UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale Rosc var rubrum) DALAM MEMPROTEKSI DAN MEMPERBAIKI GANGGUAN FUNGSI HATI DAN GINJAL TIKUS AKIBAT INDUKSI PARASETAMOL
Abstract
Jahe merah merupakan jenis rimpang yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan obat tradisional di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek proteksi ekstrak rimpang jahe merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc var rubrum) terhadap gangguan fungsi hati dan ginjal yang disebabkan oleh toksisitas parasetamol berdasarkan parameter SGPT, SGOT, urea dan kreatinin serum pada tikus putih. Jahe merah diekstraksi menggunakan etanol 70%. Hewan uji dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok (n=5). Kelompok I sebagai kontrol sehat diberikan suspensi NaCMC 1%, kelompok II diberikan NaCMC 1% dan induksi parasetamol, kelompok III dan kelompok IV masing-masing diberi perlakuan ekstrak jahe merah 150 mg/kgBB dan 300 mg/kgBB dan induksi parasetamol, dan kelompok V diberikan sediaan ekstrak curcuma xanthorriza (60 mg/kgBB) dan induksi parasetamol. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 10 hari sedangkan induksi parasetamol hanya diberikan pada hari ke-4 (500 mg/kg) dan ke-5 (300 mg/kg). Sampel darah diambil pada hari ke- 6 (post induksi) dan ke-11 (post perlakuan) untuk pengukuran kadar SGOT, SGPT, kreatinin dan urea serum menggunakan alat humalyzer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian parasetamol dosis 500mg/kg diikuti 300 mg/kgBB dapat meningkatkan nilai SGOT dan SGPT secara signifikan 24 jam setelah post induksi, namun kadar urea dan kreatinin hanya berbeda signifikan setelah hari ke-11 (post perlakuan). Pada kelompok III dan IV, pemberian ekstrak jahe merah setelah induksi parasetamol mampu menurunkan kadar SGOT, SGPT, urea dan kreatinin serum secara signifikan dibanding kelompok II (p<0.05). Penurunan biomarker hati dan ginjal pada kelompok III dan IV tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok V yang diberi sediaan ekstrak curcuma yang telah digunakan secara klinik.
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