Detection of Antibiotic Residues in Commercial Layer Eggs Sold at Daya Traditional Market, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

Antibiotic residues in poultry products, such as eggs, pose a significant public health risk by contributing to antibiotic resistance. Despite being a major commodity, data regarding antibiotic residues in chicken eggs sold in Makassar City remains limited. This study aimed to detect the presence of antibiotic residues in fresh layer eggs sold at Daya Market, the largest traditional market in Makassar City. This study employed a descriptive survey method. Samples were collected using purposive sampling from 10 major egg distributors supplied by farms in Sidenreng Rappang (Sidrap) and Maros Regencies. A total of 80 eggs were collected and pooled into 10 composite samples. Screening was performed using the bioassay method based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7424:2008) to detect four antibiotic classes: penicillin, tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and macrolide. The screening revealed that 100% (10/10) of the pooled samples tested positive for aminoglycoside residues. Residues from penicillin, tetracycline, and macrolide groups were not detected. The widespread presence of aminoglycoside residues indicates a high prevalence of antibiotic use, likely gentamicin, kanamycin, or streptomycin, in the supplying farms. This suggests a failure to adhere to appropriate withdrawal periods. Strict monitoring and farmer education regarding antibiotic usage are urgently needed to ensure food safety