EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN TERAPI ANTIBIOTIK EMPIRIS TERHADAP LUARAN KLINIS PASIEN PNEUMONIA KOMUNITAS RAWAT INAP
Keywords:
Antibiotik empiris, Pneumonia komunitas, ATC/DDD, Metode Gyssens, Antibiotik empiris, pneumonia komunitas, ATC/DDD, metode Gyssens.Abstract
Pneumonia komunitas merupakan penyakit infeksi pada parenkim paru-paru yang mengancam jiwa sehingga dapat diberikan terapi antibiotik empiris. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui nilai DDD dan kualitas penggunaan terapi antibiotik empiris menggunakan metode Gyssens pada pasien pneumonia komunitas rawat inap serta hubungannya terhadap luaran klinis pasien di RSUD Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien usia >19 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi periode Januari 2018-Desember 2019. Dikumpulkan data karakterisik pasien, pengobatan dan luaran klinis pasien setelah pemberian antibiotik. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan dilanjutkan uji Chi square untuk menganalisis hubungan penggunaan antibiotik dengan luaran klinis pasien. Karakteristik pasien yang beresiko yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, jumlah obat dan komorbid turut dianalisis. Hasil evaluasi kuantitatif antibiotik bahwa seftriakson memiliki DDD tertinggi yaitu 44,9 DDD/100 patient-days, pada evaluasi kualitatif dari 74 sampel sebanyak 14 pasien (18,9%) memenuhi kategori ketepatan pemberian antibiotik (kategori 0) dan ketidaktepatan pemberian antibiotik pada kategori IVa sebanyak 50 pasien (67,6%), kategori IVb sebanyak 9 pasien (12,2%) dan kategori IIa sebanyak 1 pasien (1,4%). Uji chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara jumlah dan ketepatan penggunaan terapi antibiotik empiris terhadap luaran klinis pasien pneumonia komunitas pada periode Januari 2018-Desember 2019. Pasien yang memiliki komorbid baik yang berkategori infeksi maupun kategori infeksi dan non infeksi merupakan faktor resiko yang memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan luaran klinis pasien pada periode tersebut.
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