SKRINING AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK BEBERAPA TUMBUHAN OBAT YANG DIGUNAKAN ETNIS DI SULAWESI SELATAN TERHADAP CELL LINE MCF-7 DAN T47D
Keywords:
Skrining, Sitotoksik, Cell line MCF-7, T47D, Tithonia grandifloraAbstract
Berbagai macam tumbuhan obat telah lama digunakan oleh para pengobat tradisional (battra) di beberapa etnis di Sulawesi Selatan untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit termasuk kanker. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan bukti ilmiah penggunaan tumbuhan obat yang biasa terdapat dalam ramuan obat tradisional untuk pengobatan kanker pada etnis di Sulawesi Selatan. Tahap awal penelitian dilakukan melalui pengujian mutu simplisia dan skrining aktivitas sitotoksik dari 11 tumbuhan obat terpilih yaitu Bambang epa (Cleome viscosa), Barrang-barrang (Drynaria quercifolia (L) J.Sm), Sereh dapur (Andropogun citratus L), Bu’ne (Antidesma bunius L.), Caleo (Jatropa curcas L.), Cambarinono, Korrong-korrong (Borreria ocymoides (Burm.F).CD), Minceng (Tithonia grandiflora (Hemsl.) A.Gay), Pelleng (Aleurites moluccanus L.), Pucuk Merah (Euphatorium triplinerve L) dan Porrok tongko menggunakan cell line kanker payudara yaitu MCF-7 dan T47D dengan metode MTT. Hasil skrining sitotoksik menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun minceng yang paling aktif dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 59,622 µg/ml untuk MCF-7 dan 35,313 µg/ml untuk T47D. Ekstrak Etanol daun Minceng kemudian dipartisi dengan etil asetat dan diuji kembali aktivitas sitotoksiknya. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi yang larut etil asetat lebih aktif dibanding fraksi yang tidak larut etil asetat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 13,474 µg/ml pada MCF-7 dan 7,203 µg/ml pada T47D. Isolasi komponen kimia fraksi larut etil asetat dengan metode kromatografi cair vakum (KCV) diperoleh 7 fraksi, yaitu fraksi A, B, C, D, E, F dan G, dimana fraksi D yang paling aktif dengan nilai IC50sebesar 3,636 µg/ml pada MCF-7 dan 2,103 µg/ml pada T47D. Hasil identifikasi komponen kimia secara kromatografi lapis tipis menunjukkan bahwa fraksi D mengandung senyawa terpenoid. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka diduga senyawa aktif terhadap cell line MCF-7 dan T47D dari daun minceng adalah senyawa golongan terpenoid.References
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