Pesticide Residues Impact on Drinking Water and Farmers Using Environmental Health Risk Assessment Study (EHRA)
Abstract
Public health problems and decreased environmental health can be caused by pesticides because they are dangerous toxic substances. Pesticides have had a risky impact on farmers in Jonggol village. Assessing the risk of pesticide exposure to drinking water sources in agricultural areas in Jonggol village in 2022 is the aim of this study. The research used the Environmental Health Risk Assessment study. Conducting interviews with questionnaires, measuring pesticides in drinking water sources, and observing are part of the research data collection. The results of research conducted at 3 points only found pesticides at the first point, namely in the well water in Kampung Kujang with a value above the standard of 0.0855 mg/l the location is only 2 m from the agriculture. In the next two points, namely well water in Karni village and river water in Bengkok village, no pesticides were detected and the distance from the agriculture was 20 m. Most of the water from wells in agricultural areas is consumed by farmers for drinking. The calculation result was 0.00246 mg/kg/day for non-carcinogenic intake values (real-time) and 0.001056 mg/kg/day for carcinogenic intake values (real-time). The results showed there was no non-carcinogenic risk with RQ value of ≤ 1 with a value of characteristics of non-carcinogenic risk was 0.246. The conclusion is that both in real-time and in a lifetime, farmers in Jonggol village are already at risk. The risk of health problems for farmers can be reduced by the importance of protecting farmers by carrying out risk management.
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2. Slaby, S. et al. Distribution of Pesticides and Some of Their Transformation Products in a Small Lentic Waterbody: Fish, Water, and Sediment Contamination in an Agricultural Watershed. Environmental Pollution. 2022; 292:118403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118403
3. Link, M., Schreiner, V. C., Graf, N., Szöcs, E., Bundschuh, M., Battes, K. P., Cîmpean, M., Sures, B., Grabner, D., Buse, J., & Schäfer, R. B. Pesticide Effects on Macroinvertebrates and Leaf Litter Decomposition in Areas with Traditional Agriculture. The Science of The Total Environment. 2022;828: 154549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154549
4. Mac Loughlin TM, Peluso ML, Marino DJG. Evaluation of Pesticide Pollution in the Gualeguay Basin: An Extensive Agriculture Area in Argentina. Science Total Environment. 2022;851:158142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158142
5. Dar, A. A., Jan, I., Wani, A. A., Mubashir, S., Sofi, K. A., Sofi, J. A., & Dar, I. H. Risk Assessment, Dissipation Behavior and Persistence of Quinalphos In/On Green Pea by Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detector. Journal of Separation Science. 2018; 41(11): 2380–2385. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201701543
6. Kuiper, G., Young, B. N., WeMott, S., Erlandson, G., Martinez, N., Mendoza, J., Dooley, G., Quinn, C., Benka-Coker, W., & Magzamen, S. Factors Affecting Urinary Organophosphate Pesticide Metabolite Levels among Californian Agricultural Community Members. The Science of the Total Environment. 2023;881: 163362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163362.
7. Riedo, J., Wächter, D., Gubler, A., Wettstein, F. E., Meuli, R. G., & Bucheli, T. D. Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Soils in Light of Their On-Farm Application History. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987). 2023;331:121892.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121892
8. Jayasiri, M. M. J. G. C. N. et al. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Water Quality for Pesticides and Other Agricultural Pollutants in Deduru Oya River Basin of Sri Lanka. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2022;330:129897.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129897
9. Tan, H., Li, Q., Zhang, H., Wu, C., Zhao, S., Deng, X., & Li, Y. Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Topsoil from The Hainan Tropical Riverside Basin: Determination, Distribution, and Relationships with Planting Patterns and Surface Water. The Science of The Total Environment. 2020;722: 137856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137856
10. Dinkes Kota Bogor. Profil Kesehatan Kota Bogor Tahun 2019-2020. Bogor: Dinas Kesehatan; 2020.
11. García, M. G., Sánchez, J. I. L., Bravo, K. A. S., Cabal, M. D. C. & Pérez-Santín, E. Review: Presence, Distribution and Current Pesticides Used in Spanish Agricultural Practices. Science of the Total Environment. 2022;845:57291 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.1.
12. Al-Dawood, A. et al. Awareness of Pesticides’ Residues in Food and Feed Among Students of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mutah University, Jordan. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 2023; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2023.05.003
13. Tu, L. H., Grieneisen, M. L., Wang, R., Watanabe, H. & Zhang, M. Assessment of Agricultural Pesticide Inert Ingredient Transport Following Modeling Approach: Case Study of Two Formulation Agents in Sacramento River Watershed. Journal of Environmental Management. 2023 ;330:117123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117123
14. Rajak, P. et al. Agricultural Pesticides – Friends or Foes to Biosphere?. Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances. 2023;10; 100264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazadv.2023.100264
15. Monticelli Barizon, R. R., Kummrow, F., Fernandes de Albuquerque, A., Assalin, M. R., Rosa, M. A., Cassoli de Souza Dutra, D. R., & Almeida Pazianotto, R. A. Surface Water Contamination from Pesticide Mixtures and Risks to Aquatic Life in a High-Input Agricultural Region of Brazil. Chemosphere. 2022; 308: 136400.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136400
16. Ramírez-Morales, D., Pérez-Villanueva, M. E., Chin-Pampillo, J. S., Aguilar-Mora, P., Arias-Mora, V., & Masís-Mora, M. Pesticide Occurrence and Water Quality Assessment from an Agriculturally Influenced Latin-American Tropical Region. Chemosphere. 2023;262;127851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127851
17. Li, W., Wang, B., Yuan, Y., & Wang, S. Spatiotemporal Distribution Patterns and Ecological Risk of Multi-Pesticide Residues in The Surface Water of a Typical Agriculture Area in China. The Science of the Total Environment. 2023;870: 161872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161872
18. Peluso, J., Chehda, A. M., Olivelli, M. S., Ivanic, F. M., Pérez Coll, C. S., Gonzalez, F., Valenzuela, L., Rojas, D., Cristos, D., Butler, M., Candal, R. J., & Aronzon, C. M. Metals, Pesticides, and Emerging Contaminants on Water Bodies from Agricultural Areas and The Effects on a Native Amphibian. Environmental Research. 2023;226:115692.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.115692
19. Gilevska, T., Masbou, J., Baumlin, B., Chaumet, B., Chaumont, C., Payraudeau, S., Tournebize, J., Probst, A., Probst, J. L., & Imfeld, G. Do Pesticides Degrade in Surface Water Receiving Runoff from Agricultural Catchments? Combining Passive Samplers (POCIS) and Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis. The Science of the Total Environment. 2022;842:156735.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156735
20. García-Galán, M. J., Monllor-Alcaraz, L. S., Postigo, C., Uggetti, E., López de Alda, M., Díez-Montero, R., & García, J. Microalgae-Based Bioremediation of Water Contaminated by Pesticides in Peri-Urban Agricultural Areas. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987). 2020; 265:114579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114579
21. Rydh Stenström, J., Kreuger, J., & Goedkoop, W. Pesticide Mixture Toxicity to Algae in Agricultural Streams - Field Observations and Laboratory Studies with In Situ Samples and Reconstituted Water. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021;215:112153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112153
22. Cueff, S., Alletto, L., Bourdat-Deschamps, M., Benoit, P. & Pot, V. Water and Pesticide Transfers in Undisturbed Soil Columns Sampled from a Stagnic Luvisol and a Vermic Umbrisol Both Cultivated Under Conventional and Conservation Agriculture. Geoderma. 2020; 377:114590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114590
Authors
Fizulmi, G., & Wispriyono, B. (2023). Pesticide Residues Impact on Drinking Water and Farmers Using Environmental Health Risk Assessment Study (EHRA). Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 19(2), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v19i2.25991
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