Main Article Content
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Kata-kata dan gambar di layar komputer dibuat dengan kombinasi titik cahaya kecil yang disebut piksel, yaitu paling terang di tengah dan berkurang intensitasnya ke tepi, sehingga sulit untuk mata manusia untuk mempertahankan fokus yang berkontribusi terhadap Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian CVS pada pekerja pengguna komputer di PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Makassar Selatan. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Penentuan sampel menggunakan proposionate stratified sampling yang berjumlah 111 pekerja. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara waktu istirahat mata (p=0.011), penggunaan kacamata (p=0.026), intensitas pencahayaan (p=0.008), posisi monitor (p=0.018), dan penggunan antiglare screen (p=0.001) dengan CVS. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa intensitas pencahayaan adalah prediktor yang paling kuat secara signifikan dalam mengembangkan CVS (OR= 3.057, 95% CI=(0.136-0.828). Sedangkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia (p=0.190), masa kerja (p=0.770), durasi kerja (p=0.063), dan polaritas monitor (p=0.190) dengan CVS di PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Makassar Selatan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara waktu istirahat mata, penggunaan kacamata, intensitas pencahayaan, posisi monitor, dan penggunaan antiglare screen dengan CVS pada pekerja pengguna komputer di PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Makassar Selatan. Penelitian ini menyarankan mengadakan pengaturan waktu istirahat mata, melakukan pemeriksaan mata secara berkala, menggunakan kacamata saat bekerja, memperbaiki intensitas pencahayaan, mengatur posisi monitor, dan memasang antiglare screen untuk menghindari terjadinya CVS.
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References
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- Munshi S, Varghese A, Dhar-munshi S. Computer Vision Syndrome-A Common Cause of Unexplained Visual Symptoms in the Modern Era. International Journal Clinical Practice. 2017;71(12962):1–5.
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- Dessie A, Adane F, Nega A, Wami SD, Chercos DH. Computer Vision Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Computer Users in Debre Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Journal of Environment al andPublic Health. 2018;8(4107590).
- Chawla A, Lim TC, Shikhare SN, Munk PL, Peh WCG. Computer Vision Syndrome : Darkness Under the Shadow of Light. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal. 2019;70(1):5–9.
- Rosenfield M. Computer Vision Syndrome: A Review of Ocular Causes and Potential Treatments. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics. 2011;31(5):502–515.
- Maeda MBI, Fitri AM, Amalia R. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Karyawan PT. Depoteknik Duta Perkasa. Seminar Nasional Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2020;223–239.
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- Mauliku NE, Sofian R. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Karyawan di Departement of Design. Jurnal Kesehatan Kartika. 2022;17(2):56–69.
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- Indah FPSa, Listiana I, Aprilia I, Satriani. Faktor Pencetus Computer Vision Syndrome pada Pekerja Pengguna Komputer. MAP Midwifery and Public Health Journal. 2022;2(1):36–44.
- Ibrahim A, Alang AH, Madi, Baharuddin, Ahmad AM, Darmawati. Metodologi Penelitian. I. IIsmail I, editor. Makassar: Gunadarma Ilmu; 2018.
- Poudel S, Khanal SP. Magnitude and Determinants of Computer Vision Syndrome ( CVS ) Among IT Workers in Kathmandu , Nepal. Nepalese Journal of Ophthamology. 2020;12(24):245–251.
- Tribley J, McClain S, Karbasi A, Kaldenberg J. Tips for Computer Vision Syndrome Relief and Prevention. Work. 2011;39(1):85–97.
- Wangsan K, Upaphong P, Assavanopakun P, Sapbamrer R. Self-Reported Computer Vision Syndrome among Thai University Students in Virtual Classrooms during the COVID-19 Pandemic : Prevalence and Associated Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(3996).
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- Altalhi AA, Khayyat W, Khojah O, Alsalmi M, Almarzouki H. Computer Vision Syndrome Among Health Sciences Students in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and Risk Factors. Cureus. 2020;12(2):10–3.
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- Sitaula K, Kafle N, Acharya A, Mishra VP. Prevalence and associated factors of computer vision syndrome among the computer engineering students of Pokhara University affiliated colleges of Kathmandu valley. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health. 2020;7(6):2027–31.
- Artime-Ríos E, Suárez-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Lasheras F, Seguí-Crespo M. Computer Vision Syndrome in Healthcare Workers Using Video Display Terminals: an Exploration of the Risk Factors. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2022;78(7):2095–2110.
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- Tesfaye AH, Alemayehu M, Abere G, Mekonnen TH. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Computer Vision Syndrome Among Academic Staff in the University of Gondar , Northwest Ethiopia : An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Enviromental Health Insights. 2022;16.
- Ahmed MM, Saad NE, Almehelmy EM, Yousef FF. Computer Vision Syndrome and Associated Factors among Students of Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University. Medical Journal Cairo University. 2019;87(7):4877–4881.
- Loh KY, Reddy SC. Understanding and Preventing Computer Vision Syndrome. Malaysian Family Physician. 2008;3(3):128–30.
- Rochmayani DS, Cahyaningsih O. Risk Factors for the Incidence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) in Lecturers During the Online Learning Period. Journal of Health Education. 2021;6(2):65–72.
- Pabumbun EN, Russeng SS, Muis M. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kelelahan Kerja pada Pekerja PT. Maruki International Indonesia. Hasanuddin Journal of Public Health. 2022;3(1):99–114.
- Alma S, Asniar. Faktor Risiko Computer Vision Syndrome pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Syiah Kuala. JIM FKEP. 2019;72(13035):128–35.
- Akowuah PK, Nti AN, Ankamah-Lomotey S, Frimpong AA, Fummey J, Boadi P, et al. Digital Device Use, Computer Vision Syndrome, and Sleep Quality among an African Undergraduate Population. Advances in Public Health. 2021.
- Coles-Brennan C, Sulley A, Young G. Management of Digital Eye Strain. Clinical and Experimental Optometry. 2018;102(1):1–12.
- Agusti MS, Windusari Y, Novrikasari N, Sitorus RJ, Noviadi P, Dahlan MH. Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan Visual Display Terminal (VDT) dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Pegawai Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kota Palembang. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehat Indonesia. 2021;4(4):554–564.
- Sánchez-Brau M, Domenech-Amigot B, et al. Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome and Its Relationship with Ergonomic and Individual Factors in Presbyopic VDT Workers Using Progressive Addition Lenses. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020;17(3):1–18.
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References
Riminucci M. Industry 4.0 and Human Resources Development: A View from Japan. E-Journal International and Comparative Labour Studies. 2018;7(1):1–15.
Parihar MGJKS, Kumar V, Chatuverdi P, Kaushik J, Jain G, Parihar A. Computer & Visual Display Terminals (VDT) Vision Syndrome (CVDTS). Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 2016;72(3):270–276.
Randolph S. Computer Vision Syndrome. Workpalce Health and Safety. 2017;328.
Munshi S, Varghese A, Dhar-munshi S. Computer Vision Syndrome-A Common Cause of Unexplained Visual Symptoms in the Modern Era. International Journal Clinical Practice. 2017;71(12962):1–5.
Nopriadi, Pratiwi Y, Leonita E, Tresnanengsih E. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome pada Karyawan Bank. Jurnal MKMI. 2019;15(2):111–119.
Dessie A, Adane F, Nega A, Wami SD, Chercos DH. Computer Vision Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Computer Users in Debre Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Journal of Environment al andPublic Health. 2018;8(4107590).
Chawla A, Lim TC, Shikhare SN, Munk PL, Peh WCG. Computer Vision Syndrome : Darkness Under the Shadow of Light. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal. 2019;70(1):5–9.
Rosenfield M. Computer Vision Syndrome: A Review of Ocular Causes and Potential Treatments. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics. 2011;31(5):502–515.
Maeda MBI, Fitri AM, Amalia R. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Karyawan PT. Depoteknik Duta Perkasa. Seminar Nasional Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2020;223–239.
Asnel R, Kurniawan C. Analisis Faktor Kelelahan Mata pada Pekerja Pengguna Komputer. Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan. 2020;5(2):356–365.
Sari FTA, Himayani R. Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Computer Vision Syndrome. Majority. 2018;7(2):278–282.
Mauliku NE, Sofian R. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Karyawan di Departement of Design. Jurnal Kesehatan Kartika. 2022;17(2):56–69.
Pratiwi AD, Safitri A. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Pegawai PT. Media Kita Sejahtera Kendari. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2020;7(1):41–47.
Septiyanti RA, Fathimah A, Asnifatima A. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome pada Pekerja Pengguna Komputer di Universitas IBN Khaldun Bogor Tahun 2020. Promotor Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2021;5(1):32.
Nadia AS, Paramita A, Rahman AO. Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan Komputer Portabel dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Jambi Tahun 2020. Medical Dedication (medic) : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat FKIK UNJA. 2021;4(1):179–194.
Indah FPSa, Listiana I, Aprilia I, Satriani. Faktor Pencetus Computer Vision Syndrome pada Pekerja Pengguna Komputer. MAP Midwifery and Public Health Journal. 2022;2(1):36–44.
Ibrahim A, Alang AH, Madi, Baharuddin, Ahmad AM, Darmawati. Metodologi Penelitian. I. IIsmail I, editor. Makassar: Gunadarma Ilmu; 2018.
Poudel S, Khanal SP. Magnitude and Determinants of Computer Vision Syndrome ( CVS ) Among IT Workers in Kathmandu , Nepal. Nepalese Journal of Ophthamology. 2020;12(24):245–251.
Tribley J, McClain S, Karbasi A, Kaldenberg J. Tips for Computer Vision Syndrome Relief and Prevention. Work. 2011;39(1):85–97.
Wangsan K, Upaphong P, Assavanopakun P, Sapbamrer R. Self-Reported Computer Vision Syndrome among Thai University Students in Virtual Classrooms during the COVID-19 Pandemic : Prevalence and Associated Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(3996).
Al Tawil L, Aldokhayel S, Zeitouni L, Qadoumi T, Hussein S, Ahamed SS. Prevalence of Self-Reported Computer Vision Syndrome Symptoms and its Associated Factors Among University Students. European Journal of Ophthalmology. 2020;30(1):189–95.
Altalhi AA, Khayyat W, Khojah O, Alsalmi M, Almarzouki H. Computer Vision Syndrome Among Health Sciences Students in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and Risk Factors. Cureus. 2020;12(2):10–3.
Valentina DCD, Yusran M, Wahyudo R, Himayani R. Faktor Risiko Computer Vision Syndrome Pada Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Komputer Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Lampung. JIMKI.2020;7(2):29–37.
Aldy F, Sidabutar RR. Hubungan Perilaku Dan Durasi Penggunaan Komputer Dengan Keluhan Computer Vision Syndrome ( CVS ) Pada Mahasiswa STIKes Flora. Jurnal Keperawatan Flora. 2021;14(2).
Hassan HAG. Computer Vision Syndrome Among Medical Students at the University of Khartoum , Sudan : Prevalence and Associated Factors. Cureus. 2023;15(5):1–9.
Sitaula K, Kafle N, Acharya A, Mishra VP. Prevalence and associated factors of computer vision syndrome among the computer engineering students of Pokhara University affiliated colleges of Kathmandu valley. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health. 2020;7(6):2027–31.
Artime-Ríos E, Suárez-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Lasheras F, Seguí-Crespo M. Computer Vision Syndrome in Healthcare Workers Using Video Display Terminals: an Exploration of the Risk Factors. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2022;78(7):2095–2110.
Halawa EM, Zaluchu RP, Hendra. Gambaran Gejala Computer Vision Syndrome pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan Tahun 2019/2020. NJM. 2022;8(1):39–42.
Tesfaye AH, Alemayehu M, Abere G, Mekonnen TH. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Computer Vision Syndrome Among Academic Staff in the University of Gondar , Northwest Ethiopia : An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Enviromental Health Insights. 2022;16.
Ahmed MM, Saad NE, Almehelmy EM, Yousef FF. Computer Vision Syndrome and Associated Factors among Students of Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University. Medical Journal Cairo University. 2019;87(7):4877–4881.
Loh KY, Reddy SC. Understanding and Preventing Computer Vision Syndrome. Malaysian Family Physician. 2008;3(3):128–30.
Rochmayani DS, Cahyaningsih O. Risk Factors for the Incidence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) in Lecturers During the Online Learning Period. Journal of Health Education. 2021;6(2):65–72.
Pabumbun EN, Russeng SS, Muis M. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kelelahan Kerja pada Pekerja PT. Maruki International Indonesia. Hasanuddin Journal of Public Health. 2022;3(1):99–114.
Alma S, Asniar. Faktor Risiko Computer Vision Syndrome pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Syiah Kuala. JIM FKEP. 2019;72(13035):128–35.
Akowuah PK, Nti AN, Ankamah-Lomotey S, Frimpong AA, Fummey J, Boadi P, et al. Digital Device Use, Computer Vision Syndrome, and Sleep Quality among an African Undergraduate Population. Advances in Public Health. 2021.
Coles-Brennan C, Sulley A, Young G. Management of Digital Eye Strain. Clinical and Experimental Optometry. 2018;102(1):1–12.
Agusti MS, Windusari Y, Novrikasari N, Sitorus RJ, Noviadi P, Dahlan MH. Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan Visual Display Terminal (VDT) dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Pegawai Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kota Palembang. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehat Indonesia. 2021;4(4):554–564.
Sánchez-Brau M, Domenech-Amigot B, et al. Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome and Its Relationship with Ergonomic and Individual Factors in Presbyopic VDT Workers Using Progressive Addition Lenses. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020;17(3):1–18.
Nau SV, Sagita S, Setiawan IMB, Artawan IM. Senam Mata Menurunkan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Mahasiswa Universitas Nusa Cendana. Cendana Medical Journal. 2022;23(1).