SKRINING ANTIKANKER EKSTRAK BUAH MERAH (Pandanus conoideus L.) DENGAN VARIASI CAIRAN PENYARI MENGGUNAKAN METODE BSLT (Brine Shrimp Letality Test)
Keywords:
Buah Merah, BSLT, Sitotoksik, LC50, Buah Merah, BSLT, Sitotoksik, LC50Abstract
Buah merah (Pandanus conoideus L.), buah langka asli provinsi Papua (Indonesia), diketahui memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi diantaranya merupakan senyawa pigmen karotenoid, tokoferol, fenolik, flavonoid dan lainnya yang diduga dapat menghambat proses karsinogenesis pada kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan skrining antikanker ekstrak buah merah sebagai obat alternatif untuk kemopreventif alami dengan metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). Buah merah diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan berbagai pelarut (aseton, kloroform, dan n-heksana) dengan pengaduk magnet. Skrining fitokimia dengan metode KLT menggunakan fase diam lempeng silika GF254 dan campuran heksan: aseton (8:2) sebagai fase geraknya yang diamati pada lampu UV 254 dan 366nm serta penyemprotan reagen untuk identifikasi golongan metabolit sekunder. Metode BSLT dilakukan untuk pengujian sitotoksik menggunakan larva Artemia salina Leach. Yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis probit untuk mengetahui nilai LC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa % rendemen ekstrak tertinggi yaitu 18,14% (kloroform) kemudian ekstrak n-heksana 18,09% dan 14,6% (aseton). Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa semua ekstrak mengandung alkaloid (Rf=0,67), flavonoid (Rf=0,55) dan fenolik (Rf=0,3) dan beta karoten (menggunakan senyawa murni sebagai pembanding) namun senyawa metabolit golongan steroid hanya terdeteksi pada ekstrak n-heksan dan kloroform dengan nilai Rf=0,67. Nilai LC50 dari pengujian aktivitas sitotoksik dari ketiga jenis ekstrak berada dalam rentang < 30 ppm dengan kategori sangat toksik.References
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