Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are disorders of muscles, bones, joints, and connective tissues characterized by pain and limited mobility. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2021, approximately 1.17 billion people worldwide experience this condition, making MSDs a major contributor to disability, with lower back pain being the leading cause in 160 countries. Purpose: This study aims to determine factors associated with MSDs complaints in seaweed farmers in Maros Regency. Methods: This study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study comprised all seaweed farmers in Maros Regency who had received work facilities in the form of ergonomic tables and chairs from the local government. Samples were drawn using proportionate random sampling with a total of 112 participants. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analyses with Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression test. Results: The study results showed that 59 respondents (52.7%) had mild MSDs complaints. There were associations between age (p=0.006), sex (p=0.007), smoking habits (p=0.017), years of service (p=0.006), working duration (p=0.015), BMI (p=0.013), and work posture (p=0.008) with MSDs complaints. However, there was no association between personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance (p=0.137) and MSDs complaints. Furthermore, work posture (p=0.007) was the most dominant variable affecting MSDs complaints with Exp(B)/OR = 3.508. Conclusion: There are associations between age, sex, smoking habits, years of service, working duration, BMI, and work posture with MSDs complaints. Additionally, work posture is the most dominant factor affecting MSDs complaints.
Keywords
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References
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- Akbar, K. A., Try, P., Viwattanakulvanid, P., & lKallawicha, K. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Farmers in the Southeast Asia Region: A Systematic Review. Safety and health at work. 2023;14(3):243–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2023.05.001
- Thamrin, Y., Muis, M., & Sudarmin, R. R. Persepsi dan dampak penggunaan alat bantu ergonomis terhadap kesehatan dan produktivitas petani rumput laut di Kabupaten Maros. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Maritim. 2025;4(2). https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jkmmunhas/article/view/49105
- Rahmah S, Herbawani CK. Faktor Resiko Penyebab Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Pekerja: Tinjauan Literatur. PREPOTIF: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2022;6(1). https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/prepotif/article/view/2909
- Ginting JB, Sari M, Sembiring M. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Pekerja Laundry di Kecamatan Medan Selayang. Medan Journal lof lPublic Health. 2024;7(2):97-107. https://doi.org/10.36566/mjph.v7i2.381
- Aprillia P, Rifai M. Hubungan masa kerja, postur kerja dan beban kerja fisik dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja industri genteng di desa Sidoluhur Sleman. Periodicals OSH. 2022;1(1):31-40. http://journal2.uad.ac.id/index.php/posh/article/view/6401
- Asmudin A, Awaluddin A, Darwis AM. Gambaran Kelelahan Kerja Pada Petani Rumput Laut Di Desa Pitusunggu Kabupaten Pangkep. Hasanuddin Journal of Public Health. 2024;5(1):111-24. https://doi.org/10.30597/hjph.v5i1.34989
- Chen, N., Fong, D. Y. T., & Wong, J. Y. H. The global health and economic impact of low-back pain attributable to occupational ergonomic factors in the working-age population by age, sex, geography in 2019. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 2023;49(7), 487–495. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4116
- Sebbag, E., Felten, R., Sagez, F., Sibilia, J., Devilliers, H., & Arnaud, L. The world-wide burden of musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic analysis of the World Health Organization Burden of Diseases Database. Annals the rheumatic diseases. 2019;78(6), 844–848. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215142
- Thamrin Y, Ramadhani DFA, Nadillah AR, Ramadhani IADE. Gambaran Kecelakaan dan Penyakit Akibat Kerja pada Petani Rumput Laut Kabupaten Takalar Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Maritim. 2019;2(1):38-43. http://journal-old.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jkmmunhas/article/view/10710
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- Nurtanti D, Tejamaya M. Analisis Faktor Risiko Gangguan Muskuloskeletal pada Pekerja Kantor: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai. 2023;4(2). https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.15567
- Yuwono AE, Goalbertus G. Keluhan Gangguan Muskuloskeletal Mahasiswa FKG USAKTI Pada Masa Pembelajaran Hybrid. PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/prepotif/article/view/1214117
- Salsabila A, Harsismanto J, Ilmiyah F. Hubungan aktivitas fisik dan indeks massa tubuh dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Jember di masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan JIKES. 2022;21(1):38 42. https://doi.org/10.33221/jikes.v21i1.1557
- Imam K, Judha M, Salsabil HA, Setyaningsih D, Wijayanti HN, Aini MA. Korelasi kebugaran fisik dan aktivitas fisik dengan risiko cedera muskuloskeletal pada siswa. Jurnal Kesehatan JOMPARND. 2025;4(2):82 90. https://jurnal.jomparnd.com/index.php/jkj/article/view/2113
- Fatmawati, Muhsanah, F., & Yusuf, R. A. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders petani di Desa Tallulolo Kecamatan Kesu Kabupaten Toraja Utara. Window of Public Health Journal. 2023; 4(4):559–566. https://doi.org/10.33096/woph.v4i4.1117
- Rahmaningrum FD, Machfoedz I. Faktor risiko yang memengaruhi kejadian musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada dokter gigi: literature review. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2022;10(3):437–446. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm/article/view/32721
- Rahmawati F, Sari NN, Prasetyo A. Faktor risiko yang memengaruhi penyakit musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja: literature review. Jurnal Lentera Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2023;6(1):1–9. https://www.jurnalkesmas.co.id/index.php/jlkm/article/view/47
- Hernantya AR, Russeng SS, Wahyuni A, Palutturi S. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pegawai yang menggunakan komputer di RSUP Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Kota Makassar. Window Public Health Journal. 2024;5(3):406–415. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/article/view/52079
- Maghfiroh BN, Tri M. Faktor–faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya keluhan musculoskeletal disorder pada pekerja di PT X. Indonesia Journal of Public Health Nutrition. 2022;2(3):329–338. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/IJPHN/article/view/55016
- Pasaribu SMR, Tanjung LF, Girsang R, Alwi F. Hubungan jenis kelamin, masa kerja, dan posisi kerja dengan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja pada petani di Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Jurnal Kedokteran Ibnu Nafis. 2025;14(1):61-67. https://doi.org/10.30743/jkin.v14i1.822
- Pratama Y, Astuti W. Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok Dengan Risiko Musculoskeletal Disorders (Msds) Pada Petugas Pemadam Kebakaran. Jurnal Borneo Student Research. 2022;3(2):1905–1912. https://journals.umkt.ac.id/index.php/bsr/article/download/2336/1039
- Rosemillen W, Dwiyanti E. Hubungan antara umur dan kebiasaan merokok dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders pada operator gantry luffing crane. Media Gizi Kesmas. 2023;12(2):141–152. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MGK/article/view/37688
- Akbar KA, Mallapiang F. Ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders among seaweed workers in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Medicina Clínica Práctica. 2020;3(2):100–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcpsp.2020.100110
- Xu HR, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Lv Q. Association between smoking and incident back pain: a prospective cohort study with 438 510 participants. Journal of Global Health. 2023;13:04152. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.13.04152
- Alshuaibi MA, Alanazi RA, Almutairi AA, Alotaibi MF, Alqahtani AM, Alshahrani AA. Interconnections between chronic lower back pain and smoking: a systematic review. Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences. 2025;9(1):13–25. https://doi.org/10.47310/jpms202514S0134
- Irhamna NA, Arbitera C, Utari D, Maharani FT. Postur kerja dan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders pada pekerja finishing Proyek XYZ. Suara Forikes Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan. 2023;14(2):321–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf14216
- Akbar KA, Try P, Viwattanakulvanid P, Kallawicha K. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among farmers in the Southeast Asia region: a systematic review. Safety and Health Work. 2023;14(3):243–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2023.05.001
- Sumigar CK, Lumentut MR, Pangemanan DH. Hubungan antara umur dan masa kerja dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada petani di Desa Tambelang Minahasa Selatan. Jurnal Kesmas. 2022;11(2):22–9. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/kesmas/article/view/39219
- Husin A, Masruroh E, Puspita D. Penyuluhan dan latihan peregangan untuk pencegahan low back pain pada petani di Desa Purwakarta. Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan. 2023;5(2):45–51. https://jak.ubr.ac.id/index.php/jak/article/view/xxx
- Park J, Lee N, Kim Y. Influence of coexposure to long working hours and ergonomic risk factors on musculoskeletal symptoms: an interaction analysis. BMJ Open. 2022;12(5):e055186. https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/5/e055186
- Andini R. Indeks Massa Tubuh Sebagai Faktor Risiko Pada Gangguan Muskuloskeletal. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada. 2020;11(1):1–7. https://akper-sandikarsa.e-journal.id/JIKSH/article/view/17
- Sari DP, Widajati N. Hubungan indeks massa tubuh dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders pada operator container crane PT Terminal Petikemas Surabaya. Media Gizi Kesmas. 2022;10(2):120–9. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgk.v11i2.2022.365-370
- Rahmilah M, Mujtahidah, Andi B. Hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) terhadap keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada operator SPBU di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai. 2025;6(2):1203 12. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i2.45033
- Permatasari I, Nitami M, Veronika E, Situngkir D. Analisis risiko postur kerja pada petani budidaya Rumput laut dengan metode REBA di Desa Pantai Mekar Kec. Muara Gembong Kab. Bekasi. Jurnal Civitas Academicia Health Science. 2021;1(2):89–98. https://jca.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/jhea/article/view/136
References
Nabi, MH, Rupa, FH, Hossian, M. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal di kalangan petani padi laki-laki: studi lpotong lintang di lima distrik lerpilih di divisi Dhaka, Bangladesh. BMC Public Health. 2025;25: 4139. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-25273-9
Akbar, K. A., Try, P., Viwattanakulvanid, P., & lKallawicha, K. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Farmers in the Southeast Asia Region: A Systematic Review. Safety and health at work. 2023;14(3):243–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2023.05.001
Thamrin, Y., Muis, M., & Sudarmin, R. R. Persepsi dan dampak penggunaan alat bantu ergonomis terhadap kesehatan dan produktivitas petani rumput laut di Kabupaten Maros. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Maritim. 2025;4(2). https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jkmmunhas/article/view/49105
Rahmah S, Herbawani CK. Faktor Resiko Penyebab Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Pekerja: Tinjauan Literatur. PREPOTIF: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2022;6(1). https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/prepotif/article/view/2909
Ginting JB, Sari M, Sembiring M. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Pekerja Laundry di Kecamatan Medan Selayang. Medan Journal lof lPublic Health. 2024;7(2):97-107. https://doi.org/10.36566/mjph.v7i2.381
Aprillia P, Rifai M. Hubungan masa kerja, postur kerja dan beban kerja fisik dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja industri genteng di desa Sidoluhur Sleman. Periodicals OSH. 2022;1(1):31-40. http://journal2.uad.ac.id/index.php/posh/article/view/6401
Asmudin A, Awaluddin A, Darwis AM. Gambaran Kelelahan Kerja Pada Petani Rumput Laut Di Desa Pitusunggu Kabupaten Pangkep. Hasanuddin Journal of Public Health. 2024;5(1):111-24. https://doi.org/10.30597/hjph.v5i1.34989
Chen, N., Fong, D. Y. T., & Wong, J. Y. H. The global health and economic impact of low-back pain attributable to occupational ergonomic factors in the working-age population by age, sex, geography in 2019. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 2023;49(7), 487–495. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4116
Sebbag, E., Felten, R., Sagez, F., Sibilia, J., Devilliers, H., & Arnaud, L. The world-wide burden of musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic analysis of the World Health Organization Burden of Diseases Database. Annals the rheumatic diseases. 2019;78(6), 844–848. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215142
Thamrin Y, Ramadhani DFA, Nadillah AR, Ramadhani IADE. Gambaran Kecelakaan dan Penyakit Akibat Kerja pada Petani Rumput Laut Kabupaten Takalar Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Maritim. 2019;2(1):38-43. http://journal-old.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jkmmunhas/article/view/10710
Kajian Postur Tubuh dan Keluhan Pekerja dengan Nordik Body Map di PT. Duta Beton Mandiri. Noe. 2023;6(1):89-95. https://ojs.unpkediri.ac.id/index.php/noe/article/view/19912
Ramadhan DG, Sawal A, Damayanti P. Perancangan Fasilitas Kerja Ergonomis pada Proses Penggilingan Adonan di IKM Melati Rosmah Kabupaten Sinjai. Majalah teknik industri. 2023;30(2):608. https://journal.atim.ac.id/index.php/majalahteknikindustri/article/view/468
Adi, C.P., Suryana, A., Wahyudi, D., Aripudin, Ismail, M. and Amalo, P. Teknik Budidaya Rumput Laut dan Tiram Mutiara. Penerbit P4I. 2024. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=5hUhEQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Arisandi, A. and Rokhmaniati, S. Budidaya Rumput Laut: Aspek Bioteknologi dan Bioekologi. Penerbit KBM Indonesia. 2026. https://librarypenerbitkbm.science/buku/id/catalog/book/667?ut
Mallapiang, F., Azriful, Ibrahim, H., Mardatillah, N.I., Kurniawan, A. and Asril. Musculoskeletal disorders and management based on local wisdom for seaweed farmers in Sanrobone District, Takalar Regency, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Science and Islamic Studies. 2023;1:617–630. https://proceedings.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/icosis/icosis2023/paper/view/1035
Nurtanti D, Tejamaya M. Analisis Faktor Risiko Gangguan Muskuloskeletal pada Pekerja Kantor: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai. 2023;4(2). https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.15567
Yuwono AE, Goalbertus G. Keluhan Gangguan Muskuloskeletal Mahasiswa FKG USAKTI Pada Masa Pembelajaran Hybrid. PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/prepotif/article/view/1214117
Salsabila A, Harsismanto J, Ilmiyah F. Hubungan aktivitas fisik dan indeks massa tubuh dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Jember di masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan JIKES. 2022;21(1):38 42. https://doi.org/10.33221/jikes.v21i1.1557
Imam K, Judha M, Salsabil HA, Setyaningsih D, Wijayanti HN, Aini MA. Korelasi kebugaran fisik dan aktivitas fisik dengan risiko cedera muskuloskeletal pada siswa. Jurnal Kesehatan JOMPARND. 2025;4(2):82 90. https://jurnal.jomparnd.com/index.php/jkj/article/view/2113
Fatmawati, Muhsanah, F., & Yusuf, R. A. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders petani di Desa Tallulolo Kecamatan Kesu Kabupaten Toraja Utara. Window of Public Health Journal. 2023; 4(4):559–566. https://doi.org/10.33096/woph.v4i4.1117
Rahmaningrum FD, Machfoedz I. Faktor risiko yang memengaruhi kejadian musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada dokter gigi: literature review. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2022;10(3):437–446. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm/article/view/32721
Rahmawati F, Sari NN, Prasetyo A. Faktor risiko yang memengaruhi penyakit musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja: literature review. Jurnal Lentera Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2023;6(1):1–9. https://www.jurnalkesmas.co.id/index.php/jlkm/article/view/47
Hernantya AR, Russeng SS, Wahyuni A, Palutturi S. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pegawai yang menggunakan komputer di RSUP Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Kota Makassar. Window Public Health Journal. 2024;5(3):406–415. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/article/view/52079
Maghfiroh BN, Tri M. Faktor–faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya keluhan musculoskeletal disorder pada pekerja di PT X. Indonesia Journal of Public Health Nutrition. 2022;2(3):329–338. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/IJPHN/article/view/55016
Pasaribu SMR, Tanjung LF, Girsang R, Alwi F. Hubungan jenis kelamin, masa kerja, dan posisi kerja dengan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja pada petani di Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Jurnal Kedokteran Ibnu Nafis. 2025;14(1):61-67. https://doi.org/10.30743/jkin.v14i1.822
Pratama Y, Astuti W. Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok Dengan Risiko Musculoskeletal Disorders (Msds) Pada Petugas Pemadam Kebakaran. Jurnal Borneo Student Research. 2022;3(2):1905–1912. https://journals.umkt.ac.id/index.php/bsr/article/download/2336/1039
Rosemillen W, Dwiyanti E. Hubungan antara umur dan kebiasaan merokok dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders pada operator gantry luffing crane. Media Gizi Kesmas. 2023;12(2):141–152. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MGK/article/view/37688
Akbar KA, Mallapiang F. Ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders among seaweed workers in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Medicina Clínica Práctica. 2020;3(2):100–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcpsp.2020.100110
Xu HR, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Lv Q. Association between smoking and incident back pain: a prospective cohort study with 438 510 participants. Journal of Global Health. 2023;13:04152. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.13.04152
Alshuaibi MA, Alanazi RA, Almutairi AA, Alotaibi MF, Alqahtani AM, Alshahrani AA. Interconnections between chronic lower back pain and smoking: a systematic review. Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences. 2025;9(1):13–25. https://doi.org/10.47310/jpms202514S0134
Irhamna NA, Arbitera C, Utari D, Maharani FT. Postur kerja dan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders pada pekerja finishing Proyek XYZ. Suara Forikes Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan. 2023;14(2):321–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf14216
Akbar KA, Try P, Viwattanakulvanid P, Kallawicha K. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among farmers in the Southeast Asia region: a systematic review. Safety and Health Work. 2023;14(3):243–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2023.05.001
Sumigar CK, Lumentut MR, Pangemanan DH. Hubungan antara umur dan masa kerja dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada petani di Desa Tambelang Minahasa Selatan. Jurnal Kesmas. 2022;11(2):22–9. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/kesmas/article/view/39219
Husin A, Masruroh E, Puspita D. Penyuluhan dan latihan peregangan untuk pencegahan low back pain pada petani di Desa Purwakarta. Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan. 2023;5(2):45–51. https://jak.ubr.ac.id/index.php/jak/article/view/xxx
Park J, Lee N, Kim Y. Influence of coexposure to long working hours and ergonomic risk factors on musculoskeletal symptoms: an interaction analysis. BMJ Open. 2022;12(5):e055186. https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/5/e055186
Andini R. Indeks Massa Tubuh Sebagai Faktor Risiko Pada Gangguan Muskuloskeletal. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada. 2020;11(1):1–7. https://akper-sandikarsa.e-journal.id/JIKSH/article/view/17
Sari DP, Widajati N. Hubungan indeks massa tubuh dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders pada operator container crane PT Terminal Petikemas Surabaya. Media Gizi Kesmas. 2022;10(2):120–9. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgk.v11i2.2022.365-370
Rahmilah M, Mujtahidah, Andi B. Hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) terhadap keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada operator SPBU di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai. 2025;6(2):1203 12. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i2.45033
Permatasari I, Nitami M, Veronika E, Situngkir D. Analisis risiko postur kerja pada petani budidaya Rumput laut dengan metode REBA di Desa Pantai Mekar Kec. Muara Gembong Kab. Bekasi. Jurnal Civitas Academicia Health Science. 2021;1(2):89–98. https://jca.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/jhea/article/view/136