KERAGAMAN GENETIK BERDASARKAN MARKA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA DARI Punica granatum L. DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERINYA TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphyloccocus aureus DAN Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Keywords:
Daun Delima (Punica granatum L), Antibakteri, RAPD, Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Daun Delima (Punica granatum L), Antibakteri, RAPD, Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Abstract
Delima (Punica granatum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang digunakan sebagai obat. P. granatum mempunyai berbagai khasiat, salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Adanya efek antibakteri pada P. granatum karena mengandung senyawa antibakteri seperti, fenolik, flavonoid, dan tannin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun P. granatum var Album, P. granatum var Nana dan P. granatum var Saveh Black terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC 9027 serta mengetahui tingkat kekerabatan dan keragaman geneticnya. Ekstrasi yang digunakan yaitu metode maserasi menggunakan etil asetat, etanol 96, 70, dan 30%. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak etanol 96% P. grantum dan ekstrak etanol 70% P. granatum memiliki aktivitas penghambatan terhadap bakteri S. aureus dan bakteri P. aeruginosa, sementara ekstrak etil asetat P. granatum memiliki aktivitas penghambatan terhadap bakteri S. aureus tetapi tidak memiliki memberikan aktivitas penghambatan terhadap bakteri P. aeruginosa, sedangkan ekstrak etanol 30% P.grantum daerah Gowa dan Kediri tidak memberikan aktivitas penghambatan terhadap S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa. Analisis RAPD dan dendogram menunjukkan bahwa hubungan kekerabatan antara dua kelompok P. granatum berkisar 0,65-0,72. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik antara ketiga varietas P. granatum dengan empat daerah yang berbeda cukup rendah meskipun memiliki fenotip yang berbeda.
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