distribution. People and Nature. https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.70065.

Kecamatan Mallusetasi Dalam Angka 2024. (2024). Kecamatan Mallusetasi Dalam Angka 2024. XV, 1–160.

Mahmuda, R., Aritonang, D., Evitrisna, & Harefa, M. S. (2023). Mengatasi Dalam Rehabilitasi di Kawasan Mangrove di Paluh Marbau, Tanjung Rejo, Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Disiplin Indonesia, 2(E-ISSN : 2809-1612, P-ISSN : 2809-1620), 553–565.

Mardjudo, A., Abadiah, A. K., Usman, H., & Madinawati, M. (2025). Empowerment of Small-Scale Fishermen in Labuan Salumbone Village, Labuan Sub-District, Donggala District. Mattawang: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 6(1), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.mattawang3723.

Mustafa, A., Paena, M., Athirah, A., Ratnawati, E., Asaf, R., Suwoyo, H. S., Sahabuddin, S., Hendrajat, E. A., Kamaruddin, K., Septiningsih, E., Sahrijanna, A., Marzuki, I., & Nisaa, K. (2022). Temporal and Spatial Analysis of Coastal Water Quality to Support Application of Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Intensive Pond Technology. Sustainability, 14(5), 2659. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052659

Nair, N. V., & Nayak, P. K. (2023). Exploring Water Quality as a Determinant of Small-Scale Fisheries Vulnerability. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 15). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713238.

Nugroho, D., Afiati, N., Purnomo, P. W., Ayuningrum, D., & Jati, O. E. (2024). Tingkat Sensitivitas Ekosistem Terumbu Karang oleh Buangan Limbah Tambak Udang (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Pesisir Pantai Legon Boyo, Karimunjawa. Jurnal Pasir Laut, 8(2), 114–122. https://doi.org/10.14710/jpl.2024.65553

Perez, K. A. T., de Jesus, T. B., Villa, P. M., & Mattos e Silva, G. O. (2025). Geochemical dynamics of coastal environments with shrimp farming activities in southern Bahia, Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 213, 117626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117626.

Puteri, I., Yunus, L., & Limi, M. A. (2024). Persepsi Petambak Udang Terhadap Rencana Kawasan Budidaya Udang Terintegrasi di Desa Lamanu Kecematan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna. Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(3), 3021–3034.

Rachman, F., Huang, J., & Suadi. (2025). Assessing the dynamics of small-scale coastal fisheries using public participatory GIS with structural equation model for fisheries management in Jakarta’s coastal area, Indonesia. Ocean & Coastal Management, 262, 107575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107575

Ravanipour, M., Bagherzadeh, R., & Mahvi, A. H. (2021). Fish and shrimp waste management at household and market in Bushehr, Iran. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 23(4), 1394–1403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-021-01219-2.

Rey-Valette, H., Blayac, T., & Salles, J.-M. (2022). Evaluating the contribution of nature to well-being: The case of ecosystem services related to fish-farming ponds in France. Ecological Economics, 191, 107217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107217

Santuso, S., & Sukarno, S. (2025). Criticism and Satire in the Comic Strip @komik.grontol on Instagram Related to Indonesian Government Policies (A Pragmatic Semiotic Study). The Eastasouth Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 2(3), 412–424. https://doi.org/10.58812/esssh.v2i03.

Schleicher, J., van Soesbergen, A., Schaafsma, M., Dyngeland, C., Oldekop, J. A., Maioli, V., Latawiec, A. E., & Vira, B. (2025). Where Nature and Poverty Meet: Developing a Multidimensional Environment-Poverty Measure. Journal of Development Studies, 61, 869–889. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2024.2434248

Sintawati, D., Zuhairo, H., Nabila Latifah, N., & Rahayu, R. (2024). Analisis Dampak Tambak Udang pada Ekosistem Laut di Kebumen. Jurnal Ekologi, Masyarakat Dan Sains, 5(1), 109–113. https://doi.org/10.55448/cqjbhv46.

Sitanggang, M., Bobby, S., Sihombing, F., Lumban, P., Gandaseca, S., & Ismail, M. H. (2025). Global Forest Journal. 03(02), 150–161.

Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian: Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Cetakan ke-26). Bandung: CV. Alfabeta

Telaumbanua, M. (2025). Pengaruh Oksigen Terlarut (DO) Dalam Budidaya Perairan. PERAUT: Jurnal Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 2(1), 200–205.

Ulfiah, A. S., Darmawan, & Nurhedah. (2024). Pengaruh Biaya Produksi Terhadap Pendapatan Nelayan Ikan Asin (Desa Kupa, Kecamatan Mallusetasi, Kabupaten Barru). Integrated and Sustainable Agriculture, 1(1), 34–40.

Wang, N., Li, J.-M., & Zhou, Y.-F. (2024). Mechanism of action of marine ecological restoration on ecological, economic, and social benefits—An empirical analysis based on a structural equation model. Ocean & Coastal Management, 248, 106950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106950.

Yang, Y., Li, Z., Zhou, N., Lin, Y., Sheng, Q., Thiri, M., & Wang, Y. (2025). Analysis of the causes of N/P imbalance in mangrove water caused by high elevation shrimp ponds. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 17424. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02440-x.

Yuan, B., Tu, J., & Li, Z. (2025). Impacts of climate change on mariculture in coastal China: Spatial reconfiguration and structural adaptation. Aquaculture, 609, 742874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742874.

Yusuf, L. O. M. I., Ismail, A., & Nuva, N. (2023). Evaluasi Status Keberlanjutan Budidaya Rumput Laut Di Kecamatan Pasikolaga Kabupaten Muna (Pendekatan Rapfish- Multi Dimensional Scaling). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 21(1), 150–158. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.21.1.150-158.

Zhang, L., Ma, S., Tang, Y., Zhou, Y., & Wu, Q. (2025). Acceptance of the summer fishing moratorium among small-scale fishers in China. Marine Policy, 173, 106556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106556.