KETERCAPAIAN TARGET GLIKEMIK DAN ANALISIS FAKTORFAKTOR TERKAIT PADA PASIEN DIABETES TIPE 2
Keywords:
diabetes, kontrol glikemik, faktor, kegagalan pengobatanAbstract
Bukti-bukti ilmiah menunjukkan keterkaitan antara rendahnya ketercapaian target glikemik selama pengobatan DM tipe 2 dengan risiko komplikasi kronik. Apabila kegagalan pengobatan tersebut diabaikan, maka ancaman global yang dihadapi akan terus meningkat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian cross sectional ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki kegagalan pengobatan, khususnya ketercapaian target glikemik berupa tingkat kejadian dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya pada pasien DM tipe 2 di daerah Gianyar. Data rekam medik dari salah satu rumah sakit di Gianyar, Bali, selama periode 2016-2020, diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yang meliputi pasien rawat jalan berusia ≥18 tahun, terdiagnosis DM tipe 2 pertama kali, tidak berpindah fasilitas kesehatan selama enam bulan, dan memperoleh antidiabetika oral atau insulin secara konsisten. Penentuan status kegagalan pengobatan berdasarkan target kontrol glikemik oleh ADA. Pada sejumlah total 145 subjek yang terlibat, proporsi kegagalan pengobatan DM tipe 2 mencapai 64,83%. Hasil analisis deskriptif enam faktor pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan pengobatan cenderung terjadi pada laki-laki (59,57%), usia ≤60 tahun (75,53%), subjek yang tidak bersekolah (39,36%), subjek dengan komplikasi (7,45%), subjek berpenyakit penyerta (51,06%), dan pengguna insulin (58,51%). Berdasarkan Uji χ2 atau Uji Fisher’s Exact (p<0,05, 95%), penelitian ini mempresentasikan hubungan signifikan antara faktor usia dan faktor penggunaan antidiabetika terhadap tingginya kegagalan pencapaian target glikemik selama pengobatan.
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