The Nexus of Digital Transformation and Green Industry for Sustainable Maritime Supply Chains: A Critical Systematic Literature Review
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As an archipelagic nation, Indonesia is at a critical strategic juncture, concurrently advancing industrial modernization through its 'Making Indonesia 4.0' roadmap while committing to green economy principles. However, the practical application of this 'twin transition' within the nation's vital maritime supply chains encompassing port operations and shipping logistics remains underexplored. This study addresses this critical gap by conducting a rigorous Systematic Literature Review, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, to synthesize global evidence on the digital-green nexus specifically for the maritime context. A thematic analysis of twenty-seven selected articles identifies three pivotal clusters: (1) digital technologies as critical enablers for circular economy practices; (2) synergies fostering sustainable business models such as 'green shipping' and 'smart ports'; and (3) contextual barriers hindering implementation. The principal contribution of this review is a novel, contextualized framework that translates global findings into a strategic action plan. This plan proposes applicable systems like Port Community Systems and Digital Twins to help Indonesia achieve its national performance and Sustainable Development Goal targets. The significance of these findings lies in providing a clear roadmap for policymakers, port authorities, and maritime industry leaders to navigate the complexities of this twin transition.
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