Perpaduan Determinan Individu dan Tingkat Ekologi terhadap Kejadian Infeksi Malaria di Endemis Malaria

Abstract

Epidemiological studies of malaria regarding risk factors are limited to knowing the biobehavioral effect
at the individual level. Determinant analysis at various levels with various methodological problems has not
been widely considered by epidemiologists to date. This study used hybrid design ecological studies. Qualitative
studies were conducted to look at the parameters of village conditions in response to operational policies on
malaria prevention programs. The analysis carried out was multilevel logistic regression and content analysis.
Samples were taken in stages from 1,206 residents in 240 households in 30 villages in 3 malaria endemic districts
of South Lampung Regency & Pesawaran. The incidence of malaria infection was found [with parasitic indicators
(+)] in 30 malaria endemic sub-villages in South Lampung Regency & Pesawaran District of 11.2%, with the
majority of malaria plasmodium species being 55.8% P. Vivax, followed by P. Falciparum (41.5%), and the lowest
was P. Malariae (2.7%). The role of the individual level (level 1) is 0.17%, the role of the household level (level
2) is 43.8% and the role of the village level (level 3) is 55.9% in explaining the incidence of malaria infection.
Conclusions from the results of the study found that the difference in incidence of malaria infection in individuals
is more determined by contextual factors (level of household (level 2) and village level (level 3) compared to
compositional factors (individual level (level 1).