Skrining Status Gizi, Anemia, dan Kepatuhan Minum Tablet Tambah Darah pada Remaja Putri di SMK Kristen Rantepao

Abstract

Indonesia faces a triple burden of malnutrition, which includes undernutrition, overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies such as anemia. Adolescent girls are a priority group in accelerating the reduction of stunting and anemia, given the persistently high prevalence of anemia (32% among 15-24 year-olds, Riskesdas 2018). The low adherence to Iron-Folic Acid (IFA) tablets remains a major issue, indicating the need for effective health interventions. This community service activity was conducted on October 14, 2024, at SMK Kristen Rantepao, involving 138 female students aged 14-18. This quantitative descriptive study aimed to assess nutritional status, Hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and adherence to IFA tablet consumption. Measurements included body weight, height, and Hb level testing using the Point of Care Testing (POCT) method. Nutritional status was analyzed based on the 2020 Ministry of Health's Body Mass Index (BMI) criteria, while height standards used the 2000 CDC Growth Chart. The screening results showed that although 87.68% of the students had a good nutritional status based on BMI, other findings revealed significant nutritional problems. A total of 80.4% of the students were classified as short (stunting) and 28.99% suffered from anemia. This data is corroborated by the fact that 93.5% of the students had never consumed IFA tablets. The high prevalence of stunting, anemia, and low adherence to IFA tablet consumption among female adolescents at SMK Kristen Rantepao is a public health issue that requires urgent attention. This activity demonstrates that continuous educational interventions and IFA supplementation programs are crucial to improving adolescent nutritional health and preventing future health problems.

Keywords: Nutritional Status, Anemia, Adolescent Girls, Stunting, Community Service.

Indonesia menghadapi tantangan gizi ganda (triple burden) yang mencakup kekurangan gizi, kelebihan gizi, dan kekurangan zat gizi mikro seperti anemia. Remaja putri merupakan kelompok prioritas dalam percepatan penurunan stunting dan anemia, mengingat prevalensi anemia yang masih tinggi (32% pada usia 15-24 tahun, Riskesdas 2018). Kepatuhan minum Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) yang masih rendah menjadi masalah utama, menunjukkan perlunya intervensi kesehatan yang efektif. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada 14 Oktober 2024 di SMK Kristen Rantepao dengan melibatkan 138 siswi berusia 14-18 tahun. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk menilai status gizi, kadar Hemoglobin (Hb), dan kepatuhan minum TTD. Pengukuran meliputi berat badan, tinggi badan, dan pemeriksaan Hb menggunakan Point of Care Testing (POCT). Status gizi dianalisis berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) Kemenkes 2020, sementara standar tinggi badan menggunakan Growth Chart CDC 2000. Hasil skrining menunjukkan bahwa meskipun 87,68% siswi memiliki status gizi baik berdasarkan IMT, temuan lain menunjukkan masalah gizi yang signifikan. Sebesar 80,4% siswi tergolong pendek (stunting) dan 28,99% mengalami anemia. Data ini diperkuat oleh fakta bahwa 93,5% siswi tidak pernah mengonsumsi TTD. Tingginya prevalensi stunting, anemia, dan rendahnya kepatuhan minum TTD pada remaja putri di SMK Kristen Rantepao menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang memerlukan perhatian mendesak.

Kata Kunci: Status Gizi, Anemia, Remaja Putri, Stunting, Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat