Tenure Impacts on Livelihood, Income, Forest Condition, and Equity of an Upland Community in Negros Occidental, Philippines
Additional Files
Deprecated: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprecated in /home/journal33/public_html/plugins/generic/citations/CitationsPlugin.inc.php on line 49
This study examined the perceived impacts of the Integrated Social Forestry Program (ISFP) on the biophysical and socio-economic conditions of farmers in Barangay Patag, Silay City, Negros Occidental, Philippines. Specifically, it aimed to: (a) assess the perceived impacts of ISFP on local livelihood, income, forest condition, and equity (LIFE); and (b) identify the factors that are associated with perceived equity; and (c) determine the relationships between perceived equity and ISFP goals. Data were gathered through surveys and a focused group discussion. A total of 41 respondents composed the survey, while six key informants comprised the focused discussion group. Key findings showed that ISFP was perceived to have considerable beneficial impacts on livelihood and income sources. It also had positive impacts on forest condition particularly in the perceived increased of forest cover. Some beneficial impacts were likewise noted for equity across dimensions: gender; education; economic status; and membership. Finally, challenges in sustaining the program underscored the need for strategies to further enhance its positive impacts on the local community’s socio-ecological conditions
Adams, W. M., Aveling, R., Brockington, D., Dickson, B., Elliott, J., Hutton, J., ... & Wolmer, W. (2004). Biodiversity Conservation and The Eradication of Poverty. Science, 306(5699), 1146-1149. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1097920
Amanor, K. S. (2005). Equity in forest benefit sharing and poverty alleviation. In Equity in Forest Benefit Sharing: Stakeholders’ Views. Tropenbos International—Ghana, Workshop proceedings (Vol. 3, pp. 15-23). Retrieved from https://www.tropenbos.org/file.php/217/benefitsharingsmall.pdf.
Antinori, C., & Rausser, G. C. (2008). Ownership and control in Mexico’s community forestry sector. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 57(1), 101-136. https://doi.org/10.1086/590459
CENRO, Cadiz City. (2016). Northern Negros Natural Park. Brgy. Patag, Silay City. Biodiversity Monitoring System, June 2016. Bantayan Park, Bago City, Negros Occidental.
Chechina, M., Neveux, Y., Parkins, J. R., & Hamann, A. (2018). Balancing conservation and livelihoods: A study of forest-dependent communities in the Philippines. Conservation and Society, 16(4), 420-430. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cs.cs_16_182
City Planning and Development Office – City Government of Silay. (2016). Barangay Patag Profile.
Colina, A., IV. (2014). Organic farming for peace, dev't. SunStar Philippines. Retrieved from https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/376682/Organic-farming-for-peace-devt
DENR. 2016. NNNP Basic Features and Profile.
Dizon, J. T. (2004). Co-management of the commons: some experiences with community-based resource management in the Philippine uplands. In Commons in an Age of Global Transition: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities, 10th IASCP Conference, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Enrique, R. (1992). Integrated social forestry program [ISFP] of Cenro 3-10, Guiguinto, Bulacan [Philippines]. University of the Philippines at Los Baños.
FMB-DENR. (2021). Historical Background. Retrieved from https://forestry.denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-fmb/historical-background
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2013). Forests and Water. International Momentum and Action.
Gevaña, D. (2009). Equity and tenure regime in Community-based Forest Management in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines (Master’s thesis). University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Hansen, M. C., Potapov, P. V., Moore, R., Hancher, M., Turubanova, S. A., Tyukavina, A., ... & Townshend, J. (2013). High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change. Science, 342(6160), 850-853. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244693
Levang P., E. Dounias, and S. Sitorus. (2005). Out of the forest, out of poverty? Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 15(2), 211-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2005.9752521
Maohong, B. (2012). Deforestation in the Philippines, 1946-1995. Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints, 60(1), 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1353/phs.2012.0011
Macahilo, M. (2018). Organic Agriculture: A Boon to Patag Farmers. Agriculture Monthly. Retrieved from https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2018/07/12/organic-agriculture-a-boon-to-patag-farmers/
Masipiquena, A. (1993). People-centered approach to forest resource management: the case of integrated social forestry program implementation in selected project sites in Isabela, Philippines. University of the Philippines at Los Baños.
Orias, A. B., & Bande, M. M. (2018). Policy and Socio-ecological Assessment of the Integrated Social Forestry Program after 25 Years of Implementation in St. Bernard, Southern Leyte, Philippines. International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 9(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.32115/ijerd.9.1_7
Pasa, Arturo E. (2007). Rewarding smallholders for their environmental services: Lessons learned from Midwestern Leyte. Improving the Triple Bottom Line Returns from Small-scale Forestry, Ormoc, the Philippines, 18 - 21 June 2007. Gatton, Qld, Australia: The University of Queensland. Retrieved from https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:108378
Peras R.J.J., Pulhin J.M., Gevaña D.T., Inoue M. (2021) Natural Resource Base as a Foundation of Human Security. In Pulhin J.M., Inoue M., Shaw R. (eds) Climate Change, Disaster Risks, and Human Security. Disaster Risk Reduction (Methods, Approaches and Practices) (pp 113-136). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8852-5_6
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2016). 2013 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry - Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing for Establishments with Total Employment of 20 and Over: Preliminary Results. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/content/2013-annual-survey-philippine-business-and-industry-agriculture-forestry-and-fishing
Pulhin, J. M. (2002). Trends in Forest Policy of the Philippines. Policy Trend Report. College of Forestry and Natural Resources. University of the Philippine, Los Baños. pp 29-41. Retrieved from https://aboutphilippines.org/files/Trends-in-Forest-Policy-Philippines.pdf
Pulhin, J. M., Dizon, J. T., Cruz, R. V. O., Gevana, D. T., & Dahal, G. (2008). Tenure Reform on Philippine Forest Lands: Assessment ff Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts. CIFOR
Pulhin, J., Gevana, D., Pulhin, F. (2017). Community-Based Mangrove Management in the Philippines: Experience and Challenges in the Context of Changing Climate. In DasGupta, R & Shaw, R. (eds.) Participatory Mangrove Management in a Changing Climate (pp 247-262). Springer.
Ramirez, D. (1991). Some Social Insights on Philippine Programs in the Forestry Sector. Transactions of the National Academy of Science and Technology. Republic of the Philippines. Volume XIII.
Richards, M., Maharjan, M., & Kanel, K. (2003). Economics, poverty and transparency: measuring equity in forest user groups. Journal of Forest and Livelihood, 3(1), 91-106.
Ruzol, C. D., Camacho, A. C. D., Sabino, L. L., Garcia, J. E., Gevaña, D. T., & Camacho, L. D. (2020). A materialist-idealist divide? Policy and practice in participatory mangrove rehabilitation in the Philippines. Environmental Science & Policy, 112, 394-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.026
UN Habitat. (2020). Module 8. Monitoring and Reporting the SDGs. Secure Tenure Rights to Land.
Yamane, T. (1967)( Statistics, An Introductory Analysis (2nd Ed.). Harper and Row.
Yamane, T. (1999). Statistics: An introductory Analysis, (3rd Ed.). Harper and Row.
Copyright (c) 2021 Forest and Society
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access journal which means that all contents is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher. An article based on a section from a completed graduate dissertation may be published in Forest and Society, but only if this is allowed by author's(s') university rules. The Editors reserve the right to edit or otherwise alter all contributions, but authors will receive proofs for approval before publication.
Forest and Society operates a CC-BY 4.0 © license for journal papers. Copyright remains with the author, but Forest and Society is licensed to publish the paper, and the author agrees to make the article available with the CC-BY 4.0 license. Reproduction as another journal article in whole or in part would be plagiarism. Forest and Society reserves all rights except those granted in this copyright notice
