The Dampak Kebijakan Beras Indonesia: Produksi, Harga, Import dan Kesejahteraan Petani Periode (2004–2024)
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Penelitian ini menganalisis tata kelola harga beras di Indonesia pada masa pemerintahan Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004–2014) dan Joko Widodo (2014–2024) melalui pendekatan mixed-methods yang memadukan analisis data panel, uji asymmetric price transmission, dan comparative policy mapping. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan orientasi kebijakan: Yudhoyono lebih menekankan proteksi harga produsen dan pembatasan impor, yang menjaga Nilai Tukar Petani namun meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap guncangan pasokan, sementara Widodo mengedepankan integrasi pasar dan fleksibilitas impor, yang meredam volatilitas jangka pendek tetapi melemahkan insentif harga di tingkat petani. Studi ini juga menemukan asimetri transmisi harga—harga domestik lebih cepat merespons kenaikan harga global dibanding penurunannya—serta pelebaran margin pemasaran. Rancangan paket kebijakan integratif yang diusulkan meliputi koridor harga adaptif, rule-based buffer stock, subsidi tepat sasaran, efisiensi pascapanen, perbaikan logistik antarwilayah, strategi impor bertahap-diversifikasi, dan dasbor data real-time. Pendekatan ini dinilai mampu memperbaiki ketepatan waktu kebijakan, meningkatkan efisiensi rantai pasok, serta menyeimbangkan stabilitas harga dengan kesejahteraan petani.
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