KERUGIAN EKONOMI AKIBAT BIAYA PERAWATAN KESEHATAN LANGSUNG PADA ORANG DEWASA OBESITAS DI INDONESIA
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Keywords:
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Biaya perawatan kesehatan, dewasa, obesitas, komorbiditas
Abstract
Prevalensi obesitas di Indonesia meningkat pada tahun 2013, pada laki-laki maupun perempuan dewasa. Obesitas berhubungan dengan penyakit penyerta (komorbiditas), seperti kanker, diabetes mellitus, hipertensi, jantung iskemik, osteoartritis, dan stroke. Dengan demikian, akan memengaruhi peningkatan biaya perawatan kesehatan. Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi kerugian ekonomi akibat biaya perawatan kesehatan langsung pada orang dewasa obesitas seluruh provinsi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional study. Biaya perawatan kesehatan yang dihitung merupakan biaya langsung meliputi biaya rawat jalan dan rawat inap. Biaya perawatan kesehatan akibat obesitas diestimasi dari perkalian jumlah orang yang mengalami obesitas disertai penyakit penyerta dengan rata-rata biaya perawatan dan proporsi kejadian komorbiditas pada populasi obesitas. Proporsi kejadian komorbiditas pada populasi obesitas digunakan untuk mengestimasi masing-masing komorbiditas yang diakibatkan oleh obesitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah biaya rawat jalan terbesar (219 miliar rupiah) jumlah biaya rawat inap terbesar (13254 miliar rupiah) di Indonesia. Komorbiditas dengan biaya perawatan kesehatan terbesar adalah pada kasus penyakit diabetes mellitus (27486 miliar rupiah). Total biaya langsung yang dikeluarkan akibat obesitas pada subjek perempuan lebih tinggi daripada subjek laki-laki di Indonesia (45234 miliar rupiah dan 11252 miliar rupiah).
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15. Flegal KM, Panagiotou OA, Glaubard BI. Es- timating Population Attributable Fractions to Quantify the Health Burden of Obesity. An- nals of Epidemiology.2014;11:1-26.
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18. Salam A. Faktor Risiko Kejadian Obesitas pada Remaja. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2010;6(3):185-190.
19. Parr CL, Batty GD, Lam TH, Barzi F, Fang X, Cho S, Sun HJ, Ansary-Moghaddam A, Jam- rozik K, Ueshima H, Woodward M, Huxley RR. Body-Mass Index and Cancer Mortality in the Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collabora- tion: Pooled Analyses of 424 519 Participants. The Lancet.2010;11:741-52.
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2. Specchia ML, Veneziano MA, Cadeddu C, Ferriero AM, Mancuso A, Lanuela C, Parente P, Capri S, Ricciardi W. Economic Impact of Adult Obesity on Health Systems : a Sys- tematic Review. European Journal of Public Health.2014;25(2):255-262.
3. Dixon JB. The Effect of Obesity on Health Outcomes. Molecular and Cellular Endrocri- nology. 2010;316:104-108.
4. Hu FB. Obesity Epidemiology. New York:Oxford University Press; 2008.
5. Kang JH, Jeong BG, Cho YG, Song HR, Kim KA. Sosioeconomic Costs of Overweight and Obesity in Korean Adults. Journal Korean Medicine Science. 2011;26:1533-1540.
6. Pitayatienanan P, Butchon R, Yothasamut J, Aekplakom W, Teerawattananon Y, Sussom- boon, Thavornccharoensap M. Economic Cost of Obesity in Thailand : a Retrospective Cost of Illness Study. Bio Medice Central Publich Health. 2014;14:1-7.
7. Lehnert T, Sonntag D, Konnopka A, Rie- del-Heller S, Konig H. Economic Cost of Over- weight and Obesity. Elsevier. 2013;27:105
:115.
8. Marie Ng, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany EC, Biryu- kov S, Abbafati C, Abera S, et al. Global, Regional, and National Prevalence of Over- weight and Obesity in Children and Adults During 1980-2013: a Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet. 2014;384:1-16.
9. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehat- an. Hasil Riset Kesetahan Dasar 2013. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia;2013.
10. Kelly T, Yang W, Chen CS, Reynolds K, He J. Global Burden of Obesity in 2005 and Pro- jections to 2030. International Journal Obesi- ty.2008;32:1431–1437.
11. Withtrow D, Alter DA. The Economic Burden of Obesity Worldwide : a Systematic Review of Direct Costs of Obesity. Journal of Obesity.
2011; 12 : 131- 141.
12. Malik VS, Willet WC, Hu FB. Global Obesi- ty : Trends, Risk Factors, and Policy Implica- tions. Nat Rev Endocrinol.2012; 9 : 13-27.
13. Sari RP, Rahmawati F, Pramantara IDP. Per- bandingan Biaya Riil dengan Tarif Paket INA-CBG’s dan Analisis Faktor yang Memengaruhi Biaya Riil pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Rawat Inap Jamkesmas di RSUP Dr. Sarjito Yogyakarta. Jurnal Manajemen dan Pelayanan Farmasi.2014;3(1):1-12.
14. Ferranti SD, Boer IH, Foncesa V, Fox C, Golden SH, Lavie CJ, Magge SN, Marx N, McGuire Dk, Orchard TJ, Zinman B, Eck- el R. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardio- vaskular Disease. Circulation AHA Journal.2014;130:1110-1130.
15. Flegal KM, Panagiotou OA, Glaubard BI. Es- timating Population Attributable Fractions to Quantify the Health Burden of Obesity. An- nals of Epidemiology.2014;11:1-26.
16. Park J-H, Yoon S-J, Lee H, Jo H-S, Lee S-I, Kim Y, Kim Y-I, Shin Y. Burden of Disease Attributable to Obesity and Overweight in Korea. International Journal of Obesity.2006;30:1661-1669.
17. Colman R, Hayward K. The Cost of Obesity in Alberta, Kanada: Atlantic Canada Incorpo- rated; 2010.
18. Salam A. Faktor Risiko Kejadian Obesitas pada Remaja. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2010;6(3):185-190.
19. Parr CL, Batty GD, Lam TH, Barzi F, Fang X, Cho S, Sun HJ, Ansary-Moghaddam A, Jam- rozik K, Ueshima H, Woodward M, Huxley RR. Body-Mass Index and Cancer Mortality in the Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collabora- tion: Pooled Analyses of 424 519 Participants. The Lancet.2010;11:741-52.
20. Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N, Amar- zi Z, Birmingham CL, Anis AH. The Inci- dence of Co-morbidities related to Obesity and Overweight : a Systematic Review and Metaanalisis. Bio Medice Central Publich Health.2009;9(88):1-20.
Authors
Wulansari, A., Mardiana, D., & Baliwati, Y. F. (2017). KERUGIAN EKONOMI AKIBAT BIAYA PERAWATAN KESEHATAN LANGSUNG PADA ORANG DEWASA OBESITAS DI INDONESIA. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 12(4), 20-215. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v12i4.1539
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