Karakteristik Suara Gelembung Air Laut yang dikeluarkan Ikan Layang (Decapterus Sp) dapat dijadikan Atraktor Berbasis Suara Pada Areal Rumpon
Keywords:
Karakteristik suara, gelembung air laut, layang (Decapterus sp), rumpon, atraktorAbstract
Rumpon mampu menarik spesies ikan untuk berasosiasi dengannya. Banyak pertanyaan terkait kinerja rumpon itu sendiri, salah satunya adalah karakteristik suara yang ada dibawah rumpon tersebut. Spesies ikan pelagis yang umumnya tertangkap pada areal rumpon adalah Ikan Layang (Decapterus sp). Umumnya memproduksi suara gelembung air laut. Pertanyaannya apakah gelembung air laut tersebut sebagai bentuk komunikasi dilaut. untuk saling berinteraksi, mempertahankan diri atau menghindar dari predator? Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi karakteristik suara dikeluarkan oleh schooling ikan yang berasosiasi pada areal rumpon, mekanisme produksi suara gelembung air laut dan hubungan antara karakteristik suara dengan terkosentrasinya schooling ikan yang kemungkinan bisa dijadikan atraktor berbasis gelombang bunyi untuk menarik schooling ikan mendekati areal rumpon. Parameter yang diamati adalah bentuk karakteristik dan mekanisme produksi suara dibawah rumpon, mekanisme produksi suara, bentuk karakteristik frekuensi gelembung air laut dan pengaruhnya terhadap schooling ikan khususnya schooling layang. Jenis penelitian metode observasi dengan pendekatan akustik pasif (PAM). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ikan layang teridentifikasi mengeluarkan gelembung air laut saat terkosentrasi penuh dibawah rumpon pada dini hari, kondisi kaget dan kondisi ada ikan predator datang menyerang, peak frekuensi suara gelembung air laut rata-rata pada kisaran 583,90 Hz sedangkan tekanan suara yaitu rata-rata pada kisaran 86 dB. Temuan tersebut sesuai dengan sensitivitas maksimum dan minimum pendengaran ikan pada umumnya, sehingga karakteristik suara gelembung air laut memungkinkan pengembangan atraktor berbasis gelombang suara untuk menarik dan mengkonsentrasikan spesies ikan tertentu pada areal rumpon.
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