Kata Kunci
public policy
workforce placement
labor
##plugins.generic.dates.accepted## 2025-02-15
##plugins.generic.dates.published## 2025-05-10
Abstrak
This research examines the implementation of the Manpower Placement Program in Padang City, West Sumatra, addressing the city's high unemployment rate. Employing a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, the study utilizes documentation and interviews with key informants from the Manpower and Industry Office, employers, and private placement agencies. The study reveals suboptimal program implementation, with objectives not fully achieved despite a decreased open unemployment rate. Padang City still faces the highest unemployment rate in West Sumatra, with a significant disparity between registered and placed job seekers. Challenges identified include inadequate human and non-human resources within the Manpower and Industry Office, suboptimal communication and coordination between implementers and external organizations, a mismatch between job seeker competencies and employer demands, and insufficient support from political elites and local regulations. The research emphasizes the need to develop localized policy frameworks that address Padang's unique socio-economic conditions, implement innovative resource strategies, enhance coordination mechanisms, and adopt context-sensitive approaches to balance national directives with local realities. These recommendations aim to improve the program's effectiveness and align it with the city's needs and challenges. This study's critical implication is that ineffective policy implementation highlights the need for a comprehensive, localized approach to address critical issues, considering the city's unique socio-economic conditions and resource constraints.
Referensi
Agustino, Leo. (2020). Dasar-Dasar Kebijakan Publik. Bandung: Alfabeta
Anggara, Sahya. (2018). Kebijakan Publik. Bandung Pustaka Setia
Aurich-Beerheide, P., Catalano, S. L., Graziano, P. R., & Zimmermann, K. (2015). Stakeholder participation and policy integration in local social and employment policies: Germany and Italy compared. Journal of European Social Policy, 25(4), 379–392
Burnham, P. (2001). Introduction to Politics. London: Palgrave.
Barbăneagră, O., & Jomir, E. (2024). Unemployment Challenges in the Republic of Moldova: Analysis of Trends and Countermeasures. Economica, 3(129), 79–94.
Central Bureau of Statistics Padang City (2024) GRDP Growth Rate Series 2010 According to Business Field. Accessed on January 20, 2025
Central Bureau of Statistics of West Sumatra. (2023). Open Unemployment Rate by Regency/City (Percent) 2021-2023.
Cheema, G. S., & Rondinelli, D. A. (2007). Decentralizing Governance: Emerging Concepts and Practices. Brookings Institution Press.
Dwivedi, O. P., & Jabbra, J. G. (1988). Public service accountability: A comparative perspective. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 54(1), 83-96.
Dye, Thomas R. (2008) Understanding Public Policy, New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Ehsan, M., Naz, R., & Khan, A. (2018). Administrative Ethics in the Developing World. Public Integrity, 20(4), 406-418.
Edlmann, F. R. P., & Grobbelaar, S. S. (2021). A Framework of Engagement Practices for Stakeholders Collaborating around Complex Social Challenges. Sustainability, 13(19), 10828.
Farazmand, A. (2009). Building administrative capacity for the age of rapid globalization: A modest prescription for the twenty-first century. Public Administration Review, 69(6), 1007-1020.
Gibbs, D., Jonas, A. E. G., Reimer, S., & Spooner, D. (2001). Governance, institutional capacity and partnerships in local economic development: theoretical issues and empirical evidence from the Humber Sub-region. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 26(1), 103–119
Haque, M. S. (2001). The Diminishing Publicness of Public Service under the Current Mode of Governance. Public Administration Review, 61(1), 65-82.
Haris, A., Anas, A., Nurjaya, M., Iriawan, H., & Abdullah, M. T. (2024). Strategi dan Implementasi Kebijakan Program Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) untuk Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Desa. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan & Pelayanan Publik, 10(1): 65-78.
Herman, H. (2015). Implementasi Program Indonesia Emas Pada Kementerian Pemuda Dan Olahraga Republik Indonesia. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan & Pelayanan Publik, 1(1)” 98-107.
Howlett, M., & Ramesh, M. (2022). Designing for Adaptation: Static and Dynamic Robustness in Policy Making. Public Administration, 101(1), 23–35.
Indiahono, Dwiyanto. (2017). Kebijakan Publik Berbasis Dynamic Policy Analysis. Yogyakarta: Gava Media
Iva, M. I. N. (2015). Implementasi Kebijakan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Melalui Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan Di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan & Pelayanan Publik, 1(2): 149-157.
Joshi, A. (2021). Workforce Development in Emerging Economies. Development in Practice, 31(3): 345-358.
Mardalis. (2010). Metode Penelitian suatu Pendekatan Proposal. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara
Moleong, J Lexy. (2009). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakary
Ministry of Manpower Republic of Indonesia (2016) Regulation of the Minister of Manpower Number 39 of 2016 Concerning Placement of Workers
Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform, Republic of Indonesia (2016) Regulation of the Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2020 concerning Guidelines for Job Analysis and Workload Analysis
Nasri, M. (2021). Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Nomor 9 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemberdayaan dan Penempatan Tenaga Kerja Lokal (Studi Pada Kecamatan Kunto Darussalam) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Riau).
Nugroho, Riant. (2014). Public Policy. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.
Painter, M., & Peters, B. G. (2010). Tradition and Public Administration. Springer.
Polman, D., Polman, D., & Alons, G. C. (2021). Reap what you sow: implementing agencies as strategic actors in policy feedback dynamics. Policy Sciences, 54(4), 1–26.
Putra, M. A. P. (2022). Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kota Pekanbaru Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 Tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Daerah Nomor 4 Tahun 2002 Tentang Penempatan Tenaga Kerja Lokal. (Skripsi Universitas Andalas, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik)
Regina, R., Rusli, B., & Candradewini, C. (2020). Koordinasi Pengembangan Program Kampung Keluarga Berencana di Kabupaten Bangka Barat. JAKPP (Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan & Pelayanan Publik), 65-85.
Sari, G. P., & Devy, T. (2023). Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dan Inflasi Terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran Di Sumatera Barat. Inisiatif: Jurnal Ekonomi, Akuntansi dan Manajemen, 2(4), 481-495.
Shahriar, K., & Khan, A. R. (2016). A Critical Insight into Policy Implementation and Implementation Performance. Public Policy and Administration, 15(4), 538–548
Sifa, Nurul and Nurfahmiyati. (2022). Pengaruh Jumlah Penduduk, Inflasi dan Kemiskinan Terhadap Penganguran di Sumatera Barat. Bandung Conference Series: Economics Studies. Vol. 02. No 1.
Soleh, A. (2017). Masalah ketenagakerjaan dan pengangguran di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Cano Ekonomos, 6(2), 83-92.
Subarsono. (2022). Analisis Kebijakan Publik: Konsep, Teori dan Aplikasi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar
Sugiyono. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta
Suyitno. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Konsep, Prinsip dan Operasionalnya. Tulugagung: Akademia Pustaka
Van Horn, Carl E., dan Donald S. Van Meter. (1975). The Policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework. New York: Sage
Winarno, Budi. (2012). Kebijakan Publik (Teori, Proses dan Studi Kasus). Jakarta: Buku Seru
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Adhinda Herman Putri, Muhammad Ichsan Kabullah, Nila Wahyuni