Advance Search

EFEK SAMPING OBAT PADA PENGOBATAN TUBERKULOSIS RESISTEN OBAT GANDA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20956/mff.v27i01.2...
Article History

Submited : February 27, 2023
Published : May 3, 2023

Keywords:
Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan permasalahan serius di dunia kesehatan. Sebanyak 10,6 juta dari populasi dunia menderita TB pada tahun 2021 dan 1,6 juta meninggal karena TB. Penyebab utama TB yaitu Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang sering menyerang paru-paru. Penggunaan Obat Anti-Tuberkulosis (OAT) merupakan andalan dalam pengobatan tuberkulosis. Tuberkulosis resisten obat ganda (TB ROG) merupakan penyakit yang resisten terhadap setidaknya dua obat yaitu (rifampisin dan isoniazid) serta membutuhkan pengobatan relatif lama dengan beberapa obat lini kedua. Obat tersebut dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang mengakibatkan kegagalan pengobatan. Tinjauan naratif ini menyajikan informasi ilmiah mengenai kejadian, jenis efek samping dan OAT yang menimbulkan efek samping pada TB ROG sehingga dapat bermanfaat dalam penatalaksanaan TB ROG. Studi review naratif ini  dikembangkan dari database elektronik PubMed pada perisode 2012-2022. Dari sumber informasi yang diperoleh, kami mengidentifikasi dua rejimen yang umum digunakan, yaitu rejimen jangka panjang/long term regimen (LTR) dan rejimen jangka pendek/short term regimen (STR). Analisis terhadap sumber informasi yang ada menunjukkan beragam kejadian efek samping obat (ESO) pada rejimen STR yaitu gangguan pendengaran karena aminoglikosida (63%), perpanjangan interval QTc karena clofazimine (33,3%), dan neuropati perifer karena bedaquiline (56,3%). Sedangkan, pada rejimen LTR, ESO berupa neuritis perifer (81%) dan gangguan saluran cerna (33,60%) karena linezolid, serta kerusakan hati (31,8%) dan perubahan warna kulit (22,7%) karena clofazimine. Beragam penanganan ESO dideskripsikan, antara lain melalui penurunan dosis rejimen, pergantian rejimen obat maupun penghentian obat. Tingginya kejadian ESO pada TB ROG mendorong perlunya manajemen ESO TB ROG yang adekuat untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan pada pasien TB ROG.

References

  1. WHO. Global Tuberculosis Report 2021 [Internet]. 2021. Available from: http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
  2. Pradipta IS, Idrus LR, Probandari A, Lestari BW, Diantini A, Alffenaar JWC, et al. Barriers and strategies to successful tuberculosis treatment in a high-burden tuberculosis setting: a qualitative study from the patient’s perspective. BMC Public Health. 2021 Dec 1;21(1).
  3. Pradipta IS, Idrus LR, Probandari A, Puspitasari IM, Santoso P, Alffenaar JWC, et al. Barriers to Optimal Tuberculosis Treatment Services at Community Health Centers: A Qualitative Study From a High Prevalent Tuberculosis Country. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 25;13.
  4. Gugssa Boru C, Shimels T, Bilal AI. Factors contributing to non-adherence with treatment among TB patients in Sodo Woreda, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A qualitative study. J Infect Public Health. 2017 Sep 1;10(5):527–33.
  5. Kemkes. Petunjuk Teknis Penatalaksanaan Tuberkulosis Resistan Obat di Indonesia. 2020.
  6. Aznar ML, Segura AR, Moreno MM, Espasa M, Sulleiro E, Bocanegra C, et al. Treatment outcomes and adverse events from a standardized multidrug-resistant tuberculosis regimen in a rural setting in Angola. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2019;101(3):502–9.
  7. World Health Organization. WHO consolidated guidelines on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. 2019. 99 p.
  8. Massud A, Syed Sulaiman SA, Ahmad N, Shafqat M, Chiau Ming L, Khan AH. Frequency and Management of Adverse Drug Reactions Among Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: Analysis From a Prospective Study. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 2;13.
  9. Alffenaar JWC, Stocker SL, Forsman LD, Garcia-Prats A, Heysell SK, Aarnoutse RE, et al. Clinical standards for the dosing and management of TB drugs. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2022 Jun 1;26(6):483–99.
  10. Nunn AJ, Phillips PPJ, Meredith SK, Chiang CY, Conradie F, Dalai D, et al. A Trial of a Shorter Regimen for Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis. New England Journal of Medicine. 2019 Mar 13.
  11. Hughes G, Bern H, Chiang CY, Goodall RL, Nunn AJ, Rusen ID, et al. QT prolongation in the STREAM Stage 1 Trial. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2022 Apr 1;26(4):334–40.
  12. Hong H, Dowdy DW, Dooley KE, Francis HW, Budhathoki C, Han HR, et al. Risk of hearing loss among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients according to cumulative aminoglycoside dose. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2020 Jan 1;24(1):65–72.
  13. Fu L, Weng T, Sun F, Zhang P, Li H, Li Y, et al. Insignificant difference in culture conversion between bedaquiline-containing and bedaquiline-free all-oral short regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2021 Oct 1;111:138–47.
  14. Diacon AH, Pym A, Grobusch MP, de los Rios JM, Gotuzzo E, Vasilyeva I, et al. Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Culture Conversion with Bedaquiline. New England Journal of Medicine. 2014 Aug 21;371(8):723–32.
  15. Qiao J, Yang L, Feng J, Dai X, Xu F, Xia P. Analysis of efficacy and safety of linezolid-based chemotherapeutic regimens for patients with postoperative multidrug-resistant spinal tuberculosis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2022 May 1;118:264–9.
  16. Conradie F, Diacon AH, Ngubane N, Howell P, Everitt D, Crook AM, et al. Treatment of Highly Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020 Mar 5;382(10):893–902.
  17. Wang Q, Pang Y, Jing W, Liu Y, Wang N, Yin H, et al. Clofazimine for Treatment of Extensively Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://doi.org/10.
  18. Atif M, Ahmed W, Nouman Iqbal M, Ahmad N, Ahmad W, Malik I, et al. Frequency and Factors Associated With Adverse Events Among Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Pakistan: A Retrospective Study. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Mar 1;8.
  19. Ahmad N, Javaid A, Azhar Syed Sulaiman S, Khan Afridi A, Hayat Khan A. Occurrence, Management, and Risk Factors for Adverse Drug Reactions in Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients [Internet]. 2016. Available from: www.americantherapeutics.com
Oneng Ifayani, Irma Melyani Puspitasari, Widya N. Insani, & Ivan Surya Pradipta. (2023). EFEK SAMPING OBAT PADA PENGOBATAN TUBERKULOSIS RESISTEN OBAT GANDA. Majalah Farmasi Dan Farmakologi, 27(1), 10-14. https://doi.org/10.20956/mff.v27i01.25660

Copyright (c) 2023 Array

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Fulltext
pdf