ISOLASI FUNGI ENDOFIT DARI DAUN ASAM JAWA (Tamarindus indica L.) SEBAGAI PENGHASIL SENYAWA ANTIBAKTERI
Keywords:
antibakteri, fungi endofit, Tamarindus indica L.Abstract
Fungi endofit merupakan sekelompok jamur yang sebagian atau seluruh hidupnya berada dalam jaringan tumbuhan hidup dan biasanya tidak merugikan pada inangnya. Fungi endofit umumnya memproduksi metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas biologis yang bermanfaat seperti misalnya senyawa-senyawa anti kanker, antivirus, atau antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi fungi endofit dari daun T. indica L. serta menguji aktivitas antibakteri metabolit sekunder fungi endofit yang diperoleh terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Proses isolasi fungi endofit menghasilkan 1 isolat yang diberi kode TID-1. Produksi senyawa antibakteri dilakukan melalui proses fermentasi isolat fungi endofit TD-1 selama 18 hari pada kondisi teragitasi menggunakan medium PDYdari isolat TID-1. Pada akhir proses fermentasi, media fermentasi diekstraksi dengan etil asetat dan biomassa diekstrasi dengan metanol. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 200 ppm/disk, 300 ppm/disk, dan 400 ppm/disk mampu menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli sebesar 8.43 mm, 9.6 mm, dan 10.86 mm. Pada konsentrasi 300 ppm/disk dan 400 ppm/disk menghambat pertumbuhan S. aureus sebesar 10,11 mm dan 12,8 mm, sedangkan ekstrak metanol tidak memberikan aktivitas antibakteri., sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metabolit sekunder fungi endofit yang diisolasi dari daun asam jawa (T . indica L.) berpotensi sebagai penghasil senyawa antibakteri.
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