Pain And Gain Sharing Sebagai Langkah Antisipatif dalam Mewujudkan Keadilan Pada Production Sharing Contract Migas di Indonesia

Abstract The implementation of the values ​​of justice has not been seen in the model of the cooperation contract agreement in the implementation of oil and gas operations in Indonesia, between the Oil and Gas Implementing Agency (BP Migas) as the representative of the government and the contractors who carry out field operations. This study aims to create a concept of profit sharing in an oil and gas agreement that is fair and proportional, for contractors as partners of the state and especially for the state, as owners of oil and gas resources. This research is normative legal research. This study uses a statutory approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach. The results show that in the practice of the oil and gas industry, Indonesia applies a production sharing contract system. This system adopts other schemes, such as cost recovery and gross split, both of which have not succeeded in creating a fair and proportional profit-sharing contract for the State. The lack of supervision from the government and clauses that tend to burden one party, which leads to injustice both for the State and for contractors are a problem and have not been successfully overcome by several schemes implemented by the government. Therefore, a new scheme is needed that prioritizes the aspect of justice, namely the Pain and Gain Sharing scheme. A scheme that offers many advantages over the two previous schemes. Keywords: Cost Recover; Gross Split; Justice Aspect; Pain and Gain Sharing; Production Sharing Contract.   Abstrak Implementasi nilai-nilai keadilan belum tampak dalam model perjanjian kontrak kerjasama dalam pelaksanaan operasi minyak dan gas bumi di Indonesia, antara Badan Pelaksana migas (BP Migas) selaku wakil pemerintah dan kontraktor yang menjalankan operasi lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan suatu konsep bagi hasil dalam perjanjian Migas yang adil dan proporsional bagi kontraktor selaku partner Negara dan terlebih bagi Negara selaku pemilik sumber daya Migas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif (normative legal research). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan kasus (case approach), dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam praktik industri Migas, Indonesia menerapkan sistem kontrak bagi hasil atau Production Sharing Contract. Sistem ini mengadopsi skema lain, seperti cost recovery dan gross split, dimana skema ini sama-sama belum berhasil menciptakan kontrak bagi hasil yang adil dan proporsional bagi Negara. Kurangnya pengawasan dari pemerintah dan klausula yang cenderung memberatkan salah satu pihak yang mengarah kepada ketidakadilan baik bagi Negara maupun bagi kontraktor menjadi masalah dan belum berhasil diatasi dengan beberapa skema yang diterapkan pemerintah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan skema baru yang mengedepankan aspek keadilan yaitu dengan skema Pain and Gain Sharing. Skema yang menawarkan banyak kelebihan dibanding dua skema sebelumnya. Kata Kunci: Aspek Keadilan; Cost Recovery; Gross Split; Pain and Gain Sharing; Production Sharing Contract.