Innovation on Preventing the Covid-19 Spread Using "Cool" Personal Protective Clothing for Healthcare Workers
Abstract
Healthcare workers need Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) that can protect them, to be safer and more comfortable with handling COVID-19 patients. One important PPE is the Personal Protective Clothing (PPC), where the PPC design has to comply with regulatory requirements, in terms of application, safety, comfort, and cost. A disadvantage is that PPC can be hot and poorly ventilated. The objective of innovation research was to developed a new design of PPC with safe, cool, and comfortable personal protective clothing. PPC is made with 100% polyester coverall according to WHO standards and with ice pack design. This product was subsequently analyzed for material morphology and penetration (water-repellent). Further, relevant information was captured from 14 participants in several health professions, using questionnaires. The laboratory test results of the sample materials reportedly surpassed the specifications and were also incorporated into level-3 PPC. Based on the survey data, the personal protective clothing with ice pack was simple, comfortable, and not hot to use for healthcare workers.
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3. WHO, UNICEF. Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Waste Management for the COVID-19 Virus. World Health Organization & United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). 2020;1–9.
4. Al-Abdallat MM, Payne DC, Alqasrawi S, Rha B, Tohme RA, Abedi GR, et al. Hospital-Associated Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: A Serologic, Epidemiologic, and Clinical Description. Clinical Infectious Diseases: an Offical Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2014;59(9):1225–1233.
5. Tan S. Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 Amongst Healthcare Workers. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2020;105(2): 364–375.
6. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Characteristics of Health Care Personnel with COVID-19. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2020;69(15):477–481.
7. W H Seto, D Tsang, R W H Yung, T Y Ching, T K Ng, M Ho, L M Ho JSMP. Effectiveness of Precautions Against Droplets and Contact in Prevention of Nosocomial Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The Lancet. 2003:361(9368;)1519-1520.
8. Sharma S, Mudgal S, Panda P, Gupta P, Agarwal P. Guidance Outlines on Infection Prevention and Control for Health Care Workers. Indian Journal Community Health. 2020;32(1):9–16.
9. Verbeek JH, Rajamaki B, Ijaz S, Sauni R, Toomey E, Blackwood B, et al. Personal Protective Equipment for Preventing Highly Infectious Diseases Due to Exposure to Contaminated Body Fluids in Healthcare Staff. Cochrane Database of Systematic Review. 2021;33(1):59–61.
10. Piché-Renaud P, Groves H, Kitano T, Arnold C, Thomas A, Streitenberger L, et al. Healthcare Worker Perception of a Global Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Personal Protective Equipment: Survey of a Pediatric Tertiary-Care Hospital. Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology. 2020;12:1–7.
11. Vidua RK, Chouksey VK, Bhargava DC, Kumar J. Problems Arising from PPE When Worn for Long Periods. Medico-Legal Journal. 2020;88(1):47–49.
12. Tarantola A, Abiteboul D, Rachline A. Infection Risks Following Accidental Exposure to Blood or Body Fluids in Health Care Workers: A Review of Pathogens Transmitted in Published Cases. American Journal Infection Control. 2006;34(6):367–375.
13. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidance for the Selection and Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Healthcare Settings, USA: Department of Health & Human Services. 2020.
14. Kemenkes RI. Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2020.
15. Karim N, Afroj S, Lloyd K, Oaten LC, Andreeva D V., Carr C, et al. Sustainable Personal Protective Clothing for Healthcare Applications: a Review. ACS Nano. 2020;14(10):12313–12340.
16. Ahmed F, Shaikh I, Hussain I, Munir S. Developments in Health Care and Medical Textiles-A Mini Review. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 2014;13(12):780–783.
17. Virk RK, Ramaswamy GN, Bourham M, Bures BL. Plasma and Antimicrobial Treatment of Nonwoven Fabrics for Surgical Gowns. Textile Research Journal. 2004;74:1073−1079.
18. Rutala W, Weber D. Review of Single-Use and Reusable Gowns and Drapes in Healthcare. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2001;22(4):248–257.
19. WHO. Rational Use of Personal Protective Equipment for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Considerations During Severe Shortages. [Interim Guid]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
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21. AATCC. TM042 Water Resistance: Impact Penetration Test. Research Triangle Park, NC: American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists; 2017.
22. AATCC. TM127 Water Resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure Test. Research Triangle Park, NC: American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists; 2017.
23. Kilinc F. A Review of Isolation Gowns in Healthcare: Fabric and Gown Properties. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics. 2015;10(3):180–190.
24. Davey SL, Lee BJ, H R, C R, C D T. Heat Stress and PPE During COVID-19: Impact on Healthcare Workers’ Performance, Safety and Well-Being in NHS Settings. The Journal Hospital Infection. 2021;108:185–188.
25. Yap, Ng XH. Effects of Temperature on Liquid Penetration Performance of Surgical Gown Fabrics. Electronic Libr. 2018;34(1):1–5.
26. Shi J, Li H, Xu F, Tao X. Materials in Advanced Design of Personal Protective Equipment: a Review. Material Today Advances. 2021;12.
27. Cacucciolo V, Shintake J, Kuwajima Y, Maeda S, Floreano D, Shea H. Stretchable Pumps for Soft Machines. Nature. 2019;572:516–519.
Authors
Binartha, C. T. O., Burhannudinnur , M. ., Novia Rizali, A. E. ., Maulani, M. ., & Nurrohman, H. . (2021). Innovation on Preventing the Covid-19 Spread Using "Cool" Personal Protective Clothing for Healthcare Workers. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 17(3), 103-109. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v17i3.17847
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