Volume 1 No. 2 April - Juni 2016

ABSTRACT 

Introduction: One of the potential genetic links to Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of polymorphism promoter VEGF gene and VEGF serum level with the type of AMD. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 66 samples, consist of wet and dry AMD, and age-matched controls. DNA was subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification at the position -460 coupled with the restriction fragment length polymorphism. VEGF serum level was measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay. Results: The polymorphism promoter VEGF gene demonstrated significant association with the type of AMD (p=0.004, OR=3.1 95% CI 1.1-8.6) and the risk for increasing VEGF serum level (p=0.011, OR=3.2 95% CI 1.18.9). Despite there was no significant association between dry and wet AMD with VEGF serum level (p=0.081), but this study revealed significant increased of VEGF serum level in AMD patients, compared to those in control’s serum (p<0.001). Finally, there was coassociation between polymorphism and VEGF level with the type of AMD (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study reveals the significant association between promoter VEGF gene polymorphism and VEGF serum level with the type of AMD of Indonesian patients.  Keywords: AMD, VEGF gene polymorphism; VEGF serum level.

ABSTRACT 

Objectives: To find out thespectrum and outcome of renal diseases in children hospitalized in the pediatric ward of dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. Methods: We carried out a retrospective review of standard medial recordof all childrenhospitalizedinthe pediatric ward of the dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. Review was based on the final diagnosis on their medical records to investigate the spectrum and outcome of the pediatric renal diseasesfrom January 2009 to December 2013. Results: A total number of 9573 children were admitted during the study period, out of which 580 had renal diseases accounting for 16.5% of all pediatric admission. Age of the patients ranged from 10 months to 16.7 years with mean age of 7.39 years and majority of the cases aged 5-10 years (37.2%). Boys (55.3%)were more encountered than girls(44.7%) with a boy to girl ratio of 1.2:1 and most of the patients were in good nutritional status (48.6%). According to their final diagnosis, the commonness pediatric renal diseases in this hospital was Acute Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis (27.6%), followed by Nephrotic Syndrome (25.2%), Urinary Tract Infection (19.1%), and  Others are Acute Glomerulonephritis (8.3%), Acute Kidney Injury(5.1%), Chronic Kidney Injury(5.0%), Wilm’s Tumor(4.7%), Hydronephrosis (3.4%), Henoch-Schoenlein Nephritis (0.9%), and Lupus Nephritis (0.7%).  Length of stay of the patients was mostly in 7-14 days (46.0%) and varying from 3 up to 28 days. Mortality in pediatric patients of renal diseases in this study was 11.2% and usually in those entering the hospital with late deteriorating conditionand die before getting optimal treatment. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study shows that pediatric renal disease in the pediatric ward of dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Teaching Hospital Makassar accounts for 16.5%of all pediatric admission and APSGN was the commonest pediatric renal disease, followed by NS and UTI. It seems that spectrum of pediatric renal diseases in dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar was relatively similar to that reported from other developing countries. Mortality in patients with pediatric renal diseases in our study was 11.2% and usually in those entering the hospital with late deteriorating condition and die before getting optimal treatment.  Key words: Spectrum, Outcome, Renal Disease, Children, Makassar.

ABSTRACT 

Introduction: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapy agent that has potent effects against various cancer types. However, DOX may elicit renal and liver toxicity. Objectives: To examine the role of vitamin C and vitamin E in reducing DOX renal and liver toxicity. Methods: Male rats (220-330 g) were assigned to one of the treatment groups. Group I was healthy controls. Group II was given DOX (20 mg/kg b.wt). Group III was given vitamin C (250 mg/kg b.wt) for 7 days prior to DOX injection. Group IV was given vitamin E (250 mg/kg b.wt) for 7 days prior to DOX injection. Group V was given oil vehicle for 7 days prior to DOX injection. Results: Vitamin C was effective to reduce both renal and liver dysfunction. However, vitamin E protective effects were only convincing in lowering DOX-induced renal toxicity but not liver toxicity. Both vitamins prevented elevated DOX-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion: Both vitamin C and vitamin E can help to reduce DOX toxicity in rat kidney, but only vitamin C that has clear benefits on improving liver toxicity after DOX injection. Keywords: Doxorubicin, renal toxicity, liver toxicity, vitamin E, vitamin C

ABSTRACT 

Background: Hydatidiform Mole (complete and partial) is one of Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases (GTD) characterized by the occurrences of trophoblastic cell proliferation and abnormal placenta flakes. It can develop into malignancy, metastasis, and cause death. Therefore, characteristic data of the patients in applying preventive program and optimal therapy are required. This research evaluates the frequency and distribution of the hydatidosa mole patients and its type in the annual period from 2012 to 2015 and several responsible risk factors, such as age and obstetric history of the patients. Methods: reviews of histopatology specimen of hydatidiform mole were conducted as many as 255 cases which met the inclusion criteria in the period of January 2012 to September 2015. The review particularly determines the histopathology diagnosis of hydatidiform mole and its type. Results: The number of hydatidiform mole patients in the period of January 2012 to September 2015 is 255 patients. Approximately 70.65% cases of those are categorized as completed hydatidiform mole. The highest frequency of mole occurs in the range of ages from 21 to 25 years old (24.19%). About 28.57% cases occur on the first pregnancy and 7 out of 255 are recurrent case of mole pregnancy. Conclusions: The occurrences of hydatidiform mole found in Pathology Anatomy Laboratory of Medical Faculty of Hasanuddin University are quite high, and the cases of completed hydatidiform mole are in the highest number. The numerous patients of hydatidiform mole are commonly found in the youngster group and low gravidity.  
Keywords: gestational trophoblastic disease, hydatidiform mole

ABSTRACT

Glabrous skin dermatophytosis is dermatophytosis that affects hairless skin areas which are devided into tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea facialis. Causative agents of dermatophytosis include: Trichophyton spp, Microsporum spp,  and Epidermophyton spp genus. Ketoconazole is an antifungal drug that is widely administered because of its lower price than other drugs and have good clinical improvement, eventhough it’s more toxic than the new antifungal, triazole. There was no research study about sensitivity/resistance ketoconazol for glabrous skin dermatophyte in Makassar. A cross sectional study was carried out in this study to test the sensitivity of ketoconazole for 45 dermatophyte colony isolates that grew up form scale of glabrous skin dermatophytosis patients of Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital and its networks through the broth microdilution on Microbiology Laboratory Education Hospital UNHAS.  The result of this study reveals that ketoconazole has become resistant of most of the causative agent of skin glabrous dermatophytosis in Makassar (88.88%). Microsporum audoinii rivalieri is the most variants found in glabrous dermatophytosis, followed by Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes downy type. The genus of Epidermophyton was not found.  Ketoconazole is more abundant to sensitive in Trichophyton spp than Microsporum spp. The match between in vitro antifungal sensitivity test and in vivo clinical improvement monitoring is required to determine the resistance of ketoconazole in a holistic manner.  
Key words: in vitro susceptibility testing, ketoconazole, glabrous skin dermatophyte.

ABSTRACT

Microalbuminuria (MA) and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) are as independent predictor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Hypertensive (HT) patients. Hipertension causes target organ damage such as LVH and chronic kidney disease. Microalbuminuria one of the earliest indications of kidney injury in patients with HT. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy is adaptation process to maintain the stability of the contraction function, but will be a pathological process. The pathogenesis relationship between MA and LVH in essential HT is unclear. The presence of MA and LVH in HT show the high risk for cardiovascular events. This study aimed to knows the factors that contribute the incidence of MA and LVH in HT patients. Using observational study with cross sectional design in HT subjects, at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, aged over 18 years old. Measuring of Body mass index were performed on all study subjects, MA refers to an abnormally increased excretion rate of albumin in the urine and Echocardiography examination used to evaluation of LVH. This study showed Obesity influence the incidence of LVH in HT subject.   
Key words: Microalbuminuria, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Hypertension.