Relationship Between Medication Adherence and Blood Sugar Levels Among Diabetes Mellitus Outpatients
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease with progressively increasing prevalence every year and often leads to complications when not properly managed. Control or success of treatment is influenced by adherence of patients to the treatment process. This study aimed to analyze relationship between medication adherence and fasting glucose levels among DM outpatients. A correlation study was conducted using a cross-sectional approach on a sample of 300 respondents selected by probability sampling technique from the entire population. The instrument used was the MMAS-8 Test (Morisky Scale Medication Adherence Scales-8) and examination of fasting sugar levels. Meanwhile, data analysis was conducted with the Spearman Rho test. The results showed that the highest treatment adherence was in the moderate category by 130 (43.3%) and a decrease in fasting sugar levels was observed among 230 (76.7%) respondents. A significant relationship was found between medication adherence and fasting glucose levels with a p-value = <0.001 and r: -0.597. Based on the results, there was a negative relationship between medication adherence and fasting blood sugar. The higher medication adherence, the better the fasting sugar levels in DM outpatients.
References
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318340413_Assessment_of_Antidiabetic_Medication_Adherence_and_Its_Determinants_among_Ambulatory_Patients_with_Type_2_Diabetes_at_Tikur_Anbessa_Specialized_Hospital_Addis_Ababa_Ethiopia
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19. Zhang Y, Wang R, Chen Q, Dong S, Guo X, Feng Z, et al. Reliability and Validity of a Modified 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale in Patients With Chronic Pain. Annals Palliative Medicine. 2021;10(8):9088–9095. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-1878
20. Sembiring E. Medication Adherence Improvement of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJHNS). 2021;4(3):258–265. https://ijnhs.net/index.php/ijnhs/article/view/430
21. Letassy N. Medication Taking. The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care. 2007;33(6):1030. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721707308477
22. Triyanto E, Isworo A, Rahayu E. Model Pemberdayaan Terpadu untuk Meningkat-kan Kepatuhan Pasien Diabetes Mellitus. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2015;1(1):228–234. https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/528
23. Sendekie AK, Netere AK, Kasahun AE, Belachew EA. Medication Adherence and Its Impact on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Comorbidity: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2022;17:1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274971
24. Perwitasari DA, Urbayatun S. Treatment Adherence and Quality of Life in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Indonesia. SAGE Open. 2016;6(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274971
2. Kemenkes RI. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2018.
3. Dinkes. Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Boyolali. Boyolali: Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Boyolali. 2021. https://dinkes.boyolali.go.id
4. Boulton A. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 10TH ed. Vol. 102, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. International Diabetes Federation; 2021. 1–135 p.
5. Aminde LN, Tindong M, Ngwasiri CA, Aminde JA, Njim T, Fondong AA, et al. Adherence to Antidiabetic Medication and Factors Associated with Non-Adherence among Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Two Regional Hospitals in Cameroon. BMC Endocrine Disorder. 2019;19(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0360-9
6. Alqarni AM, Alrahbeni T, Al Qarni A, Al Qarni HM. Adherence to Diabetes Medication Among Diabetic Patients in The Bisha Governorate of Saudi Arabia – A Cross-Sectional Survey. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2019;13:63–71. https://doi.org/10.2147%2FPPA.S176355
7. Diantari IAPM, Sutarga IM. Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tabanan Ii Tahun 2019. Archive of Community Health. 2019;6(2):40. https://doi.org/10.24843/ACH.2019.v06.i02.p04
8. Lestarina NNW. Theory of Planned Behavior sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kepatuhan pada Klien Diabetes Melitus. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2018;14(2):201-207. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v14i2.3987
9. Piragine E, Petri D, Martelli A, Calderone V, Lucenteforte E. Adherence to Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12051981
10. Mora Romo JF. Adherencia al Tratamiento en Personas Con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 En México. Psicumex. 2022;12:1–20. https://doi.org/10.36793/psicumex.v12i1.493
11. Anggraini DE, Rahayu SR. Gejala Klinis Tuberkulosis pada Keluarga Penderita Tuberkulosis BTA Positif. Higeia Journal of Public Health. 2018;1:91-101. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/higeia/article/view/18100
12. Sahoo J, Mohanty S, Kundu A, Epari V. Medication Adherence Among Patients of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern India. Cureus. 2022;14(12):6–14.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33074
13. Tsehay T, Engidawork E, Ahmed A. Assessment of Antidiabetic Medication Adherence and Its Determinants among Ambulatory Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine. 2016;11:19–24.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318340413_Assessment_of_Antidiabetic_Medication_Adherence_and_Its_Determinants_among_Ambulatory_Patients_with_Type_2_Diabetes_at_Tikur_Anbessa_Specialized_Hospital_Addis_Ababa_Ethiopia
14. Sidiq R, Amos J, Widdefrita W, Novelasari N, Silaban EM, Yannurdin Y, et al. The Needs for Information and Education Media in Supporting Self-Management of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2020;16(2):247. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v16i2.9774
15. Pertiwi MV, Alfian R, Nita Y, Athiyah U. Medication Adherence of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Indonesia: A Systematic Review. Pharmacy Education. 2022;22(2):188–193. https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2022.222.188193
16. Wahiduddin. Kendali Glikemik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2019;15(1):99. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v15i1.5292
17. Chantzaras A, Yfantopoulos J. Association between Medication Adherence and Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes. Hormones. 2022;21(4):691–705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-022-00400-y.
18. Vika V, Siagian M, Wangge G. Validity and reliability of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8 Bahasa version to Measure Statin Adherence among Military Pilots. Health Science Journal of Indonesia. 2016;7(2):129–133. https://doi.org/10.22435/hsji.v7i2.5343.129-133
19. Zhang Y, Wang R, Chen Q, Dong S, Guo X, Feng Z, et al. Reliability and Validity of a Modified 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale in Patients With Chronic Pain. Annals Palliative Medicine. 2021;10(8):9088–9095. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-1878
20. Sembiring E. Medication Adherence Improvement of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJHNS). 2021;4(3):258–265. https://ijnhs.net/index.php/ijnhs/article/view/430
21. Letassy N. Medication Taking. The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care. 2007;33(6):1030. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721707308477
22. Triyanto E, Isworo A, Rahayu E. Model Pemberdayaan Terpadu untuk Meningkat-kan Kepatuhan Pasien Diabetes Mellitus. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2015;1(1):228–234. https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/528
23. Sendekie AK, Netere AK, Kasahun AE, Belachew EA. Medication Adherence and Its Impact on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Comorbidity: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2022;17:1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274971
24. Perwitasari DA, Urbayatun S. Treatment Adherence and Quality of Life in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Indonesia. SAGE Open. 2016;6(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274971
Authors
Untari, I., Utami, S., Hafiduddin, M. ., Yakob, A. ., Kusumawati, Y. ., Alfiyani, L., Rahayu, U. B. ., Hamranani, S. S. T. ., & Umam, D. N. . (2024). Relationship Between Medication Adherence and Blood Sugar Levels Among Diabetes Mellitus Outpatients. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 20(1), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v20i1.28016
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