Abstract
This research found a dividing line between the narrative of Bissu and Toboto, in some previous research, they were always singularly narrated. But this Research looks at other phenomena of Bissu, namely Toboto, present and playing a role in their daily lives. That way, this article wants to reveal another narrative that has been supporting the Bissu as a single narrative. It also focused on landscapes, Islam and negotiations, using ethnographic methods, taking the context of research in Pangkep Regency and confirming the data, with Bissu and adat councils in Bone District, making this research conducted from November to December. The analytical technique used is structural-functional, which sees exchange relations between people who have their respective structures and functions. This research found several updates. First, the context in seeing Bissu daily life is always centered on Segeri Subdistrict, but what is in the field, it turns out Bissu residence is not only in Segeri District. Secondly, as far as any behavior deviates from the behavior of Bissu and Toboto, Islam as a religion teaching always returns them to their nature. And thirdly, negotiations between the two camps (adat council and religious leaders) are like a time bomb that is ready to explode at any time.References
Ahimsa-Putra, Heddy. S. (1987). Etnografi Sebagai Kritk Budaya: Mungkinkah di Indonesia? Jerat Budaya , 16-40.
Al-Bayqunie, Pepi (2016). Calabai Perempuan dalam Tubuh Lelaki. Tanggerang Selatan: Javanica.
Andini, Batari. O. (2017). The Islamization in Bugis Society during the Darul Islam Era under Kahar Muzakar in 1960s. Dinika Academic Journal of Islamic Studies , 23-34.
Darmapoetra, Juma. (2014). Bissu Perantara Dewa. Makassar: Arus Timur.
Davies, Sharyn. G. (2018). Keberagaman Gender di Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Obor.
Fajriani. (2015). (Skripsi) Upacara Mappalili oleh Pa’Bissu di Kelurahan Bontomate’ne Kecamatan Segeri Kabupaten Pangkep. Jurusan Perbandingan Agama: Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar.
Gibson, Thomas. (2009). Kekuasaan, Syeikh dan Ambtenaar Pengetahuan Simbolik dan Kekuasaan Makassar 1300-2000. Makassar: Ininnawa.
Gonggong, Anhar. (1992). Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar Dari Patriot Hingga Pemberontak . Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Widiasarana.
Hakim, Abdul. (2014). A Long Path of Bissu in South Sulawesi, Indonesia Fro Glory to Disappearance. Maluku Utara: Maba, East Halmaher.
Harvey, Barbara. S. (1974). Tradition, Islam, And Rebelion: South Sulawesi 1950-1965. A Thesis Doctor of Philosophy: Cornell University.
Kaseng, Syamsuddin. (2008). Menelusuri Jejak Kehadiran Pangkep Sebagai Sumbangan bagi Pembangunan Nasional di Derah. In A. M. Magassing, Sejarah Kelahiran Pangkep (pp. 53-70). Pangkep: Dinas Kesejahtraan Sosial dan Tenaga Kerja.
Lathief, Halilintar. (2004). Bissu Pergulatan dan Perannya di Masyarakat Bugis. Depok: Desantara.
Magassing, Andi. M. (2008). Sejarah Kelahirang Pangkep. Pangkep: Dinas Kesejahtraan Sosial dan Tenaga Kerja Kabupaten Pangkep.
Makkulau, Farid. (2008). Manusia Bissu . Makassar: Pustaka Refleksi.
Mappangara, Suriadi. (2003). Sejarah Islam di SUlawesi Selatan. Makassar: Biro KAPP Sekretaris.
Mattulada. (1998). Sejarah, Masyarakat dan Kebudayaan di Sulawesi Selatan. Ujung Pandang: Lembaga Penerbit Universitas Hasanuddin.
Pelras, Christian. (1996). The Bugis. Inggris: Blackwell Limited Oxford.
Said, Muhammad. (2016). Peran Bissu dalam Masyarakat Bugis. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Membentuk Karakter Bangsa dalam Rangka Daya Saing Global (pp. 69-78). Makassar: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Makassar dan Himpunan Sarjana Pendidikan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia.
Salihima, Syamsuez. (2015). Peta politik di Sulawesi Selatan Pada Awal Islamisasi. Jurnal Rihlah , 33-44.
Scott, James. C. (1972). Patron-Client Politics and Political Change in Southeast Asia. American Political Science Association , 91-113.
Simatupang, Lono. L. (2017). Etnografi. Power Point Persentase Pengajaran Metode Penelitian Etnografi. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Spradley, James. P. (1980). Metode Etnografi. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana.
Suliyati, Titiek. (2018). Bissu: Keistimewaan Gender dalam Tradisi Bugis. Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Antropologi , 52-61.
Sumyati. (2006). Strategi Adaptasi Masyarakat dalam Menghadapi Bencana Banjir Pasang Air Laut di Kota Pekalongan. Jurnal Prisma , 51-72.
Thamrin, Umar. (2015). How Economy Matters to Indigenous Identity of Bissu, Transgender Priests of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Singapore: Asia Research Institute.
Triadi, Feby. (2018). Calabai Dalam Tubuh Lelaki: Telaah Epistemologi Fenomenologi Pada Novel Karya Pepi-Albaiqunie. Jurnal Pangadereng , 29-40.